Author: Lan Yan also fell into the city
The Northwest Field Army (later Yiye) led by Peng Dehuai was the Ma Family Army except for Hu Zongnan. Ma Jiajun was also divided into Qingma and Ningma, and Qingma mainly referred to Ma Bufang, who was ferocious and stubborn, and once brutally killed our Western Expedition Red Army. For Qingma, of course, it is resolute to eliminate it, "it is advisable to chase Yu Yong after the poor Kou", and not let go of any of them.
Ma Hongkui of Ningma was a typical local warlord. He is more honest and has no ambition, and only wants to keep his acre and three points of land. Jiang Shi ordered him several times to send troops to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, but he was able to drag on and delay, even if he sent troops, it was just a show.
In September 1949, after Peng Dehuai completely solved Qingma, he immediately ordered Yang Dezhi to lead the 19th Corps and march to Ningxia in three ways. At this time, Ma Hongkui had prepared for the worst. He transferred all his property to Hong Kong and Taiwan, appointed his second son Ma Dunjing as commander, and ran to Chongqing to hide himself.
Although Lao Ma was not optimistic about his son, Ma Dunjing did not think so. It was hard for him to take the reins of power in Ningxia, and he had to show it well.
He laid out three lines of defense along the Yellow River: the first was guarded by the 20th Regiment of Cavalry; the first was guarded by the 81st Army of his uncle Ma Hongbin; and the 1st Brigade of the newly formed Cavalry was guarded by Jingtai. The second route was defended by the Helan Army, and the main force of the 81st Army was defended by the Center Guard. The third road was defended by the 128th Army, and the 11th Army was defended by Lingwu. If all three lines of defense were lost, he would make a desperate move, blowing up the Yellow River and flooding the three armies. After the arrangement, Ma Dunjing breathed a long sigh of relief. In the past, Chiang Kai-shek blew up the Yellow River to block the Japanese attack, and later there was Ma Dunjing's bombing of the Yellow River flooding the People's Liberation Army. At the moment, he even felt that he was really a genius. Zhang Qinwu, the brigade commander of the 1st Brigade of the newly formed cavalry guarding Jingtai, had no intention of resisting at all, and his brigade actually had more than 1,000 people. When the two regiments of the 188th Division of the 63rd Army of the 19th Corps Left Route Army surrounded Jingtai by land and water, he and the chief of staff together, or the uprising, it is important to save their lives.
On September 15, Zhang Qinwu led the entire uprising of the newly formed 1st Cavalry Brigade. The 188th Division advanced to the center guard of Ma Hongbin's 81st Army. At the same time, the 63rd Army (owed to the 188th Division) and the 65th Army in the middle of our army marched westward from Lanzhou and Dingxi. On September 16, the 561st Regiment of the 187th Division of our 63rd Army suddenly appeared in Zaolinzi on the south bank of the Yellow River, and the 881st Regiment of the defending 81st Army was disarmed before it could resist. When the enemy 103rd Regiment fled backwards, it was also intercepted and completely annihilated by the 561st Regiment of our army.
The 64th Army on the right side of our army was equipped with a regimental howitzer regiment and a combat convoy, and commanded the independent 1st and 2nd Divisions of the Northwest Military Region to advance north along the Xiyin Highway. On the 12th, Tongxin County was liberated, and on the 14th, Zhongning County was liberated. At this point, the first line of defense carefully planned by Ma Dunjing was completely broken by our army.
In order to disintegrate ma jiajun as soon as possible, long before marching into Ningxia, Yang Dezhi sent the enlightened ma mingsan to negotiate with Ma Hongbin, who sent his son Ma Xiaojing to the appointment.
After the meeting, Ma Mingsan said bluntly: "Commander Ma, I was sent by the People's Liberation Army. With no other meaning, the PLA side hopes that the 81st Army will quickly revolt and contribute to the liberation of Ningxia. If you feel embarrassed, you can not revolt, but you must not stop it when the People's Liberation Army marches toward Ningxia. Although Ma Hongjing's father and son had long been unable to get along with Ma Hongluo, given that Ma Hongluo's strength was much stronger than theirs, he did not dare to make a clear statement. He only said a vague sentence: "Please tell the PLA that the 81st Army is not an opponent of the PLA, please rest assured." The implication is that although the Platon Army has come, the 81st Army will never hinder the major affairs of the PLA.
After Ma Weijing returned, he reported to his father. Ma Hongbin said: "Jing'er, the current situation is complicated, and we must not act rashly. Our uprising is certain, but we must wait until the People's Liberation Army comes. ”
Seeing that the first line of defense was quickly broken by Yang Dezhi, he also ate two of his regiments at once, but did not pursue the other fleeing troops. "Yang Dezhi is waiting for me!" Ma Hongbin said to himself. He immediately consulted with another master and faction, the military commander Ma Quanliang, and wanted to invite him to join the uprising.
Ma Quanliang had long felt that this battle had not started, but his family members were in the hands of Ma Dunjing in Yinchuan, and he really did not dare to gamble with the lives of the family.
Ma Quanliang said with a look of shame: "Deputy Commander, I am really sorry, I am just a military commander of the Helan Army, such a big thing, I really dare not make the decision." You may wish to go to Yinchuan to find the commander (referring to Ma Dunjing), the commander is your nephew, he will listen to you. As long as he says a word, anything is easy to do. Ma Quanliang reminded Ma Hongbin with a word. Now that Ma Hongkui is gone, he is the supreme head of the Ma family in Ningxia, and he decided to try it with his parental authority.
Ma Hongbin rushed to Yinchuan and said to Ma Dunjing: "Now that the People's Liberation Army is about to reach its home, Jing'er is fighting with the 81st Army, but the momentum of the People's Liberation Army is too fierce to resist at all." If you continue to fight like this, you will only die more people. ”
"So what do you say?" Ma Dun asked quietly. "Peaceful settlement!" Ma Hongbin said loudly. "You mean the uprising surrendered?" Ma Dunjing asked with wide eyes, and Ma Hongbin nodded. "Absolutely not!" Ma Dun sat up quietly: "My Ada (referring to Ma Hongkui) is still in Chongqing, and if he surrenders, he will be in danger." ”
"No, it won't." Ma Hongbin took a few steps forward and said: "We said that the People's Liberation Army had already entered, and the troops could not resist at all. Besides, our Ma family's persistence in the end can be regarded as worthy of Jiang. At this last moment it is time to think for ourselves. Are you going to push those living brothers under you to death? What's the point? The General Trend of the Kuomintang has gone, and there is no point in it! Ma Hongbin argued with reason, and the green tendons on his forehead also jumped up. Ma Dunjing said very stubbornly, "Uncle, I said that I would not surrender to anything." Even if it is to fight to the last person, the last gun, I Ma Dunjing will never surrender! Ma Hongbin had no choice but to leave silently. On September 18, Ma Weijing, commander of the 81st Army, negotiated with Zeng Siyu, commander of the 64th Army, plenipotentiary of the 19th Corps of the People's Liberation Army, and the 81st Army peacefully revolted. According to the order, the 81st Army was reorganized into the Independent 2nd Army of the Northwest Military Region of the People's Liberation Army, with Ma Weijing as the commander and Zhen Hua as the political commissar. When the 81st Army revolted, Ma Dunjing's three lines of defense completely collapsed, and Yang Dezhi could use the gap made by the 81st Army to drive straight along the Yellow River and directly attack Yinchuan.
Ma Dun quietly and despondently ordered the Helan Army (underpaid to the 1st Bao'an Division) and the 11th Army to withdraw completely to the Yinchuan and Ningwu areas; the 128th Army headquarters and the 256th Division were stationed in Lingwu County, the 3rd Security Division was stationed at Wuzhongbao, the 356th Division and the 20th Cavalry Brigade were stationed in the area south and east of Jinji, and the 1st Security Division was stationed in the area west of Jinji. Just in the decisive battle between Jin Ji and Lingwu and the communist army, the decisive battle is not won, and the Yellow River will be dug up! At the headquarters of the 19th Corps, commander Yang Dezhi and political commissar Li Zhimin had just received a telegram from the chairman from Peng Dehuai, who demanded that they disarm Ma Hongda as much as possible and not reorganize it. This means that Ma Dunjing must be solved by fighting.
"Old Li, Ma Dunjing has shrunk all his troops to the Jinji and Lingwu fronts, which are not more than a hundred miles away from Yinchuan, with steep mountains and many roads, the Yellow River on the left and the Great Wall on the right, and he wants to use this narrow area to fight with us to the end." It seems that if ningxia is to be taken, there will be a few more vicious battles! Yang Dezhi put his hands in his pockets and paced back and forth in the headquarters.
Li Zhimin smiled and said, "I can't see that Ma Hongbin's father and son led the uprising, which cannot but be said to be a major blow to Ma Dunjing's department." After hearing that Ma Weijing had returned to announce the uprising, the officers and men of the unit all cheered and rejoiced. This shows the basic mentality of the Ningxia Army at present: war weariness. Although it is said that dogs will jump the wall when they are anxious, and Ma Dunjing will jump, his subordinates will not necessarily jump. As long as we fight one or two more victorious battles, even if it is a small victory, it is entirely possible to disintegrate Ma Dunjing's troops. ”
"Therefore, the most urgent thing is to step up the attack and not let Ma Dunjing have the slightest chance to breathe!" Yang Dezhi decisively ordered the first elimination of the enemy's main force, the 128th Army, in the Jinji and Lingwu areas. Attacking Jinji and Lingwu was the 64th Army of our army, with organic battalions and tank fighting teams, and also together with the 195th Division, the Independent 1st Division, and the Independent 2nd Division, a total of more than 50,000 people.
Ma Hongbin's father and son led the 81st Army to revolt, which was definitely a huge blow to the Ningma defenders. Just as Li Zhimin analyzed, none of the officers and men of the Ningma unit wanted to fight this meaningless war anymore. Ma Dunhou, the senior young master who served as the commander of the cavalry division, took the lead in leaving, and Ma Dunjing also quietly flew away in the early morning of the 19th.
The 19th Corps pressed forward step by step, first capturing Niushou Mountain, the natural barrier of Jinji and Lingwu, and then taking the Mouth of QingtongXia and approaching the outskirts of Jinji County.
He Xiaoting, deputy commander of the 128th Army defending Jinji, hurriedly walked back and forth on the Yellow River embankment. Blowing up the embankment to release water was Ma Dunjing's death order, and now he was considering whether to carry out this order.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Chiang Kai-shek blew up a dike at the mouth of the Yellow River Garden to block the advance of the Japanese army, although it delayed the Japanese attack, it also displaced hundreds of people, and their wives and children were scattered, causing a tragic tragedy in the world. Now blowing up the embankment and releasing water is to fight a civil war, and if you do this yourself, won't you become a sinner for eternity?
But the situation became more and more urgent, and the PLA troops pounced like a tide. He Xiaoting closed his eyes and ordered the embankment to be blown up. With a few loud noises, the Yellow River levee was blasted into a gap several inches wide, and the water of the Yellow River rushed out. The first to discover the water of the Yellow River was my 190th Division, and the division commander Chen Zhongxin was shocked: "He Xiaoting blew up the Yellow River, first plug the gap and then hit the gold accumulation!" "The water kept spreading, and an ocean immediately formed at the gap. Fortunately, when our troops arrived, the Yellow River levee did not collapse. After some intense work of plugging leaks by the soldiers of our army, the breach was quickly blocked. The 190th Division besieged the small Jinji City for two days, and He Xiaoting really couldn't stand it, so he sent people out to seek peace on the 21st, and Jinji declared liberation. Immediately afterward, the 192nd Division successfully invaded Lingwu City, capturing more than 800 enemy soldiers, and Lingwu was also liberated.
Seeing that the general situation was gone, Lu Zhongliang, commander of the 128th Army, gathered Ma Quanliang, commander of the Helan Army, and Ma Yingcai, commander of the 11th Army, together and said to them: "When the PLA soldiers came to the city, Chairman Ma was gone, the Grand Young Master (Ma Dunhou) was gone, and even the commander (referring to Ma Dunjing) was gone. I'm ready for an uprising! ”
Ma Quanliang and Ma Yingyi were stunned: "What, the commander also ran?" ”
Lu Zhongliang was surprised: "What, you don't know yet?" ”
"We've been fighting on the front lines, how do we know?" Ma Yingcai said angrily. Ma Quanliang said, "Since all the heads have run out, what else is there to say, uprising!"
On September 23, 1949, the Ningxia military and political representatives signed the "Agreement on the Peaceful Settlement of the Ningxia Problem" with Yang Dezhi and Li Zhiming, commanders of the 19th Corps. At this point, Ningxia was liberated, and this ancient land gained a new life.
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