People who know a little about China's modern history know the name of Qian Zhuangfei, who is the prototype of Qian Zhijiang in "Dark Calculations", together with Li Kenong and Hu Di, called "Longtan Sanjie", and broke into the core department of the secret service. In 1931, Gu Shunzhang was arrested and defected, and the Party Central Committee in Shanghai was facing great danger, and Qian Zhuangfei risked his life to send intelligence in time to protect the safety of Zhou Enlai and many other party leaders.
Zhou Enlai has said many times: "If it were not for Qian Zhuangfei, those of us would not be there long ago." ”
Qian Zhuangfei
Qian Zhuangfei was not only a great revolutionary, but also a polymath, a graduate of the Beijing Medical College, specializing in calligraphy, painting and radio technology, filming, directing and writing plays, and designing the Red Army Martyrs' Memorial Tower.
Qian Zhuangfei's descendants inherited his artistic talents, and there were filmmakers in four generations of the family, which is rare in the history of Chinese cinema. Among them, the most outstanding is her daughter Li Lili, who was known as the "Four Heavenly Kings" of the Mingyue Song and Dance Troupe together with Wang Renmei, Xue Lingxian and Hu Di in the old Shanghai, and became the "Four Famous Dans" of "Lianhua" together with Ruan Lingyu, Chen Yanyan and Wang Renmei, and had a huge influence in song and dance and its films.
Lily Li
Li Lili was born on June 2, 1915, her original name was Qian Zhenzhen, and the word "蓁" means Maosheng. She also has a nickname "Xiao Wang", and her parents want her to have a strong vitality.
Li Lili's parents are both underground workers of the party, running around in a fixed place, Li Lili's childhood was spent in turmoil, working as a maid, studying Peking opera in the drama class, and entering an orphanage.
Pan Hannian, Li Kenong and others often came to Qian Zhuangfei's home, the adults held meetings upstairs, and Li Lili stood guard downstairs and sent a guard, and when there was an emergency, she ventilated to the home.
Li Lili once saved Chen Geng's life when she was a child, and when she was on the sentry, she found that the enemy was coming, and immediately notified Chen Geng to escape. But the only time Chen Geng was arrested in his life was because of Li Lili. When Li Lili became famous, Chen Geng planned to go to the daughter of his old friend Qian Zhuangfei to see her performance, but was recognized by the traitor.
Because Chen Geng was one of the Three Masters of Huangpu, he had saved Chiang Kai-shek's life and escaped from the battlefield with Chiang Kai-shek on his back, so Chen Geng was not killed.
After the founding of New China, when Chen Geng met Li Lili, he also said, "We are too lucky, you once saved my life, and then I was arrested to watch your performance."
Chen Geng
In order to facilitate underground work, Qian Zhuangfei and Hu Di founded the "Guanghua Film Company" in Beijing in 1925.
During this period, Qian Zhuangfei filmed a martial arts film "Yanshan Xiayin", starring his wife Zhang Zhenhua, daughter Li Lili, son Qian Jiang, and Qian Yiping's family of five. Zhang Zhenhua played Qian Zhuangfei's mother, and Li Lili played Qian Zhuangfei's sister.
Lily Li recalled: "In the film, my mom played my dad's mother, and I played my dad's sister. There was a scene where Dad's father wanted to drive him out of the house, Dad's mother was reluctant to let his son go, just crying, I dragged my brother (Dad) and didn't let him go, I also had to cry, but I couldn't cry, but laughed. Because I think I'm dragging my dad, but I call my brother in my mouth, which is ridiculous. This scene was filmed many times, my mother got angry and beat me, I really cried, and finally it was filmed. ”
After filming, everyone praised her for her acting talent, which was the beginning of Li Lili's relationship with the movie.
In 1927, Li Lili moved from Beijing to Shanghai with her parents. Mr. and Mrs. Qian Zhuangfei traveled for revolutionary work and did not have time to take care of their children. In order to arrange a place for his daughter, Qian Zhuangfei saw in the newspaper that Li Jinhui was preparing for the Chinese Song and Dance Troupe to recruit new students, so he took Li Lili to apply for the examination. Li Jinhui looked Li Lili up and down, thought she was beautiful and cute, and nodded her head to let her stay.
Li Jinhui is a pioneer of Chinese pop music, the song and dance troupe he founded is the earliest and most professional song and dance group in China, the members are both singers and shadows, and the stars cultivated are Li Minghui, Wang Renmei, Zhou Xuan, Ying Yin, Xu Lai, Nie Er, etc., which can be described as star-studded, and half of the stars of the entertainment circle of the Republic of China are here.
Li Lili is good at dancing, Wang Renmei's singing is very prominent, they and Xue Lingxian, Hu Di four people, known as the "four kings" of the song and dance troupe. As early as the Republic of China era, there was the title of "Four Heavenly Kings".
When the song and dance troupe went to Hong Kong to perform, Li Lili and eight other girls wore long white dresses to sing the "Premier's Commemorative Song" commemorating Sun Yat-sen: "We, the premier, propagate the revolution, and the blood of the revolution is like a flower." The overthrow of the dictatorship and the establishment of China..." Many viewers automatically stood up and applauded, and such a scene made Li Lili unforgettable.
After the dissolution of the song and dance troupe, the homeless Li Lili recognized Li Jinhui as her righteous father, changed her surname to Li Li, named Li Mingli, and later changed her name to Li Lili.
In 1931, Li Jinhui's song and dance troupe joined the Lianhua Film Company in Shanghai. Li Lili and Wang Renmei entered Nanyang High Business while working as actors, going to school during the day and filming at night.
Li Lili Wang Renmei
The days of half-work and half-reading were the happiest days of Li Lili's life, and at that time, more than a dozen left-wing films such as "Gadgets", "The Great Road", "Wolf Mountain Blood", and "Plugged in the Wind" were filmed.
The first film starring Li Lili was "Volcano Love Blood", which tells the love story of a study abroad man and a stray girl. Li Lili was enthusiastic and enthusiastic in the film, taking the initiative to get close to the shy male protagonist, and was considered the most bold and open actress at the time.
Li Lili is very fond of sports, sprinting, swimming, basketball, tennis are very proficient, and also did diving performances at the opening ceremony of the Shanghai Swimming Pool, which can be described as a modern girl.
Li Lili starred in the pioneering Work of chinese sports films created by the great director Sun Yu for her, "Sports Queen", which conquered the audience with a healthy, sexy and era-rich image, and became an idol for students and young people.
The appearance of Li Lili is different from the image of the heroine who can't help but be windy in previous movies, representing the young people who were in the midst of a prosperous time pursuing progress and advocating a healthy and bright lifestyle.
Sports Queen
In 1933, the Radio-Acoustic Daily launched a film star selection activity, and Li Lili, Hu Die, Ruan Lingyu, Jin Yan and others were jointly elected as China's top ten stars.
Li Lili and Ruan Lingyu cooperated in two silent films, "Gadgets" and "National Style", Li Lili said that her acting is to play herself, and Ruan Lingyu can act in anything. She recalled:
"Ruan Lingyu is already a first-line star, but she is still very willing to teach us newcomers to act." Ruan Lingyu reads a lot of Chinese and foreign novels, and when she is fine, she does not chat with others, she is always reading novels. Moreover, when we made the movie, the sound movie had not yet appeared, and everyone did not care about the Cantonese accent when she spoke, and the she I knew was far from the depressed Ruan Lingyu who was depressed and bent on death. ”
Li Li Li Ruan Lingyu
1934's "The Great Road" focuses on a group of road construction workers who sing "Pioneers", showing the spirit of Chinese who are not afraid of sacrifice for the survival of the nation, while also showing the masculine beauty of men. There is a scene in "The Road" where Li Lili picks up Chen Yanyan, and the two snuggle up to each other and lie down on a recliner, intimate for several minutes, which seems very avant-garde and bold today.
Li Lili Chen Yanyan "The Road"
Director Sun Yu cooperated with Li Lili in 6 films, exploring the unique temperament of Li Lili's youth and bodybuilding, breaking through the inherent aesthetics, shaping the female image full of the atmosphere of the times, and leaving a strong mark for the early Chinese film industry.
Zhang Ruifang, a well-known film performance artist, said: "I am three years younger than Li Lili, but she became popular on the beach as early as the 30s, which is a predecessor for those of us who only started acting in movies in the late 40s."
She started acting at a very young age, and she liked it very much when we were middle school students. She and Wang Renmei have brought a healthy new air to the film industry, their images in the film are so fit and vibrant, Li Lili's smile is very sweet, at that time there was a "sweet sister", her image often appeared in Shanghai film pictorials.
The healthy, lively characters she portrayed in the film at that time were different from our later generations, and she was very conscious, in line with the trend of progress, from the inside out. ”
In 1935, Li Lili heard the bad news of the sacrifice of her father, Qian Zhuangfei. Qian Zhuangfei accompanied the long march to Jinsha County, Guizhou Province, went to the Wujiang River to reconnoiter the enemy's situation, learned about the route of crossing the river, and unfortunately was killed by bandits in the dense forest of the mountains on the riverside.
In his letter to her, Qian Zhuangfei wrote affectionately: Making good use of art is enough to save the country; misusing art tempts people to degenerate. The short 16 words influenced Li Lili's lifelong artistic pursuit. Under the influence of her father, she starred in a number of anti-Japanese films.
In 1936, Li Lili participated in the film "Wolf Mountain Blood" directed by Mr. Fei Mu, which used the villagers to fight wolves as a metaphor for resisting Japan. The "Wolf Song" in the film is high-pitched and loud: "There are yellow wolves in the east mountain, white wolves in the west mountain, and the four square people shout and raise knives and guns everywhere." ”
"I'd rather fight a wolf to death, but I can't live without my hometown!"
Li Lili benefited a lot from this film: "Mr. Fei Mu said that the appearance of an actor is secondary, and the beauty of art is mainly dependent on the soul of the actor to shape the character. ”
After the outbreak of the Battle of Songhu in August 13, Li Lili was determined to devote herself to the War of Resistance and did not hesitate to give up the work of Lianhua Company, and the 1,000 yuan that the company owed was no longer needed. She immediately ran to the front line and threw herself into the work of rescuing wounded soldiers. In the hospital for wounded soldiers, she washed the blood-stained gauze bandages, scrubbed the wounds of wounded soldiers with broken legs and few arms, and fed them food.
At that time, Wuhan became the center of the War of Resistance, and Li Lili joined the Chinese Film Studio in Wuhan.
The Chinese film studio decided to start filming the anti-war film "Blood and Loyal Souls", with Li Lili as the female lead. Li Lili met Luo Jingyu, deputy director of the factory's technical department, in Wuhan filming "Blood Loyal Soul", once the two of them went to Hankou on a business trip together, the train was crowded, and Li Lili, who was grinning a lot, did not even bring a mattress, Luo Jingyu gave the mattress to Li Lili, and slept on the hard board bed.
Mr. and Mrs. Lilly
Li Lili was deeply touched by Her warm care for Luo Jingyu, and the two young people naturally came together.
At that time, the soldiers were in chaos, Li Lili was eager to settle down and want to start a family, and on March 16, 1938, she and Luo Jingyu held a wedding in Wuhan, with Guo Moruo as the witness and the Dutch documentary master Evans delivered a congratulatory speech. As the wedding was in progress, the air defense sirens suddenly sounded, the Japanese planes began a new round of bombing, and everyone hid in the air raid shelter and completed the wedding under artillery fire.
In 1939, after Li Lili married to Hong Kong to shoot "Far Island Paradise", when pregnant, she tightened her belt in order to not see on the camera, resulting in the birth of the child only five pounds, named Luo Kangsheng, that is, the famous photographer Rodin. Li Lili gave birth to her daughter Luo Xiaoling in Chengdu in 1941.
In 1946, Li Lili went to the United States to live for a period of time, studying acting at the Catholic University of Washington, D.C., studying language and vocal music in New York, studying makeup at the Summer School of the University of California, and observing internships in Hollywood. Some Americans asked her to play the role of insulting Chinese, but Li Lili refused without discussion.
Lily Li in the United States
In May 1949, Li Lili went to Beijing to attend the First Cultural and Art Congress. After liberation, Li Lili entered the Beijing Film Studio as an actress, and only acted in one movie, "Wise Huashan".
In 1955, Li Lili entered the Beijing Film Academy's special training class, stayed on to teach as a professor in the acting department, quit the film industry to devote herself to film education, and took care of the descendants of martyrs until her death.
The first semester exam of the Beijing Film Academy Actors' Specialty Class, with Li Lili in the middle.
Li Lili's younger brother Qian Jiang became a famous photographer in New China, and his representative works include "Lin Family Shop", "Revolutionary Family", "Honghu Red Guards", "Blessings", "Haixia" and so on.
Qianjiang
Later, the movement came and Li Lili and his wife were affected, and in January 1970, Luo Jingyu committed suicide with hatred, at the age of 60.
Li Lili stubbornly survived that era, just as her father Qian Zhuangfei named her "Zhen Zhen", which represents "lush, strong, and infinite vitality." ”
In 1978, the 63-year-old Li Lili and the famous painter Ai Zhongxin entered into marriage again and re-tasted the happiness of twilight love.
Ai Zhongxin's oil painting for Li Lili
Li Lili's son Luo Dan and Qian Jiang's son Qian Tao both became photographers and achieved success. When Rodin was working as the cinematographer of the film "Wilderness", he met Ye Xiangzhen, the director of the film and the daughter of Ye Shuai, with the pen name Lingzi. The two then married, Rodin was Ye Xiangzhen's second husband, and Ye Xiangzhen's first husband was the famous pianist Liu Shikun.
Starring Liu Xiaoqing and Yang Zaibao, "Wilderness" sensationalized the country in the early 1980s and won the Hundred Flowers Award for Best Feature Film, and after Liu Xiaoqing won the Hundred Flowers Award, Ye Xiangzhen also established himself as an excellent director in the Chinese film industry.
field
Li Lili's daughter Luo Xiaoling became the director of the China Children's Film Factory, married Pan Jinyuan, a photographer of the Bayi Factory, and gave birth to a daughter Pan Jie.
In 1988, Pan Jie starred in China's first horror film, "The Lonely Soul of the Black House", and was the first model to go from the T-stage to the big screen. In 2003, Pan Jie played her grandmother Li Lili in "Jasmine Blossoms" directed by Hou Yong and starring Zhang Ziyi Chen Chong. Liu Qiong, who co-starred with Li Lili in "Wolf Mountain Blood", said that Pan Jie and Li Lili are very similar, and Li Lili also hurts this child the most.
Pan Jie
Sun Yu wrote to Li Lili half a month before his death: "The days when I report to Marx will not last long. In July 1990, Sun Yu died of illness in Shanghai, and the 75-year-old Li Lili worked tirelessly to rush from Beijing to Shanghai Longhua Funeral Home to send off her teacher in the music of "Big Road".
Li Lili Sun Yu
Hong Kong director Kwan Kam Peng filmed the movie "Ruan Lingyu", played by Maggie Cheung as Ruan Lingyu, Liu Jialing as Li Lili, and in her later years, Li Lili looked back on the past in the film, which was her last appearance on the screen.
In the middle is Li Lili, played by Liu Jialing
In 1991, the China Film Performing Arts Society presented Li Lili with the "Special Honor Award of the Society", affirming her historical contributions to Chinese cinema.
In 2004, Li Lili attended the 10th Huabiao Awards ceremony in a wheelchair, and she said affectionately in front of the camera: "I am 90 years old, I have been doing movies all my life, and I have made some insignificant scenes. But our descendants are making movies. When it comes to works, my children and grandchildren are my best works! ”
When Li Lili was in her 80s, she published her memoir "Flowing Water in the Clouds", which recorded the creative process of early filmmakers and was also a historical microcosm of the changes in China over the past century.
On August 7, 2005, Li Lili completed a legendary and brilliant and bumpy life at the age of 90. Her last words before she died were to the medical staff: "Your service attitude is really good. ”
Li Lili was the last 1930s film star to die, and her departure marked the end of an era of Chinese cinema.
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Key References:
"A Century of Flowing Clouds"
"Hero 丨 Qian Zhuangfei: The Red Legend in the History of Our Military's Espionage"
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