Not as good as a tweak

The Book of Han is another famous work of canonical history after the "Records of History", and it is the second book of the Twenty-Four Histories, but its process of writing is rather tortuous. Today we see that the author of the Book of Han is named Bangu, but in fact, the book was written by Bangu's father, then Bangu and Bangu's sister continued to write, and finally completed by The students of Bangu's sister.

The reason why Ban Gu did not complete the Book of Han was that his friend Dou Xian committed suicide, and he was implicated and imprisoned, dying in prison... When Bangu was in prison, he wrote a poem titled "History of Yong", which is the earliest epic poem of ancient Poetry that we can see today, telling historical stories to express emotions.

Ban Gu's "History of Yong", which was evaluated as "quality wood without text", is a text without any embellishment, focusing on telling a story, this story Lao Wang saw for the first time when he was a child, he was deeply impressed:

The three kings were thin, but later they were tortured by corporal punishment. Taicang Ling was guilty and handed over to Chang'an City. Self-hatred is childless, and the sleepy qióng is extremely lonely. The little girl said bitterly to her father that the dead should not be born. Under the book, sigu song "Chicken Singing". Worry shattered, and "Morrowind" roared. Emperor Xiaowen of the Holy Han Dynasty was deeply touched. Kuì (愦) 愦, not as good as a tí yíng.

This poem tells the story of "Ti Qian saving his father", which is recorded in the "History of The History of Emperor Xiaowen", "The Biography of The Chronicle of the Bian Quecang Gonglie", and the "Biography of the Daughters of Qi Taicang". The story is like this, in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, there was a famous doctor named Chun Yuyi, who was a native of Zibo, Shandong Today.

Chun Yuyi served as the "Taicang Order" of Qi Di and was the official who managed the granary. During the reign of Emperor Wen of Han, he was accused of violating the criminal law, and he was arrested and sent to Chang'an (present-day Xi'an). Chun Yuyi has no sons and only five daughters. When he was arrested and sent to Chang'an, several daughters cried and sent him, and he became angry, scolding, "Having a child and not having a son, now that there is an urgent matter, there is no child to help."

Today,we pay attention to equality between men and women, and I don't know if today's girls will be angry and sad if they hear their father say such a thing? Chun Yuyi's youngest daughter, Ti Qian, was very sad when she heard this, and she decided to follow her father to Chang'an. From Zibo in eastern China to Xi'an in Shaanxi in the west, it spans China.

Chun Yuyi is a criminal, and Ti Hao's journey is naturally not a sightseeing pleasure. At that time, there were no high-speed trains, planes, mountains and forests everywhere, and wild beasts at night... It is estimated that Ti Hao's age is probably a little girl in her teens. What kind of journey does Ti Hao have to go through to reach Chang'an? We can guess...

When Ti Hao arrived in Chang'an, how would he rescue his father? She wrote a letter to Emperor Wen of Han: "Concubine father is an official, Qi Zhong called him incorruptible, and now sits in the law and is punished." Concubines who cut pain to the dead cannot be revived, and those who are tortured cannot be renewed, although they want to reform themselves, their way is inexplicable, and they cannot be obtained in the end. The concubines wished to become official concubines in order to atone for their father's sins and to make them rehabilitate. ”

First of all, she did not say that her father was not guilty, but admitted that his father was guilty, punished for his guilt, and had a good attitude of admitting mistakes. Then he told Emperor Wen of Han that my father had once been an incorruptible official. She then said her father was going to be physically punished. Those who inflict corporal punishment are either dead or disabled and never have a chance to rehabilitate themselves.

Therefore, she does not need to absolve her father of his sins, but replaces his sins with herself. Ti Hao is a lady of the official family, who belongs to the middle and upper classes of society, and now she has become a slave and has become the lowest level of society, which is to atone for her father's sins. Such a request was reasonable, and Emperor Wen of Han was moved by Ti Qian's letter, which not only exonerated Chun Yuyi of his crime, but also abolished corporal punishment.

Tuo (Water Margin stills, picture from the Internet)

What is "corporal punishment"? It is the punishment of mutilation of the body. The main ones are 黥 (qíng thorn face, ink, like the character tattooed on the face of Liangshan Good Han in the Water Margin), 劓 (yì, cut nose), 刖 (yuè, one left and one left to cut off toe), Gong (the kind of punishment that Sima Qian suffered), and Da Pu (death penalty).

Ti Hao said that "the prisoner cannot be renewed" should be one of the swords, swords, and palaces, and what Emperor Wen of Han abolished was also three kinds of corporal punishments of 黥, 劓, and 刖, because later in the second year of Emperor Wu of Han (99 BC), Sima Qian interceded for Li Ling, and was punished by Emperor Wu of Han and punished by the palace, and the death penalty has always existed. Regarding the time when Emperor Wen of Han abolished corporal punishment, the Chronicle of the Bian Quecang Gonglie records the fourth year of Emperor Wen, while the Records of Filial Piety records the thirteenth year of Emperor Wen, and the Book of Han and the Criminal Law Chronicle also records the thirteenth year of Emperor Wen (167 BC).

As for what crime Chun Yuyi committed, scholars have different opinions. Some people think that he did not treat people' diseases, and the patient's family resented him and framed him; or did not treat the qi king, and the Qi family became angry and falsely accused him because of the death of the qi king; or the king of Wu, the king of Zhao, the king of Jiaoxi, and the king of Jinan summoned him, and he did not see him, and the kings were dissatisfied and falsely accused him; or that he "hid himself" and violated the household registration policy of the Han Dynasty, because he "did not treat people and the sick family complained a lot."

Sima Qian commented on Chun Yuyi that "women have no beauty and evil, and they are jealous in the palace; there are no virtuous and unscrupulous people, and they are suspicious of entering the court", probably because Chun Yuyi's medical skills are too good, but they are jealous of all parties and are framed.

Chun Yuyi as a famous doctor left a history, doctors are not actually his job, just his hobby. And Chun Yuyi's youngest daughter, Ti Qian, not only saved her father, but also saved other people who suffered corporal torture, making "Ti Qian save her father" a classic story passed down from generation to generation.

So when Ban Gu was locked up in prison, but his sons were outside committing adultery and there was no way to rescue his father, Ban Gu naturally thought of history and lamented that Ti Hao, as a little girl, could rescue her father, and no matter how many boys she gave birth to, she was not as good as a Ti Hao. "Chicken Singing" and "Morning Wind" are both poems in the Book of Poetry, and it is said that Ti Qian also sang these two poems at that time to express his desire to meet Emperor Wen of Han.

We always have the impression that there are few records of women in the ancient patriarchal situation. Taken as a whole, it is true... In ancient times, women were able to leave their names very few, and they were often added to the male appendage, such as the appearance of Timothy as the "daughter" of Chun Yuyi.

But let us not lose sight of the fact that Sima Qian has created us a vivid image of a rational, courageous, and tenacious young girl. Ti Qian's letter to Emperor Wen of Han can be seen in her high emotional intelligence and her filial piety to her father. In this way, the image of a woman with both kindness and wisdom breaks through the limitations of attachment, breaks through the label of gender, and exudes the brilliance of being a "person", so that we can still see it more than two thousand years later.