Author: Sun Li'an Source: Jie Shi Feng
Steven Chu was born on February 28, 1948 in St. Louis, Missouri; on December 15, 2008, he was nominated by Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, to serve as the 12th Secretary of Energy; he was a 1997 Nobel Laureate in Physics, a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and a professor of physics at Stanford University.
Perhaps you may not think that Chu Steven's grandfather is Li Shutian, a celebrity in Changli. Li Shutian's eldest daughter, Li Jingzhen, was married to Zhu Rujin, a doctor of chemical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and their second son was Chu Steven. Therefore, Chu Is a descendant of the authentic Changli people.
Steven Chu in his mother's arms
As a scientist by training, Chu became the first expert Chinese minister at the U.S. Department of Energy, and has been regarded as a spiritual benchmark for Chinese Americans to be proud of.
Chu
Chu's grandfather, Li Shutian
Who is Chu's grandfather, Li Shutian? On June 5, 2015, the 17th edition of tonight newspaper published Zuo Sen's article "Beiyang Student Li Shutian". The text reads:
Li Shutian
At the beginning of 1933, the spring cold was steep, and the smoke of the beacon fire filled the land of China. At the opening ceremony of Beiyang University (today's Tianjin University), a teacher spoke passionately to the students: "When the country and the nation are in the autumn of critical survival, the greater the responsibility of the university, the salvation of the country in danger, and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, it is not up to the teachers and students of the university to determine their fate." "This is Li Shutian, the principal at the time.
The main building of Beiyang University
Li Shutian, a native of Changli, Hebei Province, graduated from the Department of Civil Engineering of Beiyang University and later went to Cornell University in the United States to pursue a doctorate. After returning to China, he taught at Beiyang University and served as president (dean) for eleven years. He is both a water conservancy expert and a well-known educator.
In 1928, Beiyang University was renamed the Second Engineering College of Beiping University, and later renamed the National Beiyang Institute of Technology, and Li Shutian succeeded him as dean. During his tenure, he focused on the stability and rectification of the academy, completed the construction of the Engineering Academy (South Building), and cooperated with other water conservancy units to establish the First Hydraulic Laboratory; later, he built the Engineering Laboratory (that is, the North Building), and proposed to recruit graduate students. During the crisis in North China, considering the continuation of Beiyang University, he personally went to Shaanxi to survey the original site of the Xijing Branch and look for a place for Beiyang University to stand.
After the July 7 Incident, when Jingu fell, Li Shutian led all the teachers and students of Beiyang University to move west into Shaanxi, and formed the National Northwest United University with Peking University and other universities, which was later changed to the National Northwest Institute of Technology. In 1939, he joined forces with teachers and students to return to Beiyang University, but was unsuccessful. After that, he and some teachers in Beiyang established the Xikang Technical College in Xichang. Then, the National Guizhou Agricultural and Technological College was established to sow the seeds of fire for education in the western region. Subsequently, he once again proposed the establishment of a private Beiyang Institute of Technology, and through efforts to separate the School of Engineering of Zhejiang National Yingshi University into an independent National Beiyang Institute of Technology. At the time of the national crisis, Li Shutian made unremitting efforts for the continuation of Beiyang University and the development of education in the western region.
On the eve of the founding of New China, Li Shutian went to the United States again to study and obtained two doctorates. In 1973, he hosted a multidisciplinary correspondence university and day graduate school, Lee's Enlightened University. He has no holidays, gets up at 6:30 every day, goes to the studio after breakfast, and works until 7pm. Until the day before his death, he continued to work. His son, Li Cigeng, said his father had a will: to donate his entire estate to the enlightened university of the world he founded. By 1988, Enlightened University had thirty-three day and correspondence graduate schools on five continents.
Despite being in the United States, Li Shutian has never forgotten Beiyang University. In 1980, on the occasion of the 85th anniversary of his alma mater, Li Shutian sent a poem "Congratulations to Tianjin University on the 85th Anniversary of the Great Celebration and Sending Linjiang Xianyun Yi Liuma": "Sell the peach and Li Xiu on the door wall, and move to the strong and strong." The same text is the same as the rules of China, the spring wind is often blown, and the rain is forever Hengjia. The House of Representatives synthesizes today's greatness, and the focus of science and engineering is mixed. The campus of Tsuna Bali boasts, teachers and students sing and stop, and autumn flowers are still reflected. ”
In 1984, alumni Rong Yuying transferred li Shutian's long association to Shanghai alumni. Shanglian: "Jiayin Chaofa Shanghai, hundreds of xueyou, will be able to swallow the mountains and rivers." Remembering his alma mater Beiyang, B has not yet started, and the Eighth Five-Year Plan was last year, so as to make the thousand autumns immortal. However, he was humble and humble, and only created the world's enlightened school, reunited with 200 sages from four continents, and still adhered to the school motto of seeking truth from facts. Xia Lian: "Reply to the sunset orange city, the only one is alone, not to suppress the strong mountain." Always cherish the eastern fence of the homeland, see the rules of Xinhai, seventy coincides with this year, and wishes for a long life without boundaries. I hope that all the kings will be strong, xian qun will lead the East Asian and Chinese countries, enlighten the five ethnic groups with hundreds of billions of talents, and forever promote the confucian and Taoist people's national soul. This vice president shows Li Shutian's nostalgia for his alma mater and his expectations for the prosperity of the motherland.
Emblem of Beiyang University
On the 90th anniversary of his alma mater, Li Shutian had agreed to participate, but due to poor health, he failed to do so. In March 1988, Li Shutian died. His outstanding contributions to the development of his alma mater will always be remembered in the hearts of Beiyang students.
"Changli Characters" introduces Li Shutian more comprehensively:
Li Shutian (1900.2.10-1988.3.28), zi Gengyan, was born in Changli, Hebei Province. Graduated from Beiyang University with a bachelor's degree, studied in the United States and obtained a doctorate degree from Cornell University, and was hired as a professor by his alma mater, a famous chinese higher education expert, hydraulic scientist, successive deans of many colleges, and one of the pioneers of modern water conservancy science in China.
In 1949, Li Shutian went to Taiwan and settled in the United States the following year. In 1972, he founded the Enlightened World University and the Lee Institute of Science and Technology in the United States, with 33 branches in 17 countries.
Li Shutian was born on February 10, 1900 in Changli County, Hebei Province. In middle school, he immersed himself in reading works such as the Classic of Mountains and Seas, the Commentary on the Water Classic, and the Guangji of Youdi, and was determined to build water conservancy and benefit the people's livelihood in the future. In the eleventh year of the Republic of China (1923), he graduated from the Department of Civil Engineering of Beiyang University (now Tianjin University) with the first place, and then went to the Cornell University Research Institute in the United States to continue his studies in civil engineering.
After Li Shutian returned to China in the fifteenth year of the Republic of China (1927), he was recruited as a professor at Beiyang University. In the 21st year of the Republic of China (1933), he served in the China Hydraulic Engineering Society (now the China Hydraulic Engineering Society), and concurrently served as a member and secretary general of the North China Water Conservancy Commission (now the Haihe River Water Conservancy Commission), presiding over the daily work.
In the 23rd year of the Republic of China (1935), Li Shutian, Li Yizhi, Zhang Hanying and other water conservancy predecessors founded the "China's First Hydraulic Experiment" in Tianjin, laying the foundation for China's hydraulic scientific research. Under his leadership, Beiyang Institute of Technology achieved remarkable results and established the first batch of water conservancy majors and water conservancy departments in China.
He has been a member of the Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission since the 24th year of the Republic of China (1936), and a vice chairman of the 33rd year of the Republic of China (1945). He wrote an article entitled "The Strategy for harnessing the Yellow River," which received the attention of Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou. He has successively served as the dean of Tangshan School of Civil Engineering (now Southwest Jiaotong University) and Beiyang Institute of Technology of Jiaotong University, and has presided over 6 colleges and universities, including National Northwest United University, National Northwest Institute of Technology, Xichang Technical College, Guiyang Institute of Technology, Guizhou University, and Beiyang Xijing Branch.
He went to the United States in 1949. He is a Life Member and Honorary Member of the American Society of Civil Engineers. He received three American Ph.D. degrees in his lifetime. He died in the United States in 1988.
Before his death, Li Shutian still remembered the motherland. When his youngest daughter visited the United States in 1985, his first words were to ask, "Is Mr. Deng Xiaoping okay?" How is Mr. Deng Yingchao? ", can see his mood in his later years. When Deng Xiaoping received his nieces Li Youzhen and Li Jizhen, he asked him to convey Li Shutian: "Welcome him back to China for sightseeing." His grandson, Nobel Prize winner, and US Secretary of Energy, Steven Chu, was received by Jiang Zemin many times. Speaking at Tianjin University, he said: "This was the place where my grandfather studied and worked, and I am excited and proud to speak here. ”
On October 17, 2010, the 110th anniversary of Li Shutian's birth and the launch ceremony of the "biography" were held in Beijing. Yang Zhenhuai, former member of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and former minister of water resources; Jiang Xinxiong, former member of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and former minister of nuclear industry; Yang Huan, former deputy commander of the Second Artillery Corps; Liu Jianping, secretary of the party committee of Tianjin University; yang Yuqin, former secretary of the party committee of Tianjin University, attended the commemorative meeting and made speeches; and Yuan Guolin, former deputy general manager of the China Three Gorges Corporation, presided over the commemorative meeting. On the same day, the Alumni Association of China Hydraulic Society and Tianjin University (Beiyang University) held a meeting in Beijing to commemorate the 110th anniversary of Li Shutian's birth. More than 100 people, including the old senior of Beiyang University, Li Shutian's students, and li Shutian's hometown representatives from Tiannanhaibei, used words full of respect and deeply nostalgic songs at the commemoration meeting to remember this well-known water conservancy expert and educator at home and abroad, the pioneer and founder of China's modern water conservancy science, and recalled his foresight and arduous practice in water control.
Achievements and contributions: Professor of Beiyang University, a famous higher education expert in China, a hydraulic scientist, the dean of many colleges, and one of the pioneers of modern water conservancy science in China.
He is a lifetime fellow of the American Society of Civil Engineering, the 61st expert in the world to receive this honor in its more than 100-year history.
After Li Shutian's death, in order to commemorate him, the Enlightened University of the World changed its name to the "Li Shutian Foundation" and promulgated the "Li Shutian Award" according to his will. This is the first international science and technology award in the United States named after Chinese. Over the past ten years, a number of Chinese scholars have won this honor.
Li Shutian Middle School graduated from the No. 4 Provincial Middle School (formerly known as Yongpingfu Middle School, where Li Dazhao studied), located in Lulong. About his experience, there is a "Biography of Li Shutian", which details his life.
Chu's grandfather, Li Shuhua
Chu's grandfather was the president of Beiyang University (Tianjin University), and his pro-grandfather Li Shuhua was a powerful figure, serving as president of Peking University and minister of education during the Republic of China period.
Li Shuhua was Li Shutian's elder brother and graduated from the only high primary school in the county at that time when Jieyang Academy in Changli County was re-established. He is the same age as Li Dazhao, and the two have intersected at Peking University. Li Dazhao was at Peking University from the end of 1917 to April 1927; Li Shuhua was at Peking University from 1922 to the end of 1927, and the two were very good with Cai Yuanpei.
Let's take a look at Li Shuhua's introduction:
Born in 1889 in Changli, Hebei Province.
1913-1922 Studied in France. He received a Master of Science degree from the University of Toulouse in 1918 and a Doctor of Science degree from the French State of the University of Paris in 1922.
From 1922 to 1927, he was a professor and head of the Department of Physics at Peking University (1926.11-1927.11).
In 1926, he was appointed Acting President of Sino-French University.
From 1928 to 1929, he was the vice president and acting president of Peking University.
From 1929 to 1931, he was the head of the Department of Physics at Peking University.
From 1929 to 1948, he served as vice president of the Peking Research Institute, minister of state affairs and minister of the Ministry of Education of the National Government of Nanjing (1931-1932), and director general of the Academia Sinica (1943-1945). In November 1946, he went to Paris to represent the Chinese government at the inaugural meeting of the United Nations Committee on Science, Education and Culture, and was elected as an academician of academia sinica in 1948.
1949 From August of that year, he emigrated to France, Germany and the United States. From 1949 to 1950 he was briefly head of the Institute of Physics, Chemistry and Biology at the University of Paris. From 1951 to 1952, he was a visiting professor at the University of Hamburg, Germany. In the United States, he is also a visiting scholar at Columbia University.
He died in New York on July 5, 1979.
Li Shuhua wrote "Jie Lu Ji" and "Li Shuhua's Self-Description" to record his career, which is of great historical value.
Jie Lu Ji is Li Shuhua's autobiography, which mainly tells about his study and work experience after college. The title of the book originates from the Jieshi Mountain in his hometown of Changli, reflecting a strong sense of homesickness.
"Li Shuhua's Self-Description" is a self-description of "Professor Li Shuhua, one of the founding fathers of modern Chinese science and the actual head of the Peking Research Institute", in which "words must be based on evidence. Don't be bothered by words", which is not only a true record of my career, but also an important material for the history of modern Chinese science and culture and education. The book is also of great reference value for the study of the history of education in Changli County at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic.
According to Li Shuhua's self-description: "My family ancestors lived in the city of Changli County in Hebei Province (i.e., formerly directly subordinate province) in the late Ming Dynasty. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Manchurian soldiers besieged the county seat of Changli County, and the Li clan donated grain to help them defend the city. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, some members of the Li clan moved to the west of the county town, Li Zizhuang, forty miles away from the city. Soon a new village was created by a new party one mile southwest of the village, and moved into the residence, named the day: the new house. The other two tribes moved to Duan Zhuangzi and Scissor Zhuangzi respectively. These villages are one to two or three miles apart.
Throughout the ages, the Lee clan engaged in farming, both reading or practicing martial arts, and later heard of businessmen. Because of his loyalty to the family, the townspeople called it "Li Shanren". The elders of the same clan had one tribute before and after, and two wujin soldiers were selected to serve as imperial guards (commonly known as wuzhi). As for Wen Wu XiuCai, there are quite a few; I remember that when I was seven or eight years old, there were five People of the same clan named Wen Xiu Cai (also known as Ku Sheng, Sheng Yuan, or Literature), and wu Xiu Cai (Wu Xiu Cai, or Wu Xue) four people were still alive.
Great-grandfather Yuqing Gongwu Kusheng, great-grandmother Han Shi; grandfather Chang Geng Gong Wu Kusheng, grandmother Liu Shi; father Xing Wu Gong Zhen Wan Kui, mother singing clan. His father first studied, learned martial arts, and then donated money to the martial arts superintendents, and failed to pass the Wuxiang examination. The father continued to send his ancestors to a middle-class agricultural family. Great-grandparents, grandparents, and parents are all about eighty years old. My great-grandparents were alive when I was a child. Three generations are all single-handed. In the sixteenth year of Qing Guangxu, Gengyin, that is, in 1890 AD, I was born in The New House in Changli County. I have a brother, named Shutian, word farming, now in the United States. ......”
From this point of view, Chu Steven's grandfather's ancestors were a family of scholars and martial artists. After the Republic of China, Li Shuhua and Li Shutian brothers both obtained doctorates in France and the United States, which became a beautiful talk in the county.
After liberation, the village of Xinzhu, where Li Shuhua and Li Shutian were born, was transferred from Changli to the jurisdiction of Lulong County, which also established a legend for them. In the spring of 1999, the Lulong County Party Committee sent a letter inviting Li Shuzhen, the daughter of Li Shutian, who was still working in Xinjiang, to visit her ancestral home and study the matter of passing on the biography to Li Shuhua and Li Shutian. She said: "In the past years, I only knew that my father's place of origin was Changli, Hebei. I was born in Tianjin and have never returned to my hometown. This shows that this family has always considered themselves to be Changli people.
Changli or Lu Long, don't dwell on administrative divisions, and you can't get around the old words. Li Shuhua and Li Shutian are outstanding figures nurtured by Jieshi Landscape and are the common pride of the two counties. The story of their family's continued struggle for generations will surely inspire us to move forward. We hope that Chu and his descendants will also make greater contributions to Sino-US friendship.
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