Xie Lingyun's Nanxi River

Xie Lingyun's Nanxi River

Yu Guo

Yongjia, Zhejiang, there is a Nanxi River, because it is remote, so it is very beautiful, the real green mountains and green water. Because the Jinmuro southward crossing is partial to security, so the talents gather in Jiangdong, where the folk customs of half cultivation and half reading are gradually emerging. The several sheriffs of Yongjia County at the beginning of the yongjia county were all brilliant stars in Chinese history and culture: the great calligrapher Wang Xizhi, the commentator Pei Songzhi of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, yan Yanzhi of the Piao Wen family, and Xie Lingyun, China's first landscape poet.

Landscapes without cultural connotations, no matter how beautiful, are barren mountains and wild waters, and there is no enough to see. One day in 422 AD, a bamboo raft floated on the river, and Xie Lingyun, who was ostracized and relegated to the Yongjia Taishou in the capital Jiankang, came with a sad raft. The idyllic landscape in front of him, the green peak pressed the river, the clear stream floating mountain, a wash of the chest in the block, Yixing Enclave wrote more than twenty pro-mountain and kissing water poems.

A path of disparagement has fulfilled the highlight of Xie Lingyun's life. He became the originator of landscape poetry, he opened the light to the Yongjia Nanxi River, and he founded the Chinese landscape idyll school. The mountains and rivers are beautiful, and there will always be Toshihiko. At the end of the Jin Dynasty, the flourishing landscape poetry pioneered the flow of landscape "Yanzhi" to the Tang Dynasty to form a poetic school.

Xie Lingyun was born in the Gaomen clan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, after Xie An, the grandson of Xie Xuan, and his mother was Wang Xi's granddaughter Liu Shi. His family was prominent, his talent was outstanding, and his writing calligraphy was unique at that time. The Book of Song praises him: the beauty of the article, Jiang Zuo Mo caught. He was naturally extreme in temperament, and successively filled the army in Linchuan and Guangzhou, and finally the Song Emperor Liu Yilong issued an edict and executed him in Guangzhou at the age of forty.

It is difficult for ordinary people to enter the eyes of the Hao clan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, if he is only a superman and arrogant. As a writer and Buddhist scholar, he despised The Taishou, who also believed in Buddhism, and once uttered a wild saying: "Your ascension to heaven must be before my Xie Lingyun, and your enlightenment must be after my Xie Lingyun." "I am also so disrespectful to my hometown parents and officials, and I am jealous of people."

Xie Lingyun did Yongjia Taishou basically did not care about politics, spent all day in the mountains and rivers, and also liked to explore. Yandang Mountain is standing next to it, he often goes to climb the mountain, and also invented a kind of hiking shoes "Lingyun Clogs" (also known as "Xie Gong Gong"), the front and back teeth of the shoes can be loaded and unloaded clogs, when going up the mountain to remove the front of the shoe teeth, down the mountain to remove the back of the shoe teeth, so that the uphill and downhill has a feeling of walking flat.

300 miles of Nanxi River, 36 bays and 72 beaches, there are many villages along the river. In Yongjia Lion Rock, in the dry water period, the bamboo rafts on the Nanxi River are lined up, and the huge rocks in the river are abrupt, and they have begun to take shape in the charm of Yandang Mountain. Beachside homestay 100 yuan a night, bamboo raft 30 yuan an hour. Rafting on the river, green shirts and red sleeves, or with me floating life, crossing a dream of the king; or toasting alone, drinking and flying snow. More proud people, the north crown crosses the south of the river, and the embroidery mouth spits out the Tang Dynasty. You can also imitate the grandeur of lu you, who expected in this life, the heart is in the Tianshan Mountains, the body is old and Yongjia.

Because of Xie Lingyun's debut, generations of literati followed: Li Bai, Du Fu, Meng Haoran, Su Dongpo, Li Qingzhao, etc. Such a "luxury group" is popular, and yongjia, which is located in the remote area, has become a picture of "words and mountains and poetry". A poet of the Qing Dynasty said: "If there are good mountains and rivers in the world, there will be buildings and platforms." Landscapes and terraces must be left behind. "These acts of shelter were all in place in the Nanxi River, so legends and stories began to circulate for thousands of years.

The houses here are very distinctive. Most of the households have wide eaves, connected together, and walk along the bluestone road under the eaves along the river, feeling comfortable. These ancient buildings of the Ming and Qing dynasties are located between the mountains and rivers, and all kinds of railings and beauties are interlaced and connected, which are snow zhulan, pollen walls, bird branches, and fish ponds. The Yuanshan Wenbi Peak corresponds to the washing pond at the mouth of the village, where man and nature coexist in harmony. There are many types of buildings, including residential buildings, ceremonial buildings, religious buildings, table buildings, commercial buildings, scenic buildings, leisure buildings, defensive buildings, etc. The highest level of public buildings in the blood-related villages is the ancestral hall, which is divided into large sects, small sects, and special shrines. Regardless of size, there is a kind of hall in the ancestral hall, which is a solemn place for holding sacrifices. There are also many small buildings in the village, such as archways, ximen, crossing doors, covered bridges, pavilions and so on. It is said that in the middle reaches of the Nanxi River, there used to be more than a thousand pavilions. This is also the embodiment of the simplicity of the folk customs, and many pavilions are hung with couplets: "Tea treats amorous guests, and rice leaves righteous people."

In the history of China, the management of the vast rural areas, because the political power was set up to the county level, the Han Dynasty before the door valve system to maintain rural order, after the Han Dynasty relied on the gentry-style clan organization to carry out the bottom operation. This is located in a poor rural area, the people's customs are relatively strong, and the clan autonomy is very perfect. Large ethnic groups can organize their own armed forces, or "township braves" or "volunteer soldiers", to resist the officers and soldiers of the Yuan Dynasty, to resist the Wukou on the sea, to fortify Geng Jingzhong, to block the Taiping Army, to defend the tranquility of one side, and to guard a mountain and a river.

In the Nanxi River, there is a kind of villager crossing the creek, that is, placing stone ballasts on the water, so that people can step on the stone bangle across the stream. One step at a time is called the mother, six or seven steps apart, and there is a piece of sub-alkali attached next to the mother foundation, which is convenient for pedestrians to avoid. "Clan Fan" has an appointment, above the steps, male to female, long to young, empty hands to pick up the burden, pick the burden light and give way.

The Nanxi River is a network of water systems, which are divided into Big Nan Creek and Little Nan Creek. It is said that the local bayberry is produced, and the local people call the bayberry is pronounced "Nan", hence the name. The Nanxi River, which is more than 100 kilometers long, finally joins the Ou River and then returns to the East China Sea.

A puff of smoke and rain, bi lian like a belt. Spring plaster, smoke and paralysis. The house is near the flowing water, the door of the house is facing the green mountain, the flowers and birds follow, and the smoke and clouds are provided. A Xie Lingyun, a thousand years of Nanxi River. (Excerpt from Xinmin Evening News)

【Source: Longnan Daily】

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