Zongrong Art Museum Zongrong Art Museum
Recommended reading
On August 11, 2021, Mr. Ma Junhua, a famous scholar of literature and history in Linxia, returned to his life and died at the age of 77. Mr. Ma Junhua's "Modern Hezhou Storm" and other works are of great significance to the study of Linxia local history and ethnic history, and his departure has made future generations of scholars sigh. On the same day, The editor of Zongrong Art Museum, Dongyu, went to my husband's home on behalf of our museum to offer condolences. Another important contribution of Mr. Ma Junhua was that he became the principal of Linxia Muslim Middle School in 1999 and devoted himself to the cause of education in ethnic minority areas. Linxia Hui Middle School, founded in September 1953, is a provincial demonstration high school, and the founding principal is Mr. Ma Xiaorong. Mr. Ma Junhua, with respect for the scholars of his predecessors, wrote down the life of the old principal, Mr. Ma Xiaorong, so that Wen Da can appreciate the character and learning style of the national educators. The Si people have gone with the Xia River, and two generations of teachers have been in the world.
Mr. Ma Xiaorong
The first principal of Linxia Muslim Middle School - Ma Xiaorong
Ma Junhua | Wen Ma Xiaorong (1922-2003.1.8), Hui nationality, born in the eleventh year of the Republic of China (1922), a member of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, a native of Linxia City, a senior middle school teacher, a member of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, a deputy to the Sixth National Congress of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, a member of the Fifth Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee of Gansu Province, a director of the National and Gansu Provincial Ethnic Education Research Association, and a member and vice chairman of the Seventh Standing Committee of the Linxia Prefecture CPPCC.
Student years
In 1944, he graduated from the "private Yunting Middle School" high school. When Ma Xiaorong was a middle school student, he actively participated in the propaganda of anti-Japanese national salvation activities, leading his classmates to protect teachers who propagated revolutionary ideas from persecution by the authorities. After being admitted to the Department of Political Economy of lanzhou university law school in 1945, he contacted Linxia Zailan and established the "Xia Guang Society" with the purpose of carrying out academic research on Sangzi culture, and he was one of the leading members.
Ningxia posted
After graduating from university in 1948, he served in Ma Hongkui's army. Lanzhou was liberated on August 26, 1949. On September 1, Ma Hongkui flew from Ningxia to Chongqing. Before leaving, he handed over the military power to his son Ma Dunjing, who was then the commander of the Ningxia Corps. On September 19, Ma Dunjing threw off the mess in Ningxia, climbed into Xu Yongchang's plane, and fled to Chongqing without saying a word. On September 20, under the condition of troops approaching the city, senior generals of the 128th Army, Helan Army, eleventh Army, and the Security Division of the Provincial Security Command, led by Ma Quanliang, commander of the Helan Army, Lu Zhongliang, commander of the 128th Army, and Ma Guangzong, commander of the 11th Army, teleported Chairman Mao Zedong, Commander-in-Chief Zhu De, and Deputy Commander-in-Chief Peng Dehuai to revolt. Ma Xiaorong revolted with the army and became an insurgent.
Teachers teach
After liberation, the 28-year-old Ma Xiaorong returned to Linxia and joined the work force, working as a teacher at Linxia Normal School. He has taught many disciplines such as Chinese, English, history, philosophy, geography, political economy, etc., which fully demonstrates the strong intellectual quality of a veteran college student, trains many primary school teachers, and makes immortal contributions to the cause of Linxia education.
Supervision of labor
During the Cultural Revolution, he was treated unfairly in his experience in Ma Hongkui's troops in Ningxia, did not recognize him as an insurgent, and was designated as a "historical counter-revolutionary", dismissed from public office, sent back to his hometown, and supervised labor. After returning to his hometown, he was reformed through labor "under the supervision of the poor and lower-middle peasants" and suffered all kinds of hardships. He has been criticized, vegetables, dung, rack carts, and all kinds of hard work, but he still has firm faith and strong perseverance. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the crimes during the Cultural Revolution were rehabilitated, and he was reinstated as a public official and arranged to teach at Linxia Middle School. In November 1980, at the age of 59, Ma Xiaorong was appointed as the first principal of Linxia Muslim Middle School after it was brought under the administration of the state.
Back to the introduction
Linxia Huimin Middle School was developed on the basis of the original "Linxia Girls' Middle School". After liberation, Zhang Leshan, a celebrity of the Linxia Hui nationality, was appointed deputy director of the Military Control Commission, and in November 1949, he was appointed as the first deputy commissioner of the Linxia Commissioner's Office and the deputy director of the Land Reform Commission, the first member of the Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and was elected as a deputy to the first Provincial People's Congress. In 1951, Zhang Leshan, as the deputy head of the northwest minority delegation, visited Beijing, Tianjin and other places, and was received in Beijing by Chairman Mao Zedong, Premier Zhou Enlai, and Commander-in-Chief Zhu De. After returning, he devoted himself to the construction of his hometown and advocated the establishment of education, and in view of the backward reality of women's education, he proposed to set up a girls' junior high school in the Linxia Bafang area. In June 1953, a 19-member preparatory group was formed with Zhang Zhisheng (deputy commissioner) as the leader, Ma Qishan (chief of the cultural and educational section of the special office), La Xiaoshan (vice mayor), and He Shu'an (vice mayor) as the deputy team leader, and began to prepare for the construction and submitted a report to the provincial government. In August 1953, the Provincial Department of Education Secretary (943) document noticed that the 127th meeting of the provincial government approved the establishment of Linxia Girls' Junior High School, named "Linxia Girls' Junior High School of Gansu Province". Zhang Leshan was appointed as the principal, Yuan Jinrui and Zhang Shulan as the main and deputy teaching directors, and Shi Bingzhong as the general affairs director. So the use of Ma Buqing in the qianhe along the three manors, an area of 9.2 acres, 27 old houses as school buildings, the first enrollment of 1 class of 43 students, including 3 Hui, 1 Salar, 39 Han, the implementation of the three-year system.
In January 1968, Yang Zhongzhong, a representative of the "Zhizuo" military, was appointed director of the revolutionary committee of the school, and reported to the Lanzhou Military Region for approval, renaming the school "Linxia Dongfanghong Middle School". In October 1971, the school system was changed to a "two-, two" segmented system. In 1973, after Linxia City was transferred to Linxia County, the school was renamed "Linxia County No. 3 Middle School". In 1974, the school was renamed "Linxia County No. 3 Middle School", when Zhang Yaozu served as the secretary of the party branch and the director of the school revolutionary committee. In April 1979, it was renamed "Linxia County Muslim Middle School", with Chen Wanbao as the principal. In March 1980 Ma had trusted the principal.
During the period when Ma You trusted the principal, after reflection, application, and approval by the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture People's Government, the school was upgraded to a division-level unit, subordinate to the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture Government, separated from the management of the Linxia Municipal Government, and renamed "Gansu Linxia Huimin Middle School". On September 24, 1980, the Gansu Provincial Department of Education listed Linxia Middle School and Linxia Muslim Middle School as one of the 24 key middle schools in the province.
Back to the principal of the middle school
In November 1980, Ma Xiaorong, who was nearly a year old, was appointed as the principal of Linxia Huimin Middle School, and he was ordered to take up the burden of the principal of Linxia Muslim Middle School at a time of crisis. Because he was a member of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Party, Comrade Ma Jianmin, deputy director of the State Education Bureau, concurrently served as the secretary of the party branch of the school, and Meng Li and Zhao Junda served as vice principals. Soon, Ma Jianmin was appointed director of the Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture Education Bureau and secretary of the party group, and continued to serve as the secretary of the huizhong party branch until March 1986, when Ma Xiaorong stepped down, and Ma De'an served as the principal and secretary of the party branch. It can be said that the Huizhong leading body at that time was a group of "Kuomintang-Communist cooperation," composed of outstanding elements in the Communist Party and the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, and a "optimized combination." In the autumn of 1981, it was changed to "three and three systems". Ma Xiaorong's tenure as principal was a critical period after the "ten years of catastrophe" and everything was in ruins. Ethnic education, in particular, is at a low ebb. At the time, the statewide enrollment rate for primary school-age children was only 71. 9 per cent, girls' enrolment was only 58.08 per cent, and ethnic minority girls' enrolment was only 39.1 per cent. Linxia Muslim Middle School is located in Linxia Bafang, at that time, the illiteracy rate of residents here accounted for more than 55%, the score line for new students was very low, and almost no students were admitted to universities before the "Cultural Revolution". After Ma Xiaorong became the principal of Huizhong Middle School, he proceeded from reality, united and relied on all teachers, highlighted the key points, worked hard, paid close attention to quality, stressed efficiency, mobilized positive factors from all aspects, and worked hard to improve the quality of education. At the same time, we should strive to take the initiative, actively report the situation to our superiors, strive for funds, and improve the conditions for running schools. In October 1981, through Ma Xiaorong's many-way running and reporting, with the support of higher authorities, the Hequ Horse Farm Family Hospital under the jurisdiction of the Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture was transferred to the school, and the school site area was expanded by more than 7 mu, so that the school area reached 48 mu, which was 5 times larger than in the early days of the school. In November 1981, the school's first teaching building was completed and put into use, alleviating the tension of teaching rooms. With his efforts, the number of teaching instruments reached 1849, and the collection reached 22900 volumes. A new family home for teachers and workers was built, and 120 staff housing was built, with 1440 square meters, which solved the extreme difficulties of teachers' housing, which was a remarkable achievement in the 80s. By 1985, the number of students in the school reached 32 classes and 2,096 students, more than 6 times more than the beginning of the school. Ethnic minorities reached 1240 students, accounting for 59.2% of the total number of students. He often went deep into the classroom and the teaching and research group, personally grasped the quality of education, grasped the ideological education of students, and grasped the work of transforming students after entering the classroom. Under his leadership, through the hard work of teachers and students of the whole school, by the time of the 1985 college entrance examination, 34 of the 577 candidates were admitted to key universities, 120 were admitted to ordinary undergraduate and specialist colleges, and 182 were admitted to secondary schools, with a total admission rate of 58.2%, more than twice that of 1981, and the quality of education had made a historic breakthrough, making Linxia Huimin Middle School a very influential school in Linxia area. When Ma Xiaorong was the principal, he also personally substituted for the class, was a "liberal arts" teacher, and grasped work-study, ran a school and a factory, carried out welfare for the teaching staff, and mobilized everyone's enthusiasm for work. At that time, the school's basketball team and handball team were the main forces in the state, often representing Linxia Prefecture to play. Ma Xiaorong is not only an educator, but also an example of integrity and integrity. During his tenure as principal, he not only insisted on being diligent and thrifty in running the family and running the school diligently, but also was spotless and never touched the cheapness of the public family. On the contrary, they tried every means to find ways to seek the welfare of the teaching work. When Ma Xiaorong was the principal, the welfare office in Huizhong was the best, which was obvious to all. He sent Ma Chunxiao to the Gannan grassland to buy sheep at an affordable price, and sent Ma Ruhai to drive a large cart to Sichuan and other places to engage in drag and transportation, seeking the welfare of the teaching workers. In the middle of this, Ma Xiaorong himself did not seek selfish interests. Ma Xiaorong's fate in his life was uncertain, and the most creative prime-age era in his life was deeply tormented by family origins and other issues, and he was snubbed, but when he was poor, he was good at his own, but when he was poor, he repaid his grievances with virtue and helped the world, especially emphasizing and practicing the ideas of national unity, party and mass unity, comrade unity, teacher unity, and classmate unity. In his educational practice, Ma Xiaorong insists on teaching without class and love without boundaries. A Han student, because of his family difficulties and unable to afford to go to school, entered a temple and became a monk. After Principal Ma learned about it, He sent Teacher Lu Jiazhi and several Han teachers to the temple to do the ideological work of the temple manager and the student, took the student back to the school, and helped him solve the financial difficulties. Later, the student was admitted to university after graduation and became a teacher after graduation. Now a good teacher. In his speech, Ding Shibao not only remembered the deeds of Mr. Ma Xiaorong as his neighbor, interacted with him, and the past of the ming Dynasty Linxia Bingbu Shangshu Wang Hu's research and advocacy research.
River State Secondary School
In March 1986, at the age of 64, Ma Xiaorong stepped down from office and retired due to age problems. After his retirement, he was appointed vice chairman of the State Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference as the chairman of the Linxia City Committee of the "Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee". With the support of Yuan Yun, chairman of the Yuanzhou CppcC Committee, he continued to exert his residual heat and founded "Hezhou Middle School". In the case of "three noes" with no funds, no school buildings, and no teachers, we overcame various difficulties to provide opportunities for students who failed the Linxia college entrance examination to participate in the college entrance examination again, so that many students who failed to be listed were admitted to universities. He is also employed by the Honorary Principal of the Parent School of Qianheyan Primary School, and regularly gives lectures to parents and advises them on running the school well. Ma Xiaorong's family of three generations and four people engaged in education, was awarded the title of "Teacher Family" by the provincial government, and is an influential and contributing teacher of the older generation in Linxia area, and has been praised by the government and the people.
Supervise inspections
Mr. Ma Xiaorong, there are many students who have taught, and there are many students in leadership positions. Because he usually loves students, respects students, and supports students, he has established a deep relationship with students. From 1990 to 1992, retired Ma Xiaorong, Ma Jianmin, Ma Youxin and other educators of the older generation were organized by the State Education Bureau to conduct supervision and inspection in the first middle school and state-level schools in each county. They went to every county, or every school, whether it was the county leaders or the school leaders, almost all of them were their students, they were very respectful and enthusiastic, they all expressed admiration for the assessments they made and the questions they raised, and they thought that what they said was accurate, sought truth from facts, and actively corrected, so that the supervision promoted secondary education in the whole state quite a lot.
History of River State
Ma Xiaorong was not only an educator, but also a historian, after retiring, after six years of hard work, five drafts, and a lot of painstaking efforts, he wrote "History of Hezhou" in 1992 at the age of 72, which was published as an album by the State CPPCC in the 8th series of "Selected Literature and History Materials of Linxia". The book comprehensively introduces the history of the Linxia area from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the founding of New China for more than 3,000 years. A comprehensive introduction to the politics, economy, military, culture, education, ethnicity, religion, customs, etiquette and customs of each period. The major historical events that occurred in Linxia were objectively and realistically described. "History of Hezhou" is a good local textbook to help people understand Linxia, so as to love Linxia and the motherland. He also studied the customs and religion of Linxia and wrote "Gongbei Architecture of Linxia Kingdom", which was published in the Evening Magazine of Nationalities Daily on November 4, 2002. In July 1997, Ma Xiaorong composed the poem "Ode to Wang Shangshu": Hezhou has been heroic since ancient times, and Shang Shu merit is high. The hoe stood up and shook the universe, and the royal insult struggled to stretch his chest. Save the people's water and fire tree monuments, and admonish relatives to make folk songs. Send a message to future generations bravely climbing, and crossing the rivers and waves throughout the ages. Enthusiastically praised Wang Shangshu's historical merits and the spirit of educating people.
Return to the truth
On January 8, 2003, Ma Xiaorong died at home due to illness at the age of 81. Ma Xiaorong devoted his life's energy to Linxia's education. Whether in teaching posts or principal posts, they have conscientiously implemented the education policy, studied and explored educational theories, practiced educational theories, and accumulated a large amount of experience and educational theories in connection with the actual conditions of Linxia's ethnic minority areas in terms of improving the quality of education, improving students' ideological education, and transforming students' thinking, which is a rare legacy in the history of Linxia education. He is the most famous educator and scholar since the liberation of Linxia, a good principal, a good teacher, and a good leader. For the educational cause of Linxia, many talents of all nationalities have been trained, and the people of Linxia will not forget him.
Author Profile
Ma Junhua, a native of Guanghe County, Gansu Province, graduated from the History Department of Lanzhou University. He has served as a history teacher, teaching director and principal in Guanghe No. 1 Middle School, No. 3 Middle School and No. 4 Middle School, director of the Linxia Prefecture Education Bureau, and member of the Standing Committee of the Sixth Linxia Prefecture CPPCC Committee. In 1999, he became the principal of Linxia Muslim Middle School. He is an academic advisor of the Qijia Cultural Research Association of Gansu Province. He is the author of monographs such as "Modern Hezhou Storm", "Guanghema Family Tree", "Xia Yu's Footprints in Linxia", "Changes in the Ancient City of Hezhou", etc., and unpublished manuscripts such as "Ancient History of Hezhou" and "Modern History of Hezhou". He died in Linxia on August 11, 2021 at the age of 77.
Express yourself END cares for others
Editor-in-Chief| Po Shi The editor of this issue | rest in peace