Shinnobu
Xiao Jinzhi (Miao Ruiling), a native of Wei County, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province. In history, Wei County was under the jurisdiction of Datong Province in both the Ming and Qing dynasties, as well as the Liao, Jin, and Yuan dynasties. At the age of 11, he worshiped Zi Dusheng (Yang Dengke) in Zhangjiakou as a teacher, Gong Xiaodan. In the early Qing Dynasty, the Zhangjiakou area was monopolized by the merchants of the Central Jin Dynasty, and the merchants of Zhangjiakou were all Merchants of the Central Jin, so Zhangjiakou became the most developed area in the Middle Road except for the Central Jin region.
Zi Dusheng sat in the doll class in Taigu County, Shanxi, and got his stage name for acting in "Zi Du". According to an unwritten custom in the middle of the road, artists from the Jinzhong region generally have to go to Zhangjiakou to perform, and then return to the Jinzhong area after singing red. At this time, the artists are naturally worth a hundred times, and the classes compete for employment, and the audience gladly accepts.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic, Jin merchants were all over the world, and most of the financial circles, pawn shops, and business circles in large and medium-sized cities across the country were controlled by rich merchants in the Jinzhong region, and people called them "Qi Tai Slip Zi", Qi is Qi County, and Tai is Tai Gu Gu. Therefore, in this period, the Zhongluzi opera class toured large and medium-sized cities across the country and had a foothold.
During the Qing Dynasty, among the Shanxi merchants in Beijing, there was a string of words circulating: "Three lamps entered Beijing, the trader went crazy, and before he resigned from the place (asking the boss for leave), he went to see "The Palace of the Vatican King"." The three lamps are the master of zizi opera, wang lai. This string of words is how the Shanxi people scattered throughout the country love their hometown drama, and it seems that the economic foundation is always the first.
In the early years of the Republic of China, Zi Dusheng (Yang Dengke) performed in the "Daxing Garden" in Zhangjiakou. During his career in the arts, he recruited a group of disciples ranked as "Xiao Jin", such as Xiao Jin Chan, Xiao Jin Mei, Xiao Jin Zhi, Xiao Jin Feng, etc. It is on a par with a group of disciples ranked "Xiao Gui" recruited by the famous artist Xiao Jixian (Zhang Baomei) in Zhangjiakou at the same time, such as Ji Xiao Gui Tao, Xiao Guilin, Xiao Gui Lian, etc. These two groups of disciples later became famous top actors in the Shanxi Jin opera circle. Among them, especially Xiao Guitao (Yang Danqing), Xiao Jinmei and Xiao Jinzhi are the most. Xiao Gui Peach and Ding Guo Xian are equally famous, known as: a fruit, a peach, is the representative artist of the Middle Road Zi Qingyi and Xu Shengxing.
The sisters Ofs Shinobu Jinmei and Shinobu Jinzhi are more famous in Sanjin, Pingjin and other places, and are representative artists of the Middle Road yu Xiaodan and Daoma Dan. After Shinobu learned the art, under the strict training of his teacher, Xiao Dan and DaoMa could work. After leaving the school, that is, the class set foot in Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin and other places, all of which have won the favor of the audience, she and her sister Xiao Jinmei's "Double-headed Donkey", double singing and double doing, pearls and pearls, popular. When he performed in the Jinzhong area, he became popular with his sister Xiao Jinmei and became two pearls in the middle road art field. Shinobu is all-powerful in literature and martial arts, and has certain characteristics in singing and playing. Kung Fu drama, ShengDan children's play, and knife and horse are particularly prominent, and their representatives are "Shuangzhen Mountain", "Seven Star Temple", "Hidden Boat", "You Garden", "Hongxiaguan" and so on.
In 1951, Shinnobu came to Datong and joined the newly established Japanese New Theater Troupe, and held the leadership position of the troupe for a long time, making great contributions to the theater culture cause of Datong, and then died in the special period of the 1960s.
Jia Guilin
Jia Guilin, stage name XiaoDian, born in 1916, Datong Kouquan Diao Wo Zui people, his father is a kiln black son who went down the mine to carry coal, and wrote a contract at the age of 9. The contract reads: "Throw yourself into the cliff and run to the well, the wolf eats the dog, takes poison and hangs himself, escapes and disappears, and has nothing to do with the master." His teacher Yang San, surnamed Datongren, Gong Qingyi, was later reborn as a horn, and finally Gong Lao Dan, with the stage name "SanLao Dan", has a certain reputation in the Datong opera circle.
Yang San's surname is serious, the teaching requirements are extremely strict and meticulous, meticulous, and there is an effective method in teaching, which has left a profound impact on Jia Guilin's life. At the age of 10, Jia Guilin began to sing hats on stage, that is, the mat scene in front of the main play. In 1928, Yang San took Jia Guilin and her sister-in-law, and later became a well-known Qingyi "Xingxing Xue" (Ma Guiyun) in North Road, to perform in the five counties of Erzhou in yanmen guannan. Jia Guilin became popular because of this, and people gave the stage name "Small Electric Lamp".
In 1931, that is, with the famous Qingyi two winds together to perform together, the singing voice of the two winds had a great influence on Jia Guilin, and in the singing voice that people later called "Jia Pai", there were traces of the singing voice of the two winds. Jia Guilin was also taught by Sixteen Red (Jiao Shengyu), who instructed her in plays such as "Killing the Building", "Famen Temple", and "Jade Tiger Fall".
After 1934, Jia Guilin, who was already artistically mature, took the lead and organized the class himself. In 1937, when the Dongying people invaded Shanxi, Jia Guilin, who was in the state of the peak of art, lived in seclusion in Zhangjiakou and became an ordinary housewife. In 1954, Jia Guilin made a comeback to join the Xinxian District North Road Zizi Regiment. Its representative plays are "Wang Baojun", "Jinshui Bridge", "Blood Handprint", "Li Sanniang" and so on. Jia Guilin is one of the main representative artists of the North Road sub-genre "Daizhou Road". Although he is a Datong person and learns art in Datong, his artistic style is obviously different from Datong's genre style "Yunzhou Dao". Its singing is both tall and thin, and the pie is beautiful.
In 1980, Jia Guilin starred in the north road zizi color opera film "QuanshuiQiao", playing the silver screen princess, making outstanding contributions to the development of the north road zizi art. Hou Baolin, a master of cross-talk art, wrote an article for this purpose: A thousand lamps, ten thousand lamps, and a few small electric lamps. In 1982, in order to commend Jia Guilin's contribution to the prosperity and development of Beiluzi, the Provincial Department of Culture and several other units held a commemorative activity for the 50th anniversary of Jia Guilin's stage career in Xinzhou. In the summer of 1993, Jia Guilin died of illness in Xinzhou City.