One day in February 1955, several police officers suddenly arrived at the YingRen Maternity Clinic at No. 66 Guanxiang Street, Anning Lianran Town, Kunming, Yunnan Province. The clinic owner, Zeng Fusheng, saw that they had become nervous, but pretended to be calm and greeted them with a smiling face, and asked: "Is there anything wrong with the comrades?" ”
A policeman with a Hunan accent said, "I'm from Pingjiang, Kong Hepet, you should know why we're looking for you, right?" ”
The clinic owner listened to the heart as if he had been shocked by an electric shock, and said, "Got the wrong person?" My name is Zeng Fusheng..."
Before he could finish speaking, the policeman lit up a file with a photo in front of his eyes and said, "Don't pretend, isn't this you?" At this point, the clinic owner bowed his head and could no longer speak.
He was then escorted back to Pingjiang County, Hunan Province, for investigation, and more than two months later he was escorted to Beijing by the Hunan Provincial Public Security Department. The central authorities attached great importance to this person, and Luo Ruiqing, then minister of public security, personally interrogated him and forwarded the investigation report to Chairman Mao, Zhu De, and other central leaders.
What exactly did Kong Hepet, who opened a clinic under a pseudonym, do to alarm the central government? What will be his end?
Kong Lotus Pet
Kong Was born in 1896 in a peasant family in Shayuan Village, Pingjiang County, Hunan Province, where his father died of illness at an early age and was raised by his mother, who was extremely poor. Kong Hepet only studied private school for one year, and at the age of 14, he went out to break into society.
He had worked as an apprentice at a paper farm in Pingjiang and worked very hard, but after he fell ill due to overwork, the boss actually fired him without paying anything. In the old society, Kong Hepet, who was born poor, suffered a lot.
At the age of 20, Kong Hepet was introduced by his fellow villagers to the First Division of the Xiang Army as a soldier, and later transferred to the Anti-Smoking Bureau as an inspector. But these errands, Kong Hepet has always done a bad job, and after less than a year of doing it, he took a leave of absence to go home to cultivate the fields.
In 1926, Ye Ting's independent regiment went to Hunan, unveiling the prelude to the Northern Expedition, and setting off a revolutionary upsurge on the land of China. As early as two years ago, the communist Luo Nachuan was ordered to establish a peasant association in Pingjiang County to guide the peasants in carrying out revolutionary struggle.
Kong Hepet, who had been oppressed in the old society, joined the local peasant association under the influence of revolutionary ideas, and because he had some military knowledge as a soldier, he gradually became the leader of the district peasant self-defense force.
However, the climax of the Great Revolution did not last long, in 1927, the elder Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12" coup in Shanghai, and then Xu Kexiang launched the "Ma-Ri Incident" in Changsha, hunting down communists and openly rebelling against the revolution.
When he was young, Kong Hepet still had some courage, and was not intimidated by the danger in front of him, but organized guerrilla groups to continue to fight the enemy. He even rushed into the county seat of Pingjiang county, captured the pseudo-county magistrate Cao Xiuli alive, and paraded him through the streets to show the public.
After the defeat of the Great Revolution, as a counterattack against the Kuomintang reactionaries, the CCP successively launched armed uprisings. In July 1928, Peng Dehuai and Teng Daiyuan launched an uprising in Pingjiang, capturing the county seat and reorganizing the rebel forces into the Red 5th Army. Later, the Red 5th Army moved to the border of the three provinces of Xiang'e, Hubei and Gansu, and created a revolutionary base area.
Kong also participated in the uprising and withdrew from Pingjiang with his troops. According to the central order, the guerrillas were combined with the Red 5th Army into 5 columns, and Kong Hepet served as the leader of the first column. In 1930, when the Red Army attacked Changsha for the second time, the 1st Column of the Red 5th Army and the Xiang'e-Ganbian Independent Division and other units were merged into the Red 16th Army, with Kong Hepet as the deputy commander.
The following year, Kong Went to Ruijin, Jiangxi province to attend the First National Congress of Soviets and was elected as a member of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission. After the meeting, he was ordered to return to Pingjiang to establish the General Headquarters of the Xiang'e-Gansu Border Region, serving as the commander-in-chief and commander of the Red 16th Army, and became an important general of the Red Army.
Because of his bravery in battle, Kong Hepet was praised by the central government many times. On August 1, 1932, he, Chen Yi and 30 other Red Army generals were awarded the Red Star Medal of the Second Class by the Central Committee. People who have worked with Kong Hepeng recall that he has high prestige in the ranks and a certain military talent.
However, with the rapid promotion of the position, Kong Hepet's heart began to swell.
Stills of the Red Army
Militarily, Kong Hepet showed a love of brute force. When fighting, he commanded according to his own wishes, was unwilling to listen to the advice of his subordinates, and even often disobeyed the orders of the central authorities and did not cooperate with the actions of the central Red Army. Kong Hepet's obstinate behavior caused great damage to the troops.
At that time, the enemy mobilized heavy troops to launch an all-out attack on the Red Army, and 3 enemy divisions attacked Pingjiang. Kong Heyu did not listen to the advice, commanded the troops to fight hard with the enemy, and suffered heavy losses in several consecutive battles.
In particular, in the winter of 1932, during the battle of Wanzai Zhumu Bridge, the enemy had already constructed and transferred troops and was heavily guarded. At that time, the ice and snow, the road was very slippery, the blockaded Red Army had not been supplied for a long time, and many soldiers were wearing single clothes. Kong Heyu still commanded the troops to attack many times, and the casualties were extremely large.
In the end, under the command of Kong Hepet, the Red 16th Army fought to only 2 regiments with a total of more than 3,000 people, which was reorganized into the Red 16th Division.
Even the Red Army rebel general Gong Chu wrote in his memoirs in his later years: "During his tenure as commander of the Sixteenth Army in Xiangdong, Kong Hepet bought some meat on weekdays, and sometimes played sparrow cards as a play..." Not only that, at that time, the army stipulated that no officers and soldiers were allowed to bring their families, but Kong Hepet took his wife with him.
These behaviors of Kong Hepet gradually aroused the dissatisfaction of the officers and men of the troops, and the central leaders also noticed that there were some bad signs in him.
In November 1932, at the Second National Congress of Soviets, the central leadership severely criticized Kong's blind activism in military affairs. Many comrades attending the meeting also criticized it one after another. After the meeting, Kong Hepet was dismissed from his post and arranged to study at the Central Red Army University.
The Central University of the Red Army has trained a large number of outstanding commanders for the Red Army, and arranged Kong Hepet to study here, with the original intention of hoping that he would have some precipitation, learn more military and political knowledge, and be a means of education and salvation.
But Kong Hepet did not understand it in this way, he could not listen to the criticism of the central leaders and comrades, believed that he had been treated unfairly, his will began to become depressed, and he felt pessimistic and disappointed about his future. After the end of the study, Kong Hepet was assigned to work in the Central Mobilization Department, lost the right of military command, and his inner dissatisfaction became more obvious.
In July 1934, on the eve of the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" struggle, the Kuomintang mobilized an unprecedented number of troops to encircle the Central Soviet Region. In the fierce fighting on the outskirts of the Soviet zone, the Red Army suffered some defeats, the area of the Soviet zone became smaller, and the situation became critical. Kong He's pet saw that he had completely lost confidence in the revolution.
On the 25th, Kong Heyan took advantage of the opportunity to inspect the troops on the front line and defected with his aide-de-camp to the Zhou Hun Yuan Department of the Kuomintang 36th Army. He then sent his adjutants back to Pingjiang to take his mother and brother to Nanchang.
The name Kong Hepet appeared extremely frequently in both The Kuomintang newspapers of the time and the later declassified Nationalist War Reports, and he was once a figure who caused a great headache for the Kuomintang authorities. Old Jiang was no stranger to Kong Hepet, and when he heard the news of his rebellion, he was overjoyed and immediately sent a telegram to Nanchang and personally received him.
The site of the Shazhouba Revolution
Kong Did not come empty-handed in order to fight for his position in the Kuomintang. When he was preparing to defect, he quietly drew a map of the distribution of the party, government, and military organs stationed in the central government of Shazhouba and gave this map to Lao Jiang. Old Jiang was even happier to get this picture. He called Kong "the harbinger of the red army's disintegration" and ordered the Air Force to bomb the central organs of the Communist Party of China according to the map.
On the same day that Kong He was received by Old Chiang Kai-shek, Kuomintang planes indiscriminately bombed Shazhou Dam. The central authorities were forced to move to Marble Hill, west of Ruijin, but fortunately, due to the poor bomb-throwing skills of the Nationalist pilots, the bombing only damaged a corner of the Central Auditorium.
As a reward, Lao Jiang gave Kong Hepet a huge sum of money and arranged for him to serve as a staff officer for the Nanchang camp. Kong Hepeng also worked hard to cooperate with the Kuomintang propaganda. He wrote many articles slandering and slandering the Red Army and published them in the Kuomintang press. The Kuomintang Nanchang camp also made its articles into pamphlets and distributed them over the Soviet zone by plane, disturbing the hearts and minds of the soviet army and the people.
Kong Hepet once gave a speech at the Jiujiang Correctional Institution, where most of the unidentified party members and progressives were imprisoned. Kong declared that "the Kuomintang was benevolent and lenient" and persuaded them to "abandon the dark and turn to the light." In addition, Kong Hepet also gave speeches at many important organs of the Kuomintang to cheer them up.
In October 1934, after the Central Red Army began the Long March, it left some troops in the Soviet zone to persist in guerrilla warfare. Kong Hepet actively offered advice to the old Chiang Kai-shek and put forward the proposal of "three points of military and seven points of politics." In the end, he was arranged to serve as the special commissioner for recruitment in the Xiang'e-Gansu Border Region. Chiang hoped to use his influence in the Red Army to lure in the guerrillas.
In Xiushui County, the center of the Xiang'e-Gansu District, Kong He's pet hung up a sign entitled "Xiang'e-Gan-Gansu Border District Recruitment office" and used various means to lure the guerrillas operating in this area. Because Kong He was familiar with the guerrilla generals and their laws of activity, under his hard work, a group of cadres eventually surrendered and became traitors.
According to the Jiangxi Daily of the Republic of China, from September 1934 to June 1935, the Xiang'e-Gansu Border District Recruitment Office recruited more than 880 guerrilla officers, more than 8,600 soldiers, and more than 500 rifles to surrender. Although this data is obviously exaggerated, it can also fully show that Kong He's favor had a great impact on the guerrillas.
Of course, not everyone is willing to be a traitor. Fang Zhimin recounted the enemy's interrogation in "A Brief Description of My Revolutionary Struggle":
The Kuomintang judge asked, "Do you know Kong He's favor?" ”
Fang Zhimin replied: "I have heard his name, he is a shameless thing." ”
The judge said: "You say that he is shameless, but we say that he is conscious, and he is now extremely trusted by the above, serving as a major general senator, with a monthly salary of five hundred yuan!" ”
Fang Zhimin smiled lightly: "I am different from him, I don't love titles or money." ”
After the Outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Kuomintang and the Communists cooperated for the second time, and old Chiang Sent Kong Hepet to negotiate with the guerrillas led by Fu Qiutao and Tu Zhengkun in an attempt to induce them to surrender. Fu Qiutao and others told the Kuomintang liaison officer: "If Kong He is sent here, we will kill him as soon as we meet." It can be seen that the guerrillas hate this traitor.
Fang Zhimin
Kong He's words and deeds had an extremely bad impact on the Red Army. To this end, Bogu also wrote a special article "Falling Garbage - Kong He's Pet", exposing his ugly face as a traitor.
After the fall of Wuhan, Chen Cheng also learned from the Eighth Route Army to organize guerrillas to contain the Japanese army. Kong He, who had rich guerrilla experience, was favored by him and served as the commander of the first guerrilla advance column of Xiang'egan, and once again held the military power.
According to the recollections of some parties involved, Kong's guerrilla column was clearly different from the guerrilla column led by Kuomintang officers. He regarded the Red Army as the backbone of the rebellion and strict military discipline. Although he broke away from the Red Army, he was educated by the Communist Party and knew that guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines could only survive if it gained the support of the common people.
At that time, Kong He's department was stationed in Tongcheng, Hubei Province, and he often sent people disguised as various occupations to enter Hankou to investigate. Later, it was learned that the Officers and Men of the Japanese Army were on Holidays on Sundays, most of them went out shopping, and there were only a few guards stationed in the garrison.
Kong sent people to infiltrate the city with weapons, attacked the Japanese guards after the Japanese were out, and carried out a batch of gun-making equipment and transported them to the wooden boats prepared in advance. Later, Kong Hepet transported this batch of equipment back to his hometown of Pingjiang, and secretly built a repair house in the dangerous Beishan Mountain, which could make 2 pistols a day.
In April 1941, Kong Hepet was appointed lieutenant general of the Provisional 54th Division of the Kuomintang, which belonged to the 9th Theater of Operations. At this time, Kong Hepet's heart began to swell again. In the nationalist army, even the local military miscellaneous troops could hardly gain the trust of Lao Jiang, and the supplies were very small, not to mention Kong Hepet, a general who had defected.
Kong was also well aware of this, while secretly mobilizing young people from Pingjiang to join the army and expand the size of the army. While expanding his own repair shop, his repair shop at that time was able to produce 25 20-shot barge fast and slow machine pistols per month. Later, it was also successfully copied into a Czech-style portable light machine gun, which can produce 24 per year.
But inflation has always come with danger.
Yang Sen, deputy commander of the Ninth Theater and commander of the Twenty-seventh Army, entered Pingjiang and took a fancy to Kong He's repair center and proposed to cooperate with it to set up a factory. The cunning Kong Hepet realized that this was a partnership, and it was clear that he wanted to annex his own repair house. Kong Hepet was naturally reluctant to sacrifice his family foundation and rejected Yang Sen's proposal.
Janssen
A small division commander was so ignorant of lifting, and Yang Sen was very unhappy after being rejected. He sent a senior officer to inspect the institute in the name of visiting, but was unexpectedly blocked by the guards of the institute. This completely angered Yang Sen, who personally led the guard troops to the repair center, hoping to borrow the official's power to break in.
Unexpectedly, the commander of the company guarded by the repair center was also a hard stubble. He immediately refused, saying: "The ordnance repair center is built by the Fifty-fourth Division, the military industry is a heavy place, and no one is allowed to enter without the warrant of the division commander." Soldiers take obedience to orders as their duty, and ask Commander Yang not to be embarrassed by his duties. ”
Janssen was furious and was about to order the guards to break in. But suddenly seeing that the mountains around the repair center were filled with machine guns, he finally did not dare to act rashly. This incident made Yang Sen's face dull, and Kong Hepet completely offended him. Immediately after Yang Sen returned, he reported to old Chiang Kai-shek: "Kong He's pet has privately expanded his strength and manufactured guns, and the officers and men under his command are absurd in their daily words and deeds, slandering the government, and it seems that they will plot against them." ”
Although Kong He's pets continued to rise after the rebellion, these were only needed for combat and temporarily used. Old Jiang had a very important criterion, and he would never trust traitors. When Kong Hepet was the commander of the guerrilla column, he was often sued for robbing the guns of the soldiers. Since then, Lao Jiang has arranged many cronies in Kong He's troops, and has also sent military command agents to closely monitor them.
This time, the contradiction between him and Yang Sen intensified, and the old Jiang faced a trade-off. Although Yang Sen was a local warlord, he was also loyal after defecting to Lao Jiang, and fought from the Battle of Songhu to Hunan, always obeying orders and supporting Lao Jiang in battle. Between Yang Sen and Kong Hepet, regardless of status or role, it is not difficult for Old Jiang to make a choice.
In the winter of 1942, Kong Hepet received orders to lead his troops to Changsha to reorganize and reorganize. The Ninth Theater Command held a meeting of all division officers, at which Kong Hepeng and the command cadres he had organized were all dismissed.
Later, the Military Justice Department of the Ninth Theater sentenced Kong Hebao to 6 years in prison for forging documents, which was finally reduced to 3 years according to the method of commutation. He was not released until April 1946. Anyone with a discerning eye can see that this "forged document" is a false accusation, a consequence of offending Janssen.
After his release from prison, Kong He's heart was like ashes, and he confessed to his friends that he dared to touch politics again and said that he wanted to do business. However, Lao Jiang was still uneasy about him and instructed the secret service agents of the Secrecy Bureau to monitor him. Kong Hepet first lived in Wuhan and later traveled back and forth to Guangdong to sell Western medicine and foreign goods. But at that time, it was in a state of war, inflation was severe, there was no backstage support, and business was not easy to do.
In 1947, Kong Moved to Nanjing and wrote a report to the Kuomintang Wuhan Xingyuan job. Chen Cheng put forward the proposed opinions and prepared to transfer Kong He's pet to Wuhan to serve as a major general. Old Jiang expressed deep suspicion of his sudden coming to seek employment, and did not agree with Chen Cheng's opinion, but instructed the Secrecy Bureau to continue to monitor.
Decipher the description of Kong Lotus pet in the archives
Later, the Kuomintang soldiers were defeated, and Kong Hepet never waited for the news of the launch. On the eve of the Battle of the Crossing River, he fled Nanjing, sneaked to Yunnan and changed his name to Zeng Fusheng to marry a female physician named Ye Zihua. They opened an obstetric clinic in Kunming in 1950, but Kong felt it was too prominent in the city and later moved to the town.
After liberation, Pingjiang County began to investigate the whereabouts of the traitor Kong Hepet, but there has been no news. Later, someone found that a fellow villager who had been following Kong Hepet had returned from other places, and the local public security organs immediately mobilized and educated him. This person eventually revealed the whereabouts of Kong Hepet, and Kong was arrested and arrested.
On August 13, 1956, Kong Hepet died of severe kidney disease in Beijing Public Security Hospital.
A true revolutionary like Fang Zhimin only has ideals and convictions in his heart and does not ask about his personal future. Even if you give your precious life without the slightest fear, what is the point of a little criticism and grievance? However, because Kong Hepet suffered a little criticism, he began to be pessimistic and disappointed, his will was shaken, and eventually he defected. This is not a matter of thought, but the inevitable result of speculative psychology.
Kong Heyu probably thought that he could get a better future by defecting to the enemy camp, but he didn't know that the traitors would not be trusted no matter which camp they went to, they would only be used as tools, and once they lost their use value, they would be abandoned. Sadly, traitors will never realize this and will always be lucky. This doomed their lives to a tragic end!
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