We have just spent the National Day holiday, and on this day of national welcome, we must not forget that this year is the 110th anniversary of the Xinhai Revolution, and if it were not for the undisguised efforts of those revolutionary martyrs of that year, how could we have a happy life today.
Since the Opium War in 1840, China has been completely plunged into war, imperialism has come to China one after another, wreaking havoc on china's territory, the people's lives are miserable, and the country is also in danger in the chaos of war.
At this time, many revolutionaries stood up, including Dr. Sun Yat-sen, who had progressive ideas and grand revolutionary goals
Together, these revolutionary pioneers formed the League and launched several uprisings to overthrow the Qing government.
In 1911, the revolutionaries launched another uprising in Wuchang while seizing the gap in the city's defenses. The success of the united revolutionary pioneers in this uprising also marked the decline of the Qing government until its demise.
This uprising was later regarded as the beginning of the Xinhai Revolution, which meant that the absolute monarchy that had ruled China for thousands of years was finally overthrown, and this revolution also became the beginning of the future history of the Chinese revolution.
In this revolution, Dr. Sun Yat-sen played a decisive role, he saw that the whole country was in danger, united many revolutionaries, turned the tide of the tide, helped the building to fall, and saved China in the midst of water and fire.
Troops at the time of the Wuchang Uprising
In 1869, Zhang Taiyan was born in Yuhang County, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, the Zhang family was wealthy, there were generations of readers, was a famous local scholar, and had many generations of officials.
After Zhang Taiyan was born, he was full of interest in learning under the influence of his family, and there was a library in his home, which made the young Zhang Taiyan have knowledge far beyond his peers.
Nineteenth-century Hangzhou Yuewang Temple
At the age of 11, Zhang Taiyan entered a private school, and in the most prestigious academy in Jiangnan at that time, hangzhou Jingjing Jingshe, in which he not only learned the history of traditional scriptures, but also followed his teacher to learn some modern courses such as astronomy geography and arithmetic.
When Zhang Taiyan entered the school, he presided over the Jingshe was the famous master of Pu Xue in the late Qing Dynasty, Yu Fan, and the so-called Pu Xue was to seek truth from facts when doing learning, and not to guess arbitrarily, which was the meaning of simple learning.
Zhang Taiyan also inherited Yu Fan's puxue thought, which had an important impact on his future revolutionary ideas.
Master Yu Yu of Park
Shortly thereafter, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War broke out, the Qing government was defeated by Japan, Zhang Taiyan felt that the entire nation was about to face a crisis, and after leaving the private school, he went to Shanghai and served as the editorial director of the newspaper
This position is not the work of publishing articles, just doing some chores, which makes Zhang Taiyan, who has ambitions, very annoyed.
Unable to exert his skills, he went to Wuchang, where he met many revolutionaries with advanced ideas who believed that China, which was far behind the Western countries, must be reformed.
Therefore, under the leadership of the reformists, many intellectual youths jointly promoted the progress of the reform and reform of the law, but in the eyes of the conservative Qing government, this was a naked provocation and a "rebellion", and with the sacrifice of the six gentlemen of the Wu Dynasty, this first reform was declared a failure.
Tan Sitong, one of the Six Gentlemen of Wu Shu
Subsequently, the Eight-Power Alliance attacked our country, and the Qing government was unable to resist at all, they wantonly destroyed our country, seized the opportunity to loot countless treasures, and forced the Qing government to sign unequal treaties one after another.
Zhang Taiyan saw the pain in his eyes, he hated the incompetence of the Qing government, repeatedly broke his mouth in public and was arrested.
Forced to flee to Japan, he had no choice but to flee to Japan, but it was this exile that allowed him to completely overthrow the Qing government in the future.
Yokohama, Japan at the beginning of the twentieth century
In 1902, Zhang Taiyan, who arrived in Tokyo, Japan, was introduced to Sun Yat-sen with the same ambitions, and both of them had a complete hatred for the incompetent Qing government.
The two not only planned in detail how to overthrow the regime, but also discussed how to establish a new China after the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty, and even the two of them agreed on where to build a capital.
After returning to China, Zhang Taiyan also bound the conversation between the two into a book, hoping to use this beautiful vision to arouse the patriotism of more intellectuals.
Zhang Taiyan published the Book of Lou
However, such arrogance was of course unacceptable to the Qing government, and soon after, Zhang Taiyan, who was targeted, was arrested again for publishing anti-Qing articles in newspapers
The angry Empress Dowager Cixi vowed to behead him, but Zhang Taiyan was still in the British Concession at this time, and the Qing government had no judicial power over him, and if he wanted to execute him, he had to pass the British pass.
For Zhang Taiyan, by doing this, he has already created a historical joke, because even in Shanghai, it is not the Qing government but the British who decide his life and death, and the Qing government can only sue Zhang Taiyan as a plaintiff for rebellion.
The Qing Dynasty, a central dynasty that lasted for more than three hundred years, was finally reduced to suing a revolutionary party in its own country on its own territory and using the court of foreigners.
Shanghai British Concession
In the end, Zhang Taiyan successfully persuaded the judge with his three inches of golden tongue that the Qing government could not sentence Zhang Taiyan to death, but could only detain him for three years, and this farce came to an end.
After he was released from prison in 1906, Zhang Taiyan was still closely watched everywhere, and once there was any anti-Qing behavior, he would be arrested and returned to the prison.
After going to Japan, Zhang Taiyan, in addition to propagating the revolution, also believed that revolutionaries should be allowed to understand some traditional Chinese culture, so he held a chinese studies seminar in Tokyo.
Zhang Taiyan during his time in Japan
According to the memories of Mr. Lu Xun's good friend, the famous scholar Xu Shousheng, at that time he and Lu Xun were in Tokyo, and the two of them very much wanted to listen to Zhang Taiyan's lectures, but there was a conflict in time, so they asked someone to ask Zhang Taiyan if they could open another class, and Zhang Taiyan admired the studious heart of the two
So he agreed with Lu Xun, who was not yet famous at that time, that he would give them a separate lecture every Sunday, and if there was any traditional culture he wanted to know, Zhang Taiyan would know everything and say everything.
In the classroom, Zhang Taiyan sat face to face with the students, answered their questions in a relaxed and humorous way, and even occasionally made a small joke, the classroom atmosphere was very relaxed, facing the studious students, Zhang Taiyan was more and more excited the more he talked, and sometimes he could even talk to several people until midnight.
Lu Xun during his study in Japan
Lu Xun studied with Mr. Zhang Taiyan for a year in this relaxed environment, which also laid a good foundation for Lu Xun to study, greatly filled the gap in Lu Xun's knowledge of ancient Chinese and ancient characters, and indirectly enlightened Lu Xun's patriotic thoughts.
Even though Zhang Taiyan in his later years did not include Lu Xun in the list of disciples, Lu Xun always regarded him as his enlightenment teacher.
At this time, Sun Yat-sen had already united with a number of revolutionaries to establish the League, and after seeing that the old acquaintance Zhang Taiyan had returned to Japan, Sun Yat-sen immediately issued an invitation to him, and Zhang Taiyan gladly accepted.
Photographs taken when the League was founded
Although Zhang Taiyan and Sun Yat-sen have the same philosophy, they are very different in their methods of doing things, and the two have quarreled many times, and they are almost broken because of financial problems.
Afterwards, Zhang Taiyan scolded Sun Yat-sen on many occasions and scorned some of his views, but if someone insulted Sun Yat-sen without any basis, he would also stand up for him at the first time.
Sun Yat-sen was also very helpless about this, he very much recognized Zhang Taiyan's knowledge, but his fiery temper did make Mr. Sun very headache.
Urgently, the increasingly powerful revolutionary party began to launch an uprising, although the first few times ended in failure, but it also allowed them to accumulate countless experiences. Subsequently, the revolutionary party officially liberated Wuchang and started the Xinhai Revolution.
Commemorative relief of the Xinhai Revolution
Subsequently, with the victory of the Wuchang Uprising, many provinces across the country also announced their independence from the Qing government, and the dynasty that had experienced its peak also died.
Seeing that this revolution had been a great success, Zhang Taiyan was very happy although he was dissatisfied with Sun Yat-sen, and he immediately set off to return to China to participate in the construction of the Republic of China, although Zhang Taiyan and Sun Yat-sen had always disagreed on many issues.
He was particularly disapproving of Sun Yat-sen's appointment of Yuan Shikai as president, and later because Chiang Kai-shek assassinated Tao Chengzhang, Zhang Taiyan believed that it was related to Sun Yat-sen
The relationship between the two deteriorated further, but he also insisted that he and Sun Yat-sen were only personal contradictions, and he never denied Sun Yat-sen's revolution.
The picture shows Chiang Kai-shek played by Chen Daoming
After Yuan Shikai came to power, he was very convinced that Mr. Sun also recognized Zhang Taiyan's strength, so he entrusted Zhang Taiyan to set up an industry in the three eastern provinces, but then Yuan Shikai gradually abandoned the achievements of the revolution and began to prepare for the re-title of emperor.
In this regard, Zhang Taiyan, who was far away in Changchun, constantly wrote articles and scolded, and Zhang Taiyan, who was extremely angry, even rushed to Beijing, sat at the door of the presidential palace all day long, holding a fan made of medals personally issued by Yuan Shikai, and cursed Yuan Shikai's wolf ambitions, but Yuan Shikai turned a deaf ear to him and avoided seeing him.
The picture shows Yuan Shikai, played by Zhou Ruifa
But Yuan Shikai, who claimed that the emperor's heart had been decided, obviously could not let him roll around at the door of the presidential palace all the time, so he announced to the outside world that Zhang Taiyan was mentally ill and imprisoned him on this basis.
However, this imprisonment did not last long, and Yuan Shikai soon fell ill and died in fear, and Zhang Taiyan regained his freedom.
In 1932, japan began a war of aggression against China, and he was very angry at the inaction of the Kuomintang, and although he was old, he still went north to see Zhang Xueliang and called on everyone to resist Japan together.
In 1936, Zhang Taiyan died of illness, and this hot-tempered, even somewhat crazy old man ended his revolutionary life.
Shortly after Zhang Taiyan's death, Lu Xun wrote two articles to commemorate his mentor, but Lu Xun, who was seriously ill, did not even finish the second one before he died.
Zhang Taiyan and Mr. Lu Xun
The two masters and apprentices who dedicated their lives to the Chinese revolution and Chinese literature passed away one after another. They have struggled all their lives and have never stopped, and it is precisely their awakening that has freed our country from the bitter sea of war and become a great power that no one can despise today.
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