The so-called "woman does not cut off" basically means that a woman can only belong to one Venerable at the corresponding period of life at different stages of her life, and cannot belong to two or more Venerables at the same time.
"Beheading" is "beheading" the mourning dress, which is the heaviest first-class mourning dress for three years among the "five clothes" of the funeral, and the scope of the mourning service includes the son as the father, the wife as the husband, and the subject as the king. The woman is at home and "cuts the decay" for the father. However, after marriage, it should be "decapitated" for the husband, and the father should no longer serve the "decapitation" mourning service, and be demoted to the second-class "qi decay". That is, "no slashing", that is, after a woman gets married, she is a "woman", a woman only serves the funeral of her husband to "cut down", and for the father, she cannot be cut down, and is reduced to a decline.
Under traditional social conditions, men are inferior to women, and women must belong to specific men to have family status. To be a woman, a wife, a mother. Female personnel do not have an independent family status and personality themselves, and all their rights and obligations derive from the specific family members to whom they depend and belong. "Women do not cut off" is one of the main points of traditional family ethical relations, which is directly related to the "three from four virtues" and "three principles and five constants". Let's discuss it for your consideration and commentary.
1. "Women do not behead" comes from funerals and is one of the core contents of traditional family ethics and culture
The "Ceremonial --- Funeral Dress" in the scope of the second-class "Qi Decline" funeral service includes: "The woman who is suitable for the son, for her parents, Kun di is the father of the latter." ”
In the pre-Qin texts, the children raised by the parents were called sons by men and women as women, that is, daughters, later referred to as daughters. "Suitable for man", that is, marrying a woman. "Kundi" is a brother. "Kundi is the father of the latter", that is, the elder brother or younger brother who inherits the family business from his father as the head of the family.
What do you mean? That is to say, if a woman is not married at home, the mourning clothes for her father are first-class "decline", and after marriage, the mourning clothes for her father are second-class "decline". Need to be demoted. Why? Because "the woman does not cut", that is, the woman cannot have two "decapitations" at the same time. As a woman, her family status and treatment are subordinate to her husband, the husband is the first, and the parents are demoted to the second. Therefore, the ceremonial position is also degraded.
2. The relationship between "women do not cut off" and "three from four virtues" and "three principles and five constants"
The "Rites of --- Funeral Dress--- Zi Xia Biography" explains that "the woman who is suitable for others, for her parents, Kun Dizhi is the father of the latter": "Why should the father expect it?" The woman does not chop either. What about a woman who does not be behead? The woman has three subordinate righteousnesses, and there is no special way, so she does not marry the father, and she marries the husband, and the husband dies from the son, so the father is the son of the son, and the husband is also the wife. A woman who does not be behead, nor does it take two days. A woman cannot be two or two. ”
This is the basic source of the so-called "three from four virtues" and "three principles and five constants" in later generations. The subject is the king, the son is the father, and the wife is the husband, which is the basic form of "cutting off the decay" of the "Funeral Dress" of the "Ceremonial ---". The subject is a king, the son is a father, the wife is the husband, the husband is not cut, and the "three from" and "three principles" are completely fixed in the ceremonial system. From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and then to the Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties, for more than two thousand years, "three from four virtues" and "three programs and five constants" have always been the basic regulations of family ethics and social operation. As a cultural phenomenon, there are still there.
About three from four virtues. The third is to follow the father unmarried, to marry the husband, and to obey the son when the husband dies. The four virtues refer to women's morality, women's speech, women's appearance, and women's skills (women's morality, rhetoric, manners, and female red). About the Three Principles and Five Constants. The Three Principles refer to the father as the son, the king as the subject, and the husband as the wife. The five constants usually refer to benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and faith.