Preface
The Qing Dynasty was a feudal dynasty established by the Manchus, and as such, Han Chinese officials were often less trusted by the emperor than Manchu officials in the Qing Dynasty.
When the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, it also vigorously promoted the Manchu culture and forced the Han people to "shave their hair and change clothes", so the contradictions between the Manchus and the Han were still relatively acute in the early Qing Dynasty.
On the one hand, the emperor had to appoint Han people in order to reconcile the contradictions between the two, and on the other hand, he was jealous of them, but the appearance of Zhang Tingyu broke this situation.
He was the only Han minister in the Qing Dynasty who was worthy of enjoying the Taimiao, and was deeply trusted by Kangxi.
1. Han people in an embarrassing situation
After the Qing soldiers entered the customs, the situation of the Han people became very embarrassing. Whether it is living habits or cultural heritage, there are big differences between Manchu and Han.
In order to consolidate the rule of the Manchus, the rulers of the Qing Dynasty once ordered the Han people to "shave their hair and make it easy to wear", the so-called shaving of hair, that is, the need to shave the hair on the top of their skull, and then braid the remaining hair into a long braid, which naturally droops, which is a characteristic of Manchu hairstyles.
For the Han people, the "parents of the body", the Han people cannot shave their hair after adulthood, otherwise it is a respect for their parents and a sign of unfilial piety, not to mention that all the hair on the top of the front skull is shaved, which is difficult for the Han people to accept.
Yifu is easier to understand, that is, the Han people are required to wear clothes full of people's characteristics.
"Shaving the hair and making it easy to wear" is in fact the externalization of the ruler's ruling behavior, expressing a kind of control of the ruler over the Han people, and at the same time, by changing the living habits of the Han people, the Han people can adapt to the alternation of imperial power more quickly.
Although the "shaving of hair and changing clothes" was fiercely opposed by the Han people in the early stage of its implementation, throughout the history of the Qing Dynasty, this decision was indeed a very correct decision, and it played an important role in maintaining the Qing Dynasty's rule over the Han people.
Of course, the embarrassing situation of the Han people is even more obvious in the court.
The feudal dynasty established by the Manchus should naturally be more important to the Manchus, but the Han people also have an unshakable position in the imperial court, after all, before the Manchus entered the customs, the Han people were the main body of the ruling body of this land.
The rulers of the Qing Dynasty were well aware of this and were willing to appoint some Han ministers, but the important positions in the court were still held by the Manchus, and these Manchu nobles were not friendly to the Han people, so the position of the Han ministers in the early Qing Dynasty was very delicate.
However, the appearance of Zhang Tingyu broke this delicate boundary, he was not only reused by the emperor as a Han Chinese, but also held a very important position, and even the only Wenchen in the Qing Dynasty who deserved to enjoy the Taimiao.
Second, the Han minister Zhang Tingyu
Zhang Tingyu was admitted to the Jinshi in the 36th year of Kangxi, that is, in 1700, and started his career from then on. His ability to be reused by Kangxi is inseparable from his political talent.
At first, he was only praised by Kangxi for his literary talent, and did not have the opportunity to show his political talent, and the turning point came in 1721.
That year, there was a case of salt dealers gathering to loot Tunzhuang in Shandong, you must know that salt was quite important in ancient times, it was an important source of national taxes, therefore, Kangxi attached more importance to this case, and Zhang Tingyu handled the case neatly and safely, which made Kangxi begin to notice him.
Subsequently, Zhang Tingyu was appointed as a servant of the ministry, and he was cautious and meticulous, which made Kangxi appreciate him, and even many Manchu nobles put down their psychological mustard and admired him very much.
There are not many people like Zhang Tingyu who have both literary and political talents and outstanding character and morality, and more importantly, he is very loyal to the Qing Dynasty and has no second thoughts, so Kangxi values him more and more.
Everyone in the DPRK knows that Zhang Tingyu is a big celebrity in front of Kangxi, and his future is immeasurable, but what people didn't expect was that Kangxi actually demoted Zhang Tingyu by three levels when he was in the limelight.
In this way, many people were confused, and many people speculated whether Zhang Tingyu had done something wrong, which provoked Kangxi to be angry and punished him by three consecutive levels.
Even Zhang Tingyu's family began to worry, but Zhang Tingyu smiled and said eight words to his child: "For the father, you must wait for the new monarch to give grace." ”
Third, Yongzheng is deeply reused
In 1722, Emperor Kangxi died and Yongzheng succeeded him. After Emperor Yongzheng succeeded to the throne, he urgently needed to cultivate his own power, so he carefully selected Zhang Tingyu and appointed him as the head of the household.
Zhang Tingyu really did not disappoint him, he was very decisive in dealing with the shantytown problem that caused Kangxi and Yongzheng to have a headache soon after he served as the head of the household department, which made Yongzheng very happy, and since then, Zhang Tingyu has been promoted all the way, and he is deeply valued by Yongzheng, and all the eight words he said at the beginning have been fulfilled.
In the seventh year of Yongzheng, that is, in 1729, in order to solve the military affairs of the northwest. Yongzheng set up the Military Aircraft Department, which oversaw the military and political powers, and was under the direct control of the emperor, which was equivalent to the emperor's secretarial organization.
Zhang Tingyu is the first batch of ministers of the Military Aircraft Department, because the Military Aircraft Department is actually equivalent to the highest ruling organ of the country, therefore, as the Minister of Military Aircraft and deeply trusted by Yongzheng, Zhang Tingyu has become like a prime minister in status.
Zhang Tingyu served as the Minister of Military Aircraft after assisting Emperor Yongzheng to deal with many political affairs, helping Yongzheng to share a lot of pressure, is a rare ability and loyal minister, Yongzheng also left a legacy when he died, saying that Zhang Tingyu "deserves to enjoy the temple".
However, after Qianlong succeeded to the throne, his treatment changed greatly. When Qianlong succeeded to the throne, Zhang Tingyu was already a minister of the Three Dynasties, and he was deeply respected by Kangxi and Yongzheng, and many ministers respected him.
However, it was this respect that made Qianlong suspicious of him, and later because of the contradiction between Zhang Tingyu and Ortai, the contradiction between the Manchu ministers and the Han ministers in the court intensified, and Qianlong had a dislike for Zhang Tingyu.
In the end, Zhang Tingyu took the initiative to ask Qianlong to resign and return to his hometown, Qianlong did not agree immediately, and gave him a poem to appease him, but Zhang Tingyu did not immediately enter the palace to thank him, but this incident annoyed Qianlong.
In 1750, the emperor's eldest son, Yonghuang, died, and Zhang Tingyu again offered to resign, this time Qianlong agreed to his request, but Qianlong, who was thoroughly annoyed, ordered that he be formally deposed of the preferential treatment of the Taimiao.
After returning home, Zhang Tingyu finally died of depression five years later, but fortunately, Qianlong finally considered the death of Emperor Yongzheng, and finally decided to order him to enjoy the Taimiao.
epilogue
Zhang Tingyu as a Han minister but in the early Qing Dynasty by Kangxi and Yongzheng reused, which is inseparable from his ability and loyalty, although in the last stage of his life by Qianlong's suspicion, but since ancient times, the emperor's heart is the most unpredictable, can be by Kangxi and Yongzheng two emperors, it is enough to prove his ability and talent.