Hurlbut's educational thought

Brief introduction

(1) The German philosopher, psychologist and educator of the 19th century is known as the "father of modern pedagogy" and "the father of scientific education".

(2) Build pedagogy into an independent discipline, and establish a complete educational theory system on the basis of ethics and psychology.

Theoretical basis of educational thought

(1) Fundamentals of Ethics: Practical Philosophy: Inner Freedom, Perfection, Mercy and Justice, Fairness

(2) Psychological foundations: unification theory: consciousness valve, unification consciousness, unification group

Theory of Moral Education

1. Educational purposes

(1) Possible purpose (choice purpose) refers to the purpose related to the child's future occupation

(2) Necessary purpose (moral purpose) refers to the highest and most basic purpose to be achieved by education, and the cultivation of five moral concepts.

2. Educational teaching principles

(1) Moral education is through teaching and only through teaching can it really have a practical effect, and teaching is the basic way of moral education.

(2) The purpose of teaching is the purpose of education, and teaching itself should be educational.

2. Moral education methods

(1) Discipline: Purposeful cultivation and formation of "moral strength of character". Moral judgment. Ethical enthusiasm. Ethical decisions. Moral self-control.

(2) Child management: to create an order that creates the necessary conditions for teaching and training

Curriculum theory

1. Experience, interests and courses

Interests: Interests exist in experience and can make children develop the habit of being alert

Interest Course System: Interests are divided into intellectual interests and sympathetic interests. Among them, intellectual interests include empirical, speculative and aesthetic. Interests in compassion include sympathetic, social and religious.

2. Child Development and Curriculum

Child development is divided into four periods: infancy, early childhood, childhood and adolescence

According to the age stage, the procedures of the course are proposed

3. Unification and curriculum

New ideas and knowledge are always in the original intellectual background and are based on the original ideas and knowledge.

Propose "relevant" and "focused" curriculum design principles

Pedagogical theory

1. Teaching process theory

The teaching process is divided into three stages: intuitive teaching, analytical teaching, and integrated teaching.

Intuitive teaching: Through the use of the senses, we obtain a number of sensory appearances that are similar and related to what the child has observed in the past, thus preparing for the joint cooperation of ideas

Analytical teaching: The analysis of things and objects that appear in front of the senses at the same time makes the child's response to the current stimulus more clear, so as to prepare for the cooperation of ideas.

Integrated teaching: the distinction between appearances produced by the clear representations provided by simple prompts and the analysis of teaching, forming a union of ideas, that is, acquiring new knowledge and concepts.

2. Teaching form stage theory

The so-called concentration is to concentrate on only one thing at a certain time without considering other things;

The so-called "deliberation" is to unify one "concentration" activity after another.

The first stage: the process of unification consciousness is a sensory stimulus; the teaching process is intuitive teaching; the interest activity is an attention; the teaching form stage is clear; the state of mind is concentrated

The second stage: the process of unification consciousness - the analysis and union of old and new concepts; the teaching process - analytical teaching; the interest activity - expectation; the teaching form stage of an association; the state of mind - concentration

The third stage: the formation of a unified consciousness process and a unified consciousness group; the teaching process is a comprehensive teaching; the interest activity is a requirement; the teaching form stage is a system; the state of mind is the contemplation

The fourth stage: the process of unification consciousness is the formation of a unified consciousness group; the teaching process is the student's own activity; the interest activity is an action; the teaching form stage is a method; the state of mind is the contemplation

appraise

(1) Hurlbut is the pioneer of modern educational science and the most important representative of modern educational psychology.

(2) The representative figure of traditionalist education, emphasizing the three centers of classroom, books and teachers.

(3) The analysis of teaching theory has made a pioneering contribution to the history of world education; it has played a dominant role in the reform of many countries in the world.

(4) But its educational discourse also has a certain degree of mechanical and one-sidedness. For example, education and teaching are regarded as a process.