Source: The book "Those Who Become Great Things Don't Tangle"
Zhang Tingyu, a native of Tongcheng, Anhui, was a scholar of the Kangxi Dynasty, a scholar of the Kangxi Dynasty. When he was a child, he had a family history; after becoming an official, there was also an old father who pointed out how to play the politics of the court every day; he himself was very gifted, calm and calm, and at a glance, he had the appearance of a subject, almost a seed of prime minister tailored for the Qing Dynasty, and the good opportunity was reserved for such people.
When Zhang Tingyu was 33 years old, he was appreciated by the Kangxi Emperor and "served zhinan study" on his orders. In fact, Zhang Tingyu's official position in the Kangxi Dynasty was not large, and the highest was only to the position of waiter, equivalent to the current deputy ministerial-level official, and his real flying Huang Tengda was when Yongzheng Ye was in power.
Yongzheng Dynasty, "worthy of the honor of taimiao"
In the first year of Yongzheng's reign, he found that Zhang Tingyu was a very capable person, so he promoted him to be the rebbe Shangshu of the Rebbe at the level of the main minister, but did not let him go to work in the Rebbe, but stayed by his side to "temporarily serve the government". Therefore, Zhang Tingyu has been yongzheng's grand secretary for 13 years in the Yongzheng Dynasty.
Later, Zhang Tingyu's officials became very big, such as the chief military minister, a scholar of the Bohol Temple, and the official was hung in front of the prince Taibao, who was also in charge of the official department and the household department. The bureaucracy and the household department have the highest status among the six ministries - the official in charge of personnel, and the household department in charge of finance and financial power. That is to say, the two most core powers of people and money are in the hands of Zhang Tingyu.
Zhang Tingyu and Yongzheng's personal relationship is also very good. Of course, the emperor of the Qing Dynasty had a tradition of liking to put on a show, and Yongzheng often created some very dramatic scenes for historians and close courtiers to spread out, creating a "good story" one after another.
In the fifth year of Yongzheng (1727), once Zhang Tingyu fell ill and took a few days off. The Yongzheng Emperor said to the attendants around him, "My arm hurts these two days. The attendant asked why, and the Yongzheng Emperor said, "Why does my arm hurt?" Because Zhang Tingyu is my right and left arm, he is sick now, so I feel pain in my arm. "This incident gave birth to a script, which was spread everywhere, meaning that the monarch and the subject were compatible.
In the eleventh year of Yongzheng (1733), Zhang Tingyu took a leave of absence to return to his hometown and relatives, and he had to walk for several months from Beijing to Tongcheng Road in Anhui. The Yongzheng Emperor thought he couldn't think of it, so he used the penmanship of writing love letters to give him the Holy Will:
In the eleven years since he ascended the throne, the ministers in the court have not been separated for a day, but the secretary is the only one, a righteous monarch, and a friend. Now that there is more than a month apart, it is inevitable that I will miss it every time, but I will not be able to leave my steps for the time being.
Probably means that we have been with each other for 11 years, and there has not been a single day of separation, and now that the Qing family has gone far, my heart is tight!
This is also a good story made by the emperor for the outer court to see.
Although Yongzheng is a famous cruel and bad waiter in history, he does have a little temperament, likes to do everything in his power, good to do well, bad is eager to cut you off with a knife. In the Yongzheng Dynasty, there were only two remaining ministers, one was Ortai and the other was Zhang Tingyu.
The same was true between the Yongzheng Emperor and Ortai. Once he said to someone else, "Sometimes I am not as confident as I believe in ortai." "It means that I believe in him better than I believe in myself. The Yongzheng Emperor was such a character. When he was dying, he looked at these two babies on the side of the bed, how to see how to love, all said good friends for a lifetime, but this life is also at the end, how can it be eternal? He thought of a trick, and before he died, he issued a will, saying that Ertai and Zhang Tingyu were "worthy of the Taimiao Temple" after their deaths.
"Worthy of the Taimiao Temple" was the highest honor of the people at that time, that is, after death, they could also make a tablet and place it next to the god of the Emperor's ancestors in the Taimiao Temple. This means that when the later emperors went to the Taimiao Temple to kowtow to their ancestors, they also knelt down for them. If a subject can enjoy such an honor, then what is the return?
Holy family does not fade, look at the real skill
Zhang Tingyu was able to obtain the immortal saints for more than ten years, but he still had some real skills. He is relatively incorruptible, does not collect money indiscriminately, and does not raise a small third. More importantly, Zhang Tingyu is a very diligent and capable person. It is not easy to be a secretary to the emperor, and the emperor talks a lot about it, and you have to immediately lie on the ground and write it down and present it to the emperor. The emperor looked at it, and that was exactly what I meant, and then sent it to the courtiers.
Ordinary people don't have to say that they understand what others say, that is, if they think well, write it into words, and may have to think about it again and again. Zhang Tingyu has this ability, as long as the emperor finishes a paragraph, he can immediately drop it on the paper and get the emperor's approval. The emperor often had more than a dozen edicts to be issued every day, so his writing and talent could be said to be quite not simple.
Zhang Tingyu is also very diligent, he has been an official for 50 years, he has been in charge of the Military Aircraft Department for 24 years, every morning before dawn he has to go to the dynasty, "the courtiers wait for the five more cold"; his memory is also particularly good, whether it is a feudal official or a small bureaucrat at the bottom, he knows everyone's place of origin, origin, resume, and political achievements, just like a living dictionary. It can be said that he is the Yongzheng Emperor's "Du Niang" (a joke on Baidu), and the emperor wants to know what to ask him, and he can know immediately, so how can the emperor leave him? How can you not see him as a right-hand man?
In the feudal dynasty, you have to be a famous courtier, it is not enough to have these skills, the most important thing is that you cannot compete with the emperor for the same thing that he attaches the most importance to - the name of the future generations. This one was too difficult, but Zhang Tingyu also did it.
As we all know, many famous courtiers did not have a good ending, such as Wei Zheng. Tang Taizong and Wei Zheng looked like kings and courtiers, and when Wei Zheng died, Tang Taizong also ran to the highest floor of the court and looked into the distance to pay his funeral.
But later Emperor Taizong of Tang heard that Wei Zheng often showed the slanderous music he had written to himself, and the historian at that time was the famous calligrapher Chu Suiliang. The emperor said in his heart, you have come to slander me, this is to let me leave a good story for eternity, but what do you mean by showing it to the historian? Do you want to leave behind a good story for eternity? Aren't all your names from hereafter given to you by Lao Tzu?
This incident infuriated Tang Taizong, and coupled with some rumors about Wei Zheng's alliance with the party for personal gain, Tang Taizong originally said that he would marry his daughter to Wei Zheng's son, but now he is not married; on one occasion, he even became angry and rushed to the crown, and even ran to overthrow Wei Zheng's tombstone, which is the so-called "personal attack on his monument."
The same is true of Yongzheng Ye. When there was a man named Yang Ming in the Yongzheng Dynasty, he was also a famous politician, he was a good minister, but he loved his name too much. The Yongzheng Emperor was most annoyed by this problem. You are upright, you are not greedy, not for yourself? Why should this name belong to you? It should be mys.
Zhang Tingyu did this particularly well, and zheng shi mentioned that his merits were only three insignificant small things, one of which was zhang Tingyu who gave the emperor a table, saying that we should not set up a archway for women who have been observing the festival for 15 years? The historian actually wrote this little thing into the biography of a minister who had been in the dynasty for decades, indicating that he really rarely mentioned his merits to anyone.
In fact, in the first half of the Yongzheng Dynasty and the Qianlong Dynasty, almost all major decisions have Zhang Tingyu's shadow, but no one knows what role he played. To put it mildly, Zhang Tingyu was really an "old fox", so that the emperor could not grasp the handle at all, did not argue about anything, and worked diligently and diligently for the emperor's family to see what the emperor had to say.
Qianlongye's "Mobile Instruction Manual"
After Yongzhengye's death, Qianlongye took the stage. A heavenly son and a courtier, Zhang Tingyu should be unlucky, right? No. Because Qianlong Ye was still very young when he ascended the throne, in the face of such a big machine as the Qing Dynasty, there were no instructions for the use of any parts, and he could only rely on Ortai and Zhang Tingyu.
Especially Zhang Tingyu. He was old, and as soon as Qianlong Ye saw him walk to the door of the main hall, he hurriedly ordered someone to bring the old man in. The Qianlong Emperor would even throw the affairs of the imperial court to them both when he was "on a business trip", which was the attitude of the Qianlong Emperor towards them in the early days.
However, there is one thing that will happen sooner or later, that is, Zhang Tingyu is old and will one day withdraw from the stage of history; and the Qianlong Emperor is still young and always has to support his own team. Therefore, in the first ten years of the Qianlong Dynasty, Zhang Tingyu always remembered this matter in his heart. When will this day come? He didn't know. But the day finally approached step by step in the Qianlong Decade (1745).
Ten years after Qianlong, Ortai fell ill and died. Ertai's personality is more flamboyant, and the qianlong emperor's main target in the early days was him; Zhang Tingyu's personality is more easy-going, so it is not his turn. After Ortai's death, Qianlong was about to use his own people, and he used a thirty-year-old Ne Qin as the chief military minister.
Although Zhang Tingyu has been the chief military aircraft minister for so many years, he can only retreat now. In the eleventh year of Qianlong (1746), he issued an edict to Zhang Tingyu, saying that old sir, you are not in good health, I am very sorry for you, you do not have to come to the early dynasty so early, you can sleep at home for a while. As soon as this edict was issued, Zhang Tingyu understood in his heart that there were seven or eight points, and what a clear political signal this was. In addition, Zhang Tingyu's eldest son also died in this year, and the old man was tired of working hard after this huge blow and wanted to retire. Zhang Tingyu, who has been operating like a rational political machine for nearly 50 years, now has only one task in mind: how can he land safely?
How can it be so hard to retire
In the political ecology of ancient China, once the subjects reached the position of the powerful ministers, the second half of the political life was very troublesome, and the difficulty coefficient was too high to land safely. Now Zhang Tingyu is facing this dilemma. Throughout the annals of history, the only person who has done a relatively good job in this regard is Guo Ziyi of the Tang Dynasty. Zeng Guofan commented on him: "The only one who has established an immortal honor and finally guaranteed the name of the order is Guo Fenyang alone in the ages. "Guo Fenyang is Guo Ziyi."
However, when Guo Ziyi reached the position of an extremely popular minister in his later years, he also calculated the organs. For example, when Emperor Li Yu of the Tang Dynasty was in power, an official named Lu Qi came to Guo Ziyi's house to meet him. Lu Qi was a royal historian at the time, and at first glance he was a future political star. Guo Ziyi quickly ordered the female relatives of the family to hide. His wife and lady asked, "Why should we hide from him?" Guo Ziyi said: "You don't know, Lu Qi is ugly, his heart and eyes are small, and if any of the maids didn't hold back a smile when he came, he would remember the hatred in his heart." When he comes to power in the future, none of our descendants of the Guo family will survive. Guo Ziyi really tried her best to be able to "soft land".
In the first month of the thirteenth year of Qianlong (1748), the emperor threw a feast and invited his courtiers to dinner. After eating, Zhang Tingyu saw that the emperor was in a good mood, so he took the opportunity to talk to the emperor privately, saying that he was old, his legs and feet were not flexible, his memory was not good, his son was dead, and now he could not tell the old man to return to his hometown.
When Qianlong heard this, his heart said, "Are you complaining about me?" Although I put away your manual, I still have to ask if there is anything I don't understand. Besides, you are the one who was given the order of the first emperor to enjoy the Taimiao Temple, and you are a person who has supreme glory after death, can you be lazy before you die? So I didn't agree.
But Zhang Tingyu did not know the fun, and also debated with the emperor, saying that after death, he "deserved to enjoy the Taimiao Temple" and returned to his hometown before he died, it was not without precedent, didn't Liu Bowen of the Ming Dynasty tell the old man to return to his hometown?
The emperor said, "If you argue with me, then I will argue with you." Where did Liu Bowen return to his hometown? He was deposed by the Emperor, do you want to learn from him? Why don't you learn from Zhuge Liang to bow down and die? ”
Zhang Tingyu said, "Zhuge Liang fought every day at that time; how good my life was, I met the Taiping Dynasty, and I met a wise monarch like you, so I could rest." ”
The more the two argued, the more the Qianlong Emperor became more and more energetic, and finally said: "It seems that you have no feelings for me, and the loyal subjects in ancient times would not do this. So I can't agree to your request. ”
Zhang Tingyu had no choice, because when it came to this part, it had risen to the height of loyalty to the emperor and the emperor himself, so he had to kowtow and avoid the crown, so he could not control himself. The Qianlong Emperor said don't cry, let people send you home.
The Qianlong Emperor told the hundred officials about this matter in the court the next day, and when he said it, he left a lot of room for it, and he did not explicitly say this matter about Mr. Zhang, but only said this reason. He said that a courtier should be like Mr. Zhang, and when he is old, he will feel that our royal family is useless to him, and kick us away? Shouldn't it?
This incident occurred in the first month of the thirteenth year of Qianlong (1748), and Zhang Tingyu was frightened from then on, where dare to mention it again. In the thirteen years of Qianlong's political situation, it cannot be said that it is bloody and rainy, and the changes are indeed very large.
First of all, the Qianlong Emperor's original empress, Empress Xiaoxian, died, and he was not in a good mood; secondly, he had been in control of the country for some time and had basic self-confidence, so he changed from a more lenient and benevolent ruling policy in the early stage to a more severe ruling policy in the middle and late period.
This year, Zhang Tingyu's political treatment also changed twice. The first time was the publication of the Imperial Poetry Collection. Although the Qianlong Emperor wrote stinky poems, he loved to write and could write many poems a day, so he published the "Imperial Poetry Collection" and let Zhang Tingyu supervise the production. Later, when the Qianlong Emperor took a look at the printed book, there was a typo! Of course, he must be punished, "handed over to the Ministry of Deliberations." Later, because Zhang Tingyu used a word in the sacrifice text written to Qianlong's most cherished original empress, the emperor was very dissatisfied, so he punished him for a year.
These two events are very obvious political signals for Zhang Tingyu, that is, you have fallen out of favor, and the emperor will now give you some color to see. Zhang Tingyu has been an official for more than forty years, has never been punished, and suddenly was punished twice in a year, psychologically he really can't stand it. But he didn't dare to mention it, so what to do? I can only endure. With this forbearance, Zhang Tingyu's body was even worse, his teeth were gone, his legs were no longer able to walk, and he couldn't walk without any support, and his speech began to turn upside down.
In the fourteenth year of Qianlong (1749), the emperor once asked in a warm voice: "Old sir, how are you doing lately?" When Zhang Tingyu heard that the opportunity had come, he quickly said that he still wanted to retire. Qianlong sighed for a moment and said, "Well, don't worry, you go home first, let me think about it." ”
The next day, the Qianlong Emperor issued an edict to Zhang Tingyu, saying that Zhang Lao Aiqing served our grandchildren for three generations, and the merits were there, although I was older, but I really didn't want you, what should I do? So, you decide for yourself, if you make up your mind, you will leave, if you change your mind, don't go.
In fact, from the character of the Qianlong Emperor, it can be analyzed that he wants to put on a play - I tell you, you have a great merit, I can't bear you, but you are old, and I want to take care of you, what to do? You make your own decisions. It is best that you go to the table tomorrow and say that although you are old and can't walk, but after thinking about it, you still don't want to be the emperor, and you can stay. Then the emperor could issue another edict saying, Forget it, you should go back to your hometown.
But Wanwan did not expect that Zhang Tingyu was really old, his political wisdom was no longer enough, he felt that this was the emperor's acquiescence to his departure, and then he expressed his gratitude. Qianlong took a look at this recital and said forget it, I am a good person to do it to the end, and I will not be embarrassed with you, just leave, and approve it. Finally, a few words were added, these few words are very meaningful, he said this year I am more than forty years old, when I am fifty years old, you will be ninety years old, you want to help the dove into Beijing, that is, with your crutches to enter Beijing again, we monarchs and courtiers reunite. That means, we're going to leave a good story. You want to get a divorce, you have to sleep in separate beds, then let's just get along and disperse, you go.
Confused for a moment, he lost the count
After Zhang Tingyu returned home, a thought suddenly popped up in his mind -- people walking tea cold, breaking drums and pounding, walls falling down and pushing everyone, I am not without the right head in the imperial court, after I am gone, if they say bad things about me in front of the emperor every day, what if the honor of "deserving the Temple" is not given to me? Then I will lose a lot. This is my last lament, can I ask the emperor for a letter of guarantee?
He lay on the bed and thought about it for several days, and finally plucked up the courage to run to the palace to see the Qianlong Emperor, said a lot, and finally there was a sentence that was "please take a word as a coupon", that is, please say a word to me as a voucher, or verbally.
The Qianlong Emperor looked at him, felt angry and funny, and thought to himself, "You mean, you are assured of my father, but you are not at ease with me?" The Qianlong Emperor suppressed the fire and said, "I promised you, I will give you this coupon, give you this resignation." Zhang Tingyu returned home on the front foot, and the Qianlong Emperor wrote a poem to him on the back foot and sent him home. The Qianlong Emperor's poems are really too smelly to be quoted, which means that I am not a prince of Yao Shun, and I don't know if I can be worthy of such a good courtier as you; but whether you are a good courtier, what will be the relationship between the two of us in the future, I don't know, let the future generations evaluate it. Although there is no implicit killing in this poem, at least the emperor is not happy.
Zhang Tingyu finished this matter, and then made another faint move. According to the etiquette of the monarch at that time, after the emperor rewarded the courtier with one thing or promised you one thing, the courtier would prostrate himself in front of the palace gate the next day. But Zhang Tingyu felt that it was hard to say the words with a breath, and he also got the results he wanted, the weather was so cold, I still continued to sleep, let my son enter the palace to thank him.
The Qianlong Emperor was furious at this moment, you Zhang Tingyu really had no feelings for me, you got the results you wanted, and you actually didn't come to Thank You! The Qianlong Emperor asked the military minister to give him a decree to let him "understand what he was thinking and what his psychological motivation was.
At that time, there was a man named Wang Youdun who was also a famous minister of the Qing Dynasty. This person was Zhang Tingyu's disciple, and as soon as he saw that the emperor's face was not right, he quickly wrote a small note for Xiao Wei to send to Zhang Tingyu's house, reminding the teacher to be careful.
But Zhang Tingyu was really old, and he did something so confused that he couldn't be more confused--the next day before dawn, he ran to the palace gate to plead guilt. You know, at this time, the emperor's edict had not yet reached the Zhang family, and this was not obviously telling the emperor that someone had sent him a message? Zhang Tingyu would never have made such a mistake when he was young, but he was really in chaos at this time, and his sanity was already faint.
What did this make the Qianlong Emperor think? When You said that you were sick and couldn't come, as soon as you heard that I was angry, you immediately came to ask for guilt, and someone gave you a ventilated message to engage in "lurking" here? The Qianlong Emperor issued a decree to scold him, meaning, Ertai has also pacified Miao Jiang with some military merit, what merit do you have as a secretary? The final disposition was that my father said that he wanted you to "deserve the Temple", and I didn't care about it, so I gave it to you; but your earl was sealed by me, and you had to leave it to me. Anyway, we don't have feelings, so you can go.
At this time, Zhang Tingyu did not have any tricks, and threw away the earl's unborn grace. But he also admitted, ready to sell things in March of the next year, sell the property, and then go back to his hometown.
The difficulties are completely over, and they are lonely and die
In the fifteenth year of Qianlong (1750), when the spring breeze was in March, just when Zhang Tingyu was about to go south, something happened again. The Qianlong Emperor's eldest son, Yong Huang, died, one of the Qianlong Emperor's most beloved sons, and Zhang Tingyu was his teacher. According to the plot, the funeral could not be absent, so Zhang Tingyu participated in Yong Huang's funeral with an old body. Just after the initial sacrifice, Zhang Tingyu went to the table again and said that he wanted to leave. If you think about it, the Qianlong Emperor, who was still immersed in the pain of losing his son, could spare such an old thing with no heart and no lungs?
However, the Qianlong Emperor's methods were still relatively clever, and he issued an edict asking Zhang Tingyu: "You yourself said, are you still worthy of the honor of the Taimiao Temple?" What does this make Zhang Tingyu say? Zhang Tingyu had no choice but to kowtow to avoid the crown, saying that he was guilty of capital crimes and saying that he was not worthy. The Qianlong Emperor pushed the boat along the water, saying that since you said you were not worthy, it would not be given to you, and you could leave.
Therefore, in the spring of the fifteenth year of Qianlong (1750), when Zhang Tingyu returned to his hometown in Tongcheng, Anhui, there was nothing, the name of the earl was gone, and the honor of "deserving of the Taimiao Temple" was gone. Who would dare to receive him? Everyone had to avoid suspicion, and only a few of his nephews took him back to the old house. He "squeaked" open the door, then sat in silence for half a moment, and has been ill ever since.
It is said that Zhang Tingyu was posthumously stripped of his title, and was also posthumously honored with the honor of "worthy of the Taimiao Temple", and returned to his hometown in Anhui lonely, the story should be over, right? It's not over. Because the evil qi in the Qianlong Emperor's heart did not come out at all.
Finally, the opportunity came. There was a man named Zhu Quan, who was zhang Tingyu's son and daughter, who was born in Hanlin, and was released as a Sichuan scholar at that time. To let go of a school administration is to go to a province to preside over the scientific examination before the local township examination, and many students who want to participate in the township examination will give him a worship service, so that they can collect a large amount of silver and return to the capital.
During the Qing Dynasty, when Hanlin was in the capital, he was very poor, and the few silver feng lu could not support the family at all, and could only borrow money to survive; how to repay the debt? You have to tell the creditors and pawnshops that in the future I will pay you back when I let you go to school.
Zhu Quan had just released The Sichuan Xuezheng, and he received a family report that the old woman was dead, so he was entangled in his heart, whether he wanted silver or went home to mourn? In the end, he made a decision: hide the funeral and not report it, and go straight to Sichuan to earn money. The matter was later denounced, and in the ethical environment at that time, the person who did this kind of thing was inferior to the beast, a typical villain.
So the Qianlong Emperor came again and issued an edict: Zhang Tingyu, what does it mean that you are married to such a villain? You "understand the echo".
To tell the truth, the Qianlong Emperor's edict was a little unreasonable. How did Zhang Tingyu know that his relatives would do such a thing? So Zhang Tingyu's echo is also particularly interesting, he said I don't know anything, when I married him, I was also confused, if it wasn't for the emperor you woke up, I don't know what was going on, and now I'm waking up like a dream. That is to say, I really have no tricks, I will admit that I am stupid, you can do whatever you like.
The Qianlong Emperor thought that Zhang Tingyu's identity as Count was gone, and the honor of "deserving the Taimiao Temple" was gone, so how could he be punished? In this way, let him return to me all the things that the three generations of emperors of our family have rewarded, such as calligraphy and paintings, small fans, etc.
The Emperor sent the Minister of the Interior, Debao, to pursue these things. When Debao was about to leave, the Qianlong Emperor secretly gave him a passage. Debao went to Tongcheng to find the local government to ask for two hundred soldiers, and directly copied Zhang Tingyu's home.
What did the Qianlong Emperor command him? Saying that you must see clearly, first, whether he is greedy for money, decades of eunuch career, I do not believe that he has not accumulated a lot of wealth, you dig three feet into the ground, as long as you dig out the silver I will do him. Second, look at what he did when he returned home, he had been involved in the secrets of the imperial court for so many years, and whether there were any pieces of paper that slandered the court word for word. In the Qianlong Dynasty, slandering the imperial court was a great disaster to kill the head. To put it bluntly, this time the Qianlong Emperor has already moved the killing machine, as long as Debao finds anything, whether it is evidence of Zhang Tingyu's greed for money, or a little bit of information that should not be known to the outside world, Zhang Tingyu will not be able to live.
We have to admire the kung fu of Zhang Tingyu's old man, who actually did not have any handles to get the emperor, and the family is not poor, but it is certainly not a corrupt official life. Therefore, when Debao returned to Beijing to resume his life, he said a lot of good things about Zhang Tingyu.
But then the emperor did not admit it, and explained that I did not let Debao raid the house, because he understood that my meaning was a little off. But the emperor knew in his heart that he still had to shut up about it. How to close the mouth? He issued another edict, scolding Zhang Tingyu bitterly, and then saying that he would read it to the old ministers of the Three Dynasties, and that he would not see you in general, and let this old thing live and die on its own, and then be exempted from punishment.
After this edict was issued, Zhang Tingyu's difficulties were completely over. But he had nothing at this time, and all the honors in his life and all the thoughts behind him had been chased clean. In this way, he lived for another five years, sat in silence all day, did not say a word, and finally died with a completely lonely mentality. Just like the sentence in "Dream of the Red Chamber", "The land is really clean when it falls into a white expanse." Zhang Tingyu worked hard for the royal family for 50 years, and he ended up in such a fate.
"Qing qing does not die, lonely and uneasy"
After Zhang Tingyu died, the Qianlong Emperor came to his senses, saying that you are still good, I still miss you very much, I am a particularly kind person, give you a nickname: "Wen He", "Worthy of the Taimiao Temple" That is my father's permission, how can I not give it to you? It used to tease you. When the Qianlong Emperor had finished this set of bagua fists, he felt that he was benevolent and righteous, and finally gave everything to Zhang Tingyu, and he was definitely a benevolent king.
This is the story of Zhang Tingyu. Who is the tragic character here? Is the Qianlong Emperor bad? The Qianlong Emperor was not bad, and he had only one goal in his life, that is, to consolidate and strengthen the imperial power belonging to the Aixin Jueluo family. Do you think he plays with Zhang Tingyu's heart and eyes, that is, cats and mice playing? No. As an emperor, he wants to be in charge.
We must know that the greatest enemy of an emperor is not a peasant rebel army, it takes hundreds of years to emerge, and his greatest enemy is the bureaucracy. He was a lonely man, and his courtiers were all professional managers, thinking about taking advantage of their families every day, so what he feared most was that the ministers would form a party. However, Yongzheng left him a team, one was Ortai, the other was Zhang Tingyu, all the Manchus were attached to Ortai, and all the Han people climbed Zhang Tingyu. Even if the two of them did not have the intention of forming a party, it could not be ruled out that others wanted to play games with him on their own terms. What to do? You have to knock them both out one by one.
Therefore, the Qianlong Emperor knocked out Ortai in the first ten years, and in the next ten years, he intentionally or unintentionally dug a ditch, so that Zhang Tingyu's water flowed along the ditch he dug, and it must flow to the place where he was satisfied. where? It is your discredited situation that makes all those who want to attach yourself and climb you find that your tree has fallen. Still that sentence, both Born Yu He Shengliang, Qing Qing is not dead and lonely. If you don't fall, how can the Qianlong Emperor sit safely? Therefore, this matter seems to have a lot of accidents, including Zhang Tingyu's faint move, and finally this fate he made himself. But in fact, from the day Qianlong came to power, Zhang Tingyu's fate had basically been determined.
The opposite of liberalism
Of course, we are not trying to criticize the darkness of imperial society, and this story has inspired me twice. Many friends have asked me, saying that "Luo Ji Thinking" has always advocated liberalism, so what is liberalism?
This is a difficult question to answer, and I can write many criteria. Because people who live according to the liberal way of life are varied, and everyone's way of living is different. Can you come up with a common denominator? It's too hard. But in Zhang Tingyu, I found the opposite of liberalism. Sometimes that's the case, and if you can't define something clearly, you find its opposite, make it clear what it's not.
In Zhang Tingyu's official experience in his later years, we can get two inspirations. First, Zhang Tingyu is in a marriage that is completely impossible to divorce. Zhang Tingyu finally broke up with the Qianlong Emperor, and to put it bluntly, it was not a divorce, but just sleeping in separate beds. "I'm old and can't accompany you, can I stay in that house?" But in the traditional social structure, everything about the courtiers is the emperor's, what is the content of the game between the Qianlong Emperor and Zhang Tingyu? It's not whether you can do it, it's not whether you're incorruptible, it's whether you love me or not. When the game between the monarch and the courtiers reached this level, the consolidation of imperial power had reached an incomparable degree.
Before the Qing Dynasty, ministers and emperors still had a layer of teacher-friend relationship, but in the Qing Dynasty, courtiers were slaves. What is a slave? Everything about the courtiers is the emperor's, the body is the emperor's, the physical strength is the emperor's, the time is the emperor's, including the emotions are the emperor's. Therefore, what the Qianlong Emperor cared about very much was that Zhang Tingyu didn't seem to love me very much, which was also a reason why he wanted to engage Zhang Tingyu. This is a marriage that cannot be decomposed, and Zhang Tingyu and the Qianlong Emperor are a bit like two resentful couples who cannot divorce for various reasons. We all know that when we love or are loved, it is the greatest destruction of love, which is the most corrupt way of love.
But there is no way, the traditional society is like this, you do not have the ability to survive independently, all your things are given by the royal family, you are completely together, he is the positive, you are the negative, can not be broken. When the lives of two people cannot be separated, the marriage will not be closed, and it is impossible to have a happy life.
Therefore, many women feel uncomfortable after their husbands cheat, and they make trouble with their husbands. Why are they making trouble? Because they don't have an independent life, they feel that men have lost themselves. Many girls ask in the forum, when is the right time to sleep with a boyfriend? Because she felt that I had made this step with you, this life is yours, and you owe me, I am not me, we are two one.
Looking at love, marriage, and life in this way is the worst way to do it. When you give up the foundation of your own life and attach your survival to the rewards of others, there is no liberalism, and there is no emperor or not.
The second point is that people must not have delusions. Columnist Feng Tang once gave a definition of delusion: I forwarded this definition on Weibo, and Wu Bofan, executive editor of 21st Century Business Review, replied: "This is the best definition of delusion that I have ever seen." ”
Zhang Tingyu did not seek things outside his body all his life, did not want a name, did not want profits, and finally where was it destroyed? Destroyed in the "Worthy Tai Temple". He still did not expect that after thousands of generations, Puyi could not live in the Forbidden City, why did he "deserve to enjoy the Taimiao"? He has pursued an external goal all his life, and used this goal to mutilate his life, like an acrobat trembling and walking a tightrope, he spent his life smoothly, but finally he was killed by this delusion.
This reminds me of one of the basic movements in Chinese martial arts, which is the zama step. Zamabu has only two action points, the first is to stabilize the chassis. You have to have your own life and source of value, and you have to have a way of collaborating with others to generate wealth. Second, it means to keep the dantian. All things are not outside the body, there is nothing to pursue outside the body, all my actions, all the courageous pursuits are for my own growth, for my own personality integrity.
So, what is liberalism? From the negative case of Zhang Tingyu, we can draw two conclusions: first, the foundation is solid and has its own destiny; second, it intends to keep the Dantian and never chases after delusions.
1, there is a backer, but also know how to low-key.
2, follow the person is very important.
3. Be a secretary and be careful in words and deeds.
4, do a good job in the bowl than in the pot of reliability.
5. The officialdom also needs to be serious about righteousness and not etiquette.
6. To be a monk for a day, you should hit the clock for a day, do a good job, and do not seek credit.
7, learn to praise is very important
8, lips and swords, silence is the best shield, should not say rotten into the stomach.
9, sometimes it is inevitable to be wronged.
10) It is important to have a common language.
11, for you, you can not want all.
12. The king and his subjects have deep feelings, and they must also distinguish between high and low.
13. Etiquette is not important, but in the heart.
14, follow the fire to play with fire also to prevent fire.
15, the boss plays with you, be clever, in order to avoid disasters.
16. Heavy power is a double-edged sword in hand, hurting others and hurting oneself.
17, the idea of the leader is a barometer, always calibrating their position.
18, not afraid to cross paths with colleagues, understand the meaning of the boss.
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![Zhang Tingyu: The only one of the Han ministers in the Qing Dynasty who deserved to enjoy the Taimiao Temple, but he was beaten by Qianlong[fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)