Excerpt from article
"Famous Universe - Investigation of Zhuge Liang's Cultural Relics"
Jianmen Pass, a natural danger gateway north of Chengdu, was built in the Three Kingdoms period and was established by Zhuge Cheng Xiang himself.
In the north of Hande County (now north of Jiange County, Sichuan) in the Jihan Period, there was a large mountain that stretched for more than two hundred miles, and a canyon was split in the middle of the mountain, and from the north, the high and steep vertical cliffs in the canyon were like axes from top to bottom, and like two straight swords, the sword blade pointed directly at the sky, so the cliffs on both sides were called the Great Sword Mountain and the Small Sword Mountain. The canyon formed between the two mountains, which stretches for about 30 miles, has a rapid flow of water and a narrow and steep terrain, so it has not been accessible to roads at first. Zhuge Liang modeled on the Chu Road excavated in the Qin Dynasty, ordered people to dig mountain stones here, insert wood as beams, erect a boardwalk, and make a pavilion beam on the boardwalk to ensure the safety of the road, this boardwalk is the famous Sword Pavilion Road.
Sword Gate Closed Old Photo
The opening of the Jiange Road has set up a road between Qin and Shu, but it has also brought a lot of hidden dangers to the Shu land of foreign invasion. Therefore, Lord Xiang also set up a stone as a gate on the pavilion road, guarding according to danger, to ensure the safety of Shudi, which was the predecessor of the Sword Gate Pass.
The Jihan court also set up the post of cabinet lieutenant to manage and maintain the Sword Pavilion Road to ensure its safety and smoothness. Huo Jun, who was deeply trusted by his ancestor Liu Bei, had taken on this heavy responsibility when he was serving as the Taishou of Zitong County.
Huo Jun
Huo Jun (178-217):
Zi Zhongmiao was a native of Zhijiang, Nan Commandery (南郡; present-day Zhijiang, Hubei). In the thirteenth year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (208), he led his troops to surrender to Liu Bei, and then followed Liu Bei into Shu and garrisoned the city of Yemeng, successfully resisting the attacks of Zhang Lu and Liu Zhang. After Liu Bei took over Shu, he divided Guanghan into Zitong Commandery (梓潼郡), and promoted him to Zitong Taishou (梓潼太守) and The General of Qi (裨). Jian'an died in the 22nd year (217) of the Eastern Han Dynasty and was buried in Chengdu.
At the end of the Ji Han Dynasty, the commander Jiang Wei guarded the Jianmen Guantun army at Jianmen, holding on to the danger to defend against Cao Wei's army of more than 100,000.
The Cao Wei commander Zhong Hui attacked head-on many times, but he was unable to attack. It was not until Deng Ai smuggled yinping road from the west, crossed the skyscraper, crossed the river oil pass, and forced Chengdu, and after the surrender of the lord Liu Chan, the Zhong Hui army was able to pass through the Jiange Road. It can be seen that the sword gate of "Zheng Rong and Cui Wei" does have the danger of "one husband and one husband should be closed, and all husbands cannot be opened". Even when Li Te, the founder of the Chenghan regime, came to Jianmen Pass, he lamented that it was difficult to cross the danger, and ridiculed Liu Chan for having such a dangerous terrain that he would even "tie his face to people", that is, to tie himself up and surrender to the enemy army, what a person with mediocre and inferior talents!
In the Tang Dynasty, the big sword town and small sword shu were set up in the territory of Jiange County, and the Sword Gate Pass was officially established again, which was one of the xiongguans in the world. During the Five Dynasties period, the Later Liang general Dong Zhang sent troops to guard Jianmen Pass, and built seven camps in the nearby Leishi Camp to consolidate the defense of Jianmen Pass. In the Song Dynasty, the government set up a military and horse capital here to manage the Sword Gate Pass. At the end of the Ming Hongwu period, Jianmen Pass was abolished; in the twenty-first year of Ming Jiajing (1542), Jianmen Pass was re-established, and a special official, Baihu, was set up to maintain and manage it. In the Qing Dynasty, Yi Cheng was set up to manage the Sword Gate Pass. In the early years of the Republic of China, Governor Zhang Zheng rebuilt jianmenguan and built barracks in guannei; in the seventh year of the Republic of China (1918), governor Wang Liang rebuilt jianmenguan. In 1935, when the Republic of China government built the Sichuan-Shaanxi Highway, because the highway passed through the gate, the Guanlou was demolished. In the long river of history, the Sword Gate Pass was abandoned from time to time, and finally became a relic of history.
The sword gate is closed to this appearance
Today's Jianmen Pass is a national 5A-level tourist attraction and a national key cultural relics protection unit. During the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Guanlou was destroyed. Today's Guanlou is restored and rebuilt on the original site of the Qing Dynasty Guanlou, and the style completely imitates the building of the Daiguanlou. The restored Guanlou is divided into three floors in total, the bottom floor is a masonry arched city gate hole, bluestone paving, the middle of the door is inlaid with the word "Sword Pavilion", which can accommodate several people and be included in the door; the second floor pavilion is the Arrow Tower, the door forehead hangs the "Tianxia Xiongguan" four-character plaque, the Arrow Tower is surrounded by access, can be patrolled, watched, shooting, the upper floor is equipped with a hope entrance, shooting holes; the top floor pavilion is a watchtower, "Chang'an under the eyes" four-character plaque hangs above the north gate, standing here, looking north at Chang'an, remembering the ambition of the Minister of "Xingfu Han Room, still in the old capital", I can't help but sigh.