The heavy rainstorm of July 20 in Henan caused an accident on Zhengzhou Metro Line 5, killing 14 people, and Sha Tao was one of them.
Sha Tao, male, is 180 cm tall and weighs 70 kg.
Sand Waves
At 6 p.m. on the 20th, he disappeared (he took the subway home from work at the time), and on the evening of the 26th, Sha Tao's wife confirmed his death at the funeral home. Before the death, Sha Tao's wife posted on the Internet that her husband was missing, and said that her husband was physically strong and should be able to survive the difficulties. At that time, I didn't think much of it when I saw the post, thinking that the rescue team could quickly rescue the people trapped in the subway, but the damage caused by the torrential rain was beyond imagination, and the rescue became extremely difficult.
Entrance to Metro Line 5
Because he was trapped for six days, Sha Tao's death was also expected. It is generally believed that a person can only survive for 3-4 days without eating or drinking, and can last for about seven days in the case of only water, of course, this is also the general conclusion of modern biology after understanding the various functions of the human body, and it is not very rigorous and reliable (it is impossible to use people to do experiments in reality). Moreover, the subway station has been fully flooded, and most of the trapped people are immersed in the water, resulting in a drop in body temperature and further deteriorating the physical condition.
The three major energy substances of the human body are sugars, fats and proteins, of which sugars are the most important energy substances in the human body, followed by fats and proteins, in the absence of external organic matter intake, the order of consumption of these three types of energy substances is generally sugar → fats → proteins (but this does not mean that they strictly abide by this order, in the process of life activities are consumed of both).
One. saccharide
Sugars are the main energy substances in the human body. Carbohydrate molecules are composed of C, H, O three elements, most of the carbohydrate molecules hydrogen, oxygen atom ratio of 2: 1, similar to water molecules, so sugars are also called carbohydrates.
Sugars can be broadly divided into monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.
Monosaccharide (C6H12O6)
Monosaccharides cannot be hydrolyzed (sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed are monosaccharides), glucose is a simple sugar, which can be directly absorbed by cells and is the main energy substance required for cell life activities, so glucose is also called "fuel for life". When people suffer from acute enteritis, they are generally treated with intravenous infusion, and the infusion component contains glucose. Common monosaccharides are fructose, galactose, ribose, and deoxyribose.
Disaccharide (C12H22O11)
Common disaccharides are sucrose, of which white sugar, rock sugar, brown sugar, etc. are processed by sucrose, and it can be seen from the molecular formula that disaccharides are dehydrated and condensed by two monosaccharides, so disaccharides need to be hydrolyzed into monosaccharides to be absorbed by cells. Common disaccharides are also maltose and lactose, the former is abundant in cereals, and the latter is higher in the milk of humans and animals.
Polysaccharides ((C6H10O5)n)
Most of the sugars in living organisms exist in the form of polysaccharides, and starch is the most common sugar, which is only found in plants. Green plants produce organic matter (such as starch) through photosynthesis, and the seeds of rice, wheat, and corn contain a lot of starch; starch is also widely present in the roots and stems of plant metamorphism (such as potatoes, sweet potatoes).
In addition, starch is difficult to dissolve in water and must be broken down into glucose to be absorbed and utilized by cells. After ingesting starch, people or animals decompose it into glucose, which can synthesize a polysaccharide in the animal's body - glycogen, glycogen is mainly found in the muscles and livers of animals, and is the energy storage substance of human and animal cells. When the life activities of cells consume energy, the content of glucose in the blood of humans and animals will be lower than normal, and then glycogen will continue to decompose into glucose to maintain a reasonable range of blood glucose values.
Two. protein
Protein is the substance with the most content in the organic matter of the constituent cells, and all life activities are inseparable from protein, and protein is the main bearer of life activities. Protein is abundant in meat, egg, milk and soybean products, and must be digested and decomposed into amino acids after ingestion before it can be absorbed and utilized by cells.
Amino acids are the basic units that make up proteins, and there are about 20 types of amino acids that make up proteins in living organisms.
Amino acids in the human body can also be divided into essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids, which must be synthesized by human cells (8 kinds of adults, 9 kinds of infants), which must be obtained from the outside world; non-essential amino acids (12 kinds) can be synthesized by human cells.
List of amino acids
Because proteins are macromolecular substances formed by the dehydration and condensation of amino acid molecules, and because there are many types of amino acids, the number of amino acids in their proteins can be more or less, the sorting order is diverse, and the spatial structure is complex, so it is estimated that the types of proteins in the biological world are 10^10-10^12 (that is, 10 billion to 1 trillion), which constitute various structures of cells and organisms, and perform their respective life functions.
Protein-rich foods
Many substances in the human body are proteins, such as hair, muscles, most enzymes, some hormones and antibodies, etc., which can play a role in information transmission, catalyze the chemical reaction of life activities in cells, and enhance human immunity.
Therefore, protein is the main bearer of life activities.
Three. fat
Fat is the most common lipid, similar to sugars, the constituent elements of fat are also C, H, O, but the proportion of carbon and hydrogen in fat is large, oxidative decomposition can release more energy (one gram of glycogen oxidation releases 17,000 joules of energy, and the same weight of fat can release 39,000 joules of energy).
Fat is not only a good energy storage substance for cells, the thick fat layer under the skin of the animal can also play a role in heat preservation, and the fat distributed around the internal organs also has the effect of buffering and reducing pressure, the greatest degree of protection of internal organs from damage.
Obviously, man's ability to "starve" is not outstanding, but there are many animals in nature that can show strong vitality in the absence of food.
Camels known as the "Desert Boat" can endure 8 days without drinking water (it is said that some camels can endure half a month without drinking water), huge humps can store dozens of kilograms of fat, which will decompose into water and required nutrients in the case of extreme water shortage and food; camels can drink dozens or hundreds of liters of water in a short period of time in case of emergency.
After the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake, the rescue team rescued a pig in the ruins, which was later called "pig strong", from the earthquake to the rescue of a full 36 days, it is said that its weight dropped from 300 pounds to 100 pounds, which also proved that the vitality of the pig is very tenacious. The rescued pig Wasqiang was adopted by the Jianchuan Museum and died on June 16, 2021.
Cockroaches as we know them are also very tenacious, and some people even think that even if humans disappear from the world, cockroaches still survive on the earth. This creature, which has survived on the earth for more than 200 million years, has continued to survive the catastrophe of the extinction of the dinosaurs, which shows that it is indeed worthy of the title of "little strong who can't die". Cockroaches can survive for about a week without a head, and some people have done experiments, and some cockroaches can survive for about 40 days when they can only rely on their own excrement.
After, for example, a python devours a small mammal (e.g., antelope), it can take 1-3 months to digest its prey (during which time it does not need to eat). Japanese scientists once did a snake starvation experiment, after feeding a yellow-green soldering iron head snake, they no longer fed it, this snake stubbornly insisted on a year and nine months, properly starving the world to carry the handle...
Many animals have evolved an extraordinary ability to starve, because it will be more conducive to the survival of individuals, which is also part of natural selection. As the most intelligent animal on the planet, human beings can survive even if the skill of starvation does not need to be too prominent.
Finally, I would like to ask you a question, if you are in a primeval forest far away from human civilization, and you want to survive better, you can only carry one item, what will you choose? Welcome to leave a message in the comment area!
The pictures in the article come from the Internet, if there is infringement, please contact and delete it in time.