Recently, Henan has been hit by a huge flood, and people have donated money to donate love.
In ancient times, there was no shortage of fundraising, and many interesting fundraising stories occurred.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the rejection problem of enthusiastic donations in the Han Dynasty</h1>
According to common sense, enthusiastic donations are always welcome, but in the Han Dynasty, one person was rejected. He was Bu Shi, a Henan native of this large sheep farmer, who, after hearing that the country was in difficulty, immediately wrote to the imperial court and expressed his willingness to donate half of his family property to help the country resist the Xiongnu invasion. Who thought it was a hot face sticking a cold ass, the emperor did not immediately accept it, but sent someone to investigate Bu Shi: "Do you want to be an official?" Bu Shi said: "I grew up shepherding sheep, I will not become an official, nor do I want to be an official." The emperor's envoy said, "Do you have an enemy of the family?" Bu Shi said: "I was born with no quarrel with people, and when I met a poor villager, I lent him money; if he was not good, I taught him to do good deeds." So, wherever I go, people respect me, where are the enemies? The envoy was surprised and said, "Since this is the case, what do you really want?" Bu Shi said frankly: "The emperor is crusading against the Xiongnu, and I think that those who have the ability should fight for the country, and those who have money should donate to support the country, so that the Xiongnu can be destroyed." ”
After hearing this, the envoy went back to report to the imperial court. This was a normal act, but after the investigation of the envoy, it was regarded as abnormal by some people in the imperial court. Among them, Gongsun Hong, who holds great power, even said: "This is not in line with the common feelings of people, and I hope that Your Majesty will not allow it." "The implication is that Bu Shi has no desire and no demand, is unreasonable, is deeply afraid of deception, and cannot be ignored. As a result, the emperor refused the request for donations.
A year later, because of the war with the Xiongnu, the imperial court spent too much, the national granary and treasury were empty, and the number of poor people increased, all relying on state supplies, and the imperial court was overstretched and unable to cope. Especially in Henan, the central plains, the number of displaced people is even greater, Henan Taishou can not come up with money to rescue, Bu Shi heard about it, immediately donated 200,000 yuan to Henan Taishou, let him use it to save the displaced people. When the emperor heard the report, he said, "This is the man who insists on donating half of his family property to the state." This time, the emperor finally believed in Bu Shi, so he gave him four hundred people more money, and Bu Shi returned all of them to the government.
Later, a rebellion broke out on the frontier, and Bu Shi wrote to him to ask for his son to join the army to do his best.
The emperor was touched by his virtuousness and issued an edict saying: "Not long ago, the northern border dispatched troops to attack the Xiongnu, and Bu Shi wrote a letter to help the officials. In previous years, the West River was flooded, and Bu Shi led the Qi people to send grain to the West River. Now he first rose up to join the army, although there was no battle, but it can be said that it fully demonstrated his inner discipline. So the emperor ordered that Bu Shi be rewarded again and announced to the world to promote his spirit of charity and courage to take responsibility.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Song Dynasty Su Shimiao attracted rich people to donate</h1> money
Su Shi, the great poet of the Song Dynasty, not only devoted himself to the government, his poetry was famous all over the world, but more importantly, he had a benevolent heart, he was not only good at charity himself, but also organized and led the region where he was located to do a good job in charity.
Su Shi had a friend named Dong Chuan. He was admitted to the priesthood, but unfortunately he died before he could become an official, and because his family was so destitute, even the funeral could not be held. After Su Shi heard about it, it was not enough to pour out everything he had, and he asked his friend for help again, and finally crowdfunded a funeral expense and buried his friend.
Su Shi will not only crowdfund to help friends, he will also use the method of fundraising to do practical things for the people. In the fourth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1089), Su Shi went to hangzhou as a scholar of Longtuge. As soon as I arrived, I encountered a plague pandemic that had not been encountered in a hundred years. The streets and alleys of Hangzhou are full of poor people seeking medical treatment. At this stall, there was a medicine merchant in Hangzhou who opened a medicine shop with millions of dollars, but he made a lot of plague money, he hoarded and raised the price of drugs, and when the poor could not afford to buy them, he would pay high interest rates on credit.
In the face of the epidemic and the black heart of the bad drug dealer, Su Shi was very sober, and he knew that Hangzhou was "the meeting of water and land, and the epidemic deaths are more frequent than other places." After careful consideration, he believes that if a government hospital can be established, the situation may be better controlled. But it takes a lot of money to open a hospital, what to do? After consulting with his subordinates, he decided to adopt the method of fundraising. Su Shi first took out 2,000 yuan of office funds saved from the government treasury as a fund, and at the same time called on the rich people in the city to donate. But there is still a gap. After Su Shi returned home, she told her wife about the situation, who believed that people's lives were at stake and the safety of the people was a major matter, and she should vigorously support them, so she took the lead in selling dowry jewelry to participate in fundraising. Su Shi took out his savings and handed over fifty taels of gold.
Driven by Su Shi and his wife, more and more people participated in the fundraising. After "crowdfunding", the funds were finally raised. Therefore, Su Shi recruited some medical staff, found a courtyard of an official family next to the Zhong'an Bridge in Hangzhou, and set up a hospital workshop called "Anle Fang". It is said that this is the earliest "public hospital" in the history of our country. In order to treat the people' diseases, Su Shi's wife also contributed her family's ancestral secret recipe, Shengshanzi, and made a large number of medicines to distribute to the people, the medicine was very effective, and many people were cured of their diseases.
Within a few days, the gold million who hoarded the medicine was also infected with the epidemic, invited several famous doctors not to look at it, and there was no special medicine in his own drug store, and he heard that the "saint sanzi" of Su Shi's "Huimin Pharmacy" had a miraculous effect, so he asked Jia Ding to ask for a prescription. Who knows that the Huimin Pharmacy has long stipulated: only give medicines, do not prescribe; only give to the poor, not to the rich. Rich people to use medicine, each pair of use, must donate the pharmacy tattoo silver hundred and two.
In order to cure the disease, Jin Million painfully asked Jia Ding to take a few hundred taels of silver to change the medicine. Other sick rich people have also come to buy medicine with heavy money.
So Su Shi received a large amount of donations in disguise, and with this money, he opened a sub-pharmacy in Zhong'anqiao and Jianggan to facilitate the people to see a doctor nearby and get medicine, saving thousands of people before and after.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > ming Dynasty Chongzhen Emperor led a fundraising farce</h1>
In the last years of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng's rebel army approached the city of Beijing, and the Ming Dynasty was in danger. At this time, the treasury of the Ming court was empty, there was no military salary to be paid, and the morale of the army was low. According to the Jiashen Chronicle, the state treasury of the Ming Dynasty at that time "suspended more than 2,300 gold in the new treasury." The old library suspended the storage of books without historical assets, gold with rhinoceros cup clothes and the like, only more than a thousand gold", really poor as a wash! The Chongzhen Emperor launched a fundraising campaign to save Jiangshan Sheji, and he tried to raise funds from the princes and ministers to pay the soldiers defending the city of Beijing. As a result, a fundraising farce was staged.
Chongzhen set the standard of donations, and the powerful ministers and imperial relatives and nobles should donate at least 30,000 taels of silver per person. The country has difficulties, and it has money to pay for it, and it is a powerful contribution. Unexpectedly, the first person to donate was a 60-year-old citizen who donated 400 taels of silver that he had accumulated all his life.
Wei Zaode, the important cabinet chief assistant who was promoted by Chongzhen, cried poorly, only donated 500 taels, and he also urged others to donate; the heart of the richest eunuch Wang Zhi only donated 10,000 taels, Chongzhen thought of "thirty thousand as the superior", but the highest amount was only 20,000, most of which were "only a few hundred and dozens", perfunctory.
Chongzhen's father-in-law, Zhou Kui, took the lead in performing, and Chongzhen hoped that he would donate 100,000 taels of silver to give everyone a head. But he said, "Old Minister Ann Dojin?" He cried that his family was so poor that he could only buy moldy rice to eat, but he only donated 10,000 taels. Other princes and ministers are also either crying for poverty for days, or shouting about their own honesty, and some want to sell their houses and land, and there has been a rare "tide of honest government", and no one is willing to pay money to save the country. In this campaign to save the country, a total of 200,000 taels of donations were raised, and it was useless. As a result, the method of raising funds and paying military salaries failed, and the military was in great confusion.
After Li Zicheng's rebel army invaded the city of Beijing, the Chongzhen Emperor was hanged at Coal Mountain, and many ministers learned that the emperor was dead and committed suicide. Li Zicheng also proclaimed himself emperor in the Forbidden City and established the Dashun Dynasty.
At this time, Wei Zaode took the stage to perform, and his master's bones were not cold, so he cheekily led hundreds of officials into the palace to pay tribute and surrendered to the rebel army. Wei Zaode was the first to kowtow and asked Li Zicheng to interview and hire him. Li Zicheng asked him contemptuously, "Why don't you go to martyrdom?" The brazen man replied, "I am preparing to serve the new dynasty, even if I dare to die." ”
Li Zicheng heard that Wei Zaode had recently been persuading hundreds of officials to collect donations, and arrested more than 800 Ming Dynasty officials, ministers, and civil and military officials, and asked them to help them. The limit is 100,000 taels of stolen silver for university scholars, 70,000 taels for ministerial officials and jinyi shuai, 50,000 taels and 30,000 taels for scientific and provincial officials, 20,000 taels for Hanlin, and 1,000 taels for subordinates. Whoever has handed over the silver will be released, and all those who hesitate and delay will be locked up.
Wei Zaode could not give it up, was tortured by Li Zicheng's subordinates for several days and nights, and finally died by splitting his head, at the age of 40, and his son was also hacked and killed for not paying enough silver. These ministers of the Ming Dynasty, the Chongzhen Emperor, asked them to donate money to save the country, but they refused, but in the end they had to give it to Li Zicheng in order to buy their lives. Just as Wei Zaode lamented at the end of his life, "I could not be loyal to the country and the Lord, and now it is too late to regret it." ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Qing Dynasty Peng Shaosheng cleverly distributed donations of grain</h1>
Peng Shaosheng was a famous philanthropist in the Qing Dynasty, who not only founded a comprehensive charity organization, Kintoritang, which held a variety of charity activities for a long time, but also modeled on the system of Fan Zhongyan Yizhuang in the Northern Song Dynasty, and set up the Peng clan run clan field to help the poor Peng clan. Kotorido operates all year round, and the influence is very large, which has played a very good rescue role. During the disaster year, Peng Shaosheng launched a temporary relief for the victims, and was able to creatively carry out the distribution of disaster relief materials, which won the welcome of the people.
In the spring of the fifty-eighth year of Qianlong, "the rain in Jiangdong is heavy, the wheat is rotten, the summer rain is as it was, the grass must not be planted, the price of rice is soaring, and every stone is to three thousand dollars." It can be seen that the severity of this major flood disaster.
Peng Shaosheng has carried out fundraising and disaster relief activities for many years and has great experience. In previous years, when there was a disaster, pingyu was originally sold by the government at the usual price, but a big philanthropist like Peng Shaosheng not only had a certain strength, but also had considerable appeal, so whenever he encountered a flood or other disaster, he would be like the government, taking out his own family and a large amount of grain collected from the government to carry out the ping. In this year, Peng Shaosheng "will save public and private deposits, get five hundred stones, each liter is reduced by six, a total of 300,000 yuan, scattered all the people, from May to June, there are seven days in the third decade." ”
However, in previous years, when there was a period of peace, "those who came did not ask about the distance and proximity, filled the alleys of Heng, the strong were tired and rose more and more, and the weak went empty-handed." Obviously, the poor people from near and far around the area have poured in, and suddenly the whole street is crowded with disaster victims, and there is no order, because the rice is ten yuan lower than the market price, so it is a great welfare for the ordinary people. The strong and strong victims can even buy ten liters, while the weak people without strength cannot even buy a liter. This situation greatly reduces the role of flat rice.
In the course of this disaster relief, Peng Shaosheng, in view of this drawback in the past pingzong, after investigation and study, introduced an innovative method of demarcating the boundary and giving tickets, that is, "the east is bounded by the city bridge, the south is bounded by the city, the west is bounded by the newly built bridge to the south, and the north is bounded by Wu Yachang. Neighbors come with tickets on the day, collect money outside the door, give rice inside the door, and print the date on the ticket as a record, and must not be re-registered. "In this way, everyone can buy affordable rice and receive good results."
Peng Shaosheng's grandson Peng Yunzhang believes that this method of leveling has obvious superiority over the previous practice, "limited to Lan Sheng, its benefits are small, and if it is not heavy, its benefits are even, and if it is not heavy, it is not disputed, and if it is not disputed, it is not chaotic, and if it is not disputed, there is no grid." After that, the Peng generation held a flat rice ceremony, "the year of the rice is expensive, and every year is done".
The reason why Peng Shaosheng actively acts of good deeds is inseparable from the family tradition of Peng's goodness. As a famous and prestigious family in Suzhou in the Qing Dynasty, the Peng clan achieved enviable achievements in science and eunuchs, and was also famous for its tradition of doing good deeds throughout the world. Since his great-grandfather Peng Dingqiu, the Peng Shaosheng family has had many charitable relief activities, which have a great influence in the local area. Suzhou Wang Qiansun also said: "Peng Clan in Wu Wu for two hundred years, the world accumulated virtue, internal cultivation of its deeds, and external forces in the imperial examination, thinking that it is for the family law, the wu people's joy is good, won the trust of the Peng clan."
Author | Liu Yongjia
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