Wen | Yan Xiao'er to write a philosophical text
Speaking of the imperial examination system, Yan Xiao'er thought of two stories, one is "Kong Yiji" written by Lu Xun during the Republic of China period, and the other is "Fan Jinzhongju" written by the Qing Dynasty literary scholar Wu Jingzi in "The History of Ru Lin".
Kong Yiji and Fan Jin have one thing in common, they are both hard-working and very pedantic readers in the cold window of ten years, but Fan Jin has the luck to win, while Kong Yiji has copied books for people, and finally broke his leg because of theft, and disappeared into a broken day.
In fact, if we want to talk about the "negative impact" of the imperial examination system, from the "Fan Jin" written by Wu Jingzi in the Qing Dynasty to the "Kong Yiji" written by Lu Xun in the Republic of China period, we can find that the "imperial examination system" that was originally designed to select talents for the imperial court developed further, the more "decayed" it became, but the more "decaying" it was, the more it attracted "readers" to take the examination with a dead heart.
The true meaning of "hard reading in the cold window" has been ignored in the vested interests of "achieving fame and success" under the "examination system".
The two stories of "Kong Yiji" and "Fan Jinzhongju" all tell us that whether it is a reader or a bystander, they have long forgotten the meaning of "keju" or "reading".
What they saw was the so-called "power and wealth" after the "imperial examination" and after becoming an official, but they forgot that "reading" was for "becoming a talent" and "adult". However, after becoming talented and adults, they participated in the "imperial examination" in order to repay the imperial court and maintain the peace of the people.
That is to say, the examination system has undergone a long period of development and change, due to the dictatorship of those in power under the feudal society, the content of the examination is becoming more and more "rigid" and other practical reasons, the fairness of the examination is much worse than before.
At the same time, for ordinary or even low-level families, the imperial examination is the only way to enter the army, and then it also creates an atmosphere of "good merit and fame and fortune" in society, resulting in some people shaping deformed values, and then spawning personal or family tragedies such as Kong Yiji or Fan Jin.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" >1, the "lower-class intellectual" who was cultivated by the imperial examination system and abandoned by the imperial examination system: Kong Yiji</h1>
To say that the negative impact of the examination system should be the most direct manifestation of the "reading people".
The imperial examination system portrays useless "low-level readers" such as Lu Xun's "Kong Yiji", who are kind but pedantic, which is the sad place.
Lu Xun's Kong Yiji has been studying hard for many years, but Xiucai can't pass the exam. Without merit and skill, Kong Yiji's life was extremely difficult.
However, with the belief that "all things are inferior but the reading is high" under the imperial examination system, Kong Yiji held the shelf of the reader, preferring to be ridiculed for stealing books and issuing a self-deceptive defense of "stealing books cannot be considered stealing books", rather than performing manual labor to support himself, and finally broke his leg because of stealing books, and disappeared into the indifference of others.
"I am not a bad person, and reading is not a bad thing, but I make a normal person not like a normal person", which is the "tragedy" that generally occurred among the low-level readers under the imperial examination system at the end of the Qing Dynasty.
Why is there such a "tragedy"?
Because of "pedantic".
The difficulty of the imperial examination system is very large, coupled with the intervention of the rulers of the feudal society in later generations, it is more and more difficult for the readers in the cold door to pass the imperial examination "carp leaping dragon gate".
In this regard, for the readers who are mediocre in talent, but still hold the "dream of the title of the golden list", the "examination system" is more like shaping them and abandoning them, but it has cultivated their "pedantic" nature. They hold the shelf of "readers", their limbs are not diligent, they do not distinguish between grains, and they do not have a skill, they endure the indifference and ridicule of the people around them, and the "ink" they have learned over the years has not played its role.
For Kong Yiji himself, the examination system destroyed his life and his vitality and enthusiasm, and stifled his heart; for the "society", the examination system wasted "talents"; and in terms of the "people" who ridiculed kong Yiji's misfortune and looked at him coldly, the utilitarian atmosphere created by the "examination system" stifled the people's sympathy and made them become selfish, indifferent and insensitive.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" >2, Fan Jinzhongju: The examination system did not select "talents", but selected "cowards"</h1>
Speaking of Kong Yiji, who was not admitted to the imperial examination in Lu Xun's pen, let's talk about the story of "Fan Jin Zhongju" in the Qing Dynasty literary scholar Wu Jingzi's "History of Ru Lin", which sharply satirized the imperial examination system.
Wu Jingzi's "Fan Jin" seems to have a better life than Kong Yiji, he was not only admitted to Xiucai, but also won the lift, but he spent too long.
When he was in his 50s, Fan Jincai reluctantly won Xiucai, and even his old father-in-law, Hu Butcher, called him a "current treasure" and looked down on him, and he could only accept it and endure it silently.
His husband can't look up to him, there is a reason, more than twenty years to participate in scientific research, more than 50 years old such a "old age" barely admitted to the show talent, the family has long been poor, poor even can not afford to buy rice, the old mother of the family can only let him sell the hen at home, buy some rice back.
Even so, Fan Jin did not feel that there was anything wrong with the "imperial examination", still doing the "golden list title dream", he did not seem to feel the cold under the poverty, let alone the old mother's hungry and yellow face.
But ironically, when he learned that he had been admitted to the lifting, he was overjoyed in disbelief, uncontrollable, and laughably crazy, and was "slapped" by the butcher.
At this point, it is not difficult for us to see that Fan Jin, who is cowardly and poor on the surface, is very fanatical in his heart for fame, so fanatical that he ignores the hardships of life, ignores the poverty of his relatives, and ignores the white eyes of others.
What is even more ridiculous is that Fan Jin, who is so cowardly and servile, and who is half-cut and quickly buried, can enter the DPRK as an official and govern the people.
People's golden years are about 30 years old, the experience and experience at this time is more or less the more "brilliant" time in people's lives, and Fan Jin, who is lifted in his later years, has no experience and vitality of young people, and has been studying hard for many years, making him think pedantic, cowardly and cowardly. How did such a person become an official in the DPRK?
At this point, the scientific expedition when "Fan Jinzhongju" was picking talents, but picking "cowardly talents".
This is undoubtedly the author Wu Jingzi hinting to us: in the final development of the imperial examination system, the "so-called talents" selected may not be talents who are full of poetry and books, but pedantic, cowardly and servile old scholars. In this regard, the "chaos" and "darkness" of the officialdom under the feudal system are foreseeable.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" >3, the inverted examination system</h1>
Through Lu Xun's "Kong Yiji" and Wu Jingzi's "Fan Jin", we can see the relatively typical shortcomings of "slavery" in feudal society: not only will the social atmosphere become "greedy for fame and fortune" and lose the "function" of selecting talents in the "imperial examination"; it will also create a number of pedantic "readers", and even mistakenly regard "cowardly and cowardly people" as "talents", so that the meaning of the "imperial examination" will be reversed.
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