This year is the final year of poverty alleviation. Located in the southwest of Yunnan Province on the border between China and Myanmar, the Manban Three Teams Village Group of Manban Village in Brown Mountain Township, located deep in the mountains and almost isolated from the world, maintained the most primitive production and lifestyle of slash-and-burn cultivation and mountain forest hunting until the end of the last century. There are 58 people in 17 households in the village, and in 2014, all of them were identified as poor people in Lika. How can such a village achieve poverty alleviation?
From once living in thatched shacks, slash-and-burn farming, backward and closed, to now living in dry-column houses, intensive farming, and communicating with the outside world, the manban three-team village group in Manyuan Village, Brown Mountain Township, has been relocated twice, and by 2014, production and life have gradually stabilized.
In 2001, the staff of the Manban Three Teams Village Group relocated from the place Luo Xiaohao, the current agronomist of the Brown Mountain Agricultural Center: The road from production (near Laozhai) is too far, and every time you work you have to go down the river, it is not convenient, it is indeed inconvenient, there is no road, and then it has been withdrawn one after another.
It turned out that as early as 2001, in order to change the closed and backward production and living conditions of the Manban Three Teams Village Group, the local government relocated the villagers from the deep mountains to the new houses built uniformly next to the highway. However, in the following 5 years, all the villagers spontaneously moved back to the deep mountain village. In 2009, the local government once again relocated the villagers to their current residence across the river from Laozhai and built a series of supporting facilities, and the villagers completely bid farewell to the thatched houses. After the second relocation, the per capita net income of the villagers increased from 350 yuan in 2008 to 2380 yuan in 2014, but it was still lower than the national poverty standard of 2800 yuan that year. Therefore, in 2014, all 17 households and 58 people in the village were identified as poor people in Lika, and the Manban Three Team Village Group is still a deeply impoverished village.
Dong Chen, deputy township chief of the BrownShan Township People's Government of Menghai County: One thing that impressed me more was that at that time, our county brought some materials, rice, oil, quilts and other materials to them. Two days later, I came in again, only to find that many quilts were gone, and the oil was gone, and they exchanged wine with the people in the village next to them.
After thorough investigation, the local government found that the production mode is backward, the natural economic concept and the idea of "waiting, relying on, and wanting" are serious, and the living habits and behavior methods are far away from modern civilization. In 2015, Menghai County compiled the "Pilot Program for accurate poverty alleviation of the Lahu ethnic group of the Manban Three Teams in Brown Mountain Township", invested 26.71 million yuan, established 46 projects, improved infrastructure conditions, and at the same time dispatched 4 cadres to form a village team stationed in the village to enter the Manban Three Teams Village Group with only 17 households and 58 villagers, and gradually eliminated "cultural" poverty and eradicated poverty by supporting shuangzhi (wisdom), changing bad habits, and teaching technology.
Zha Pei, leader of the third team of manban village in Brown Mountain Township, Menghai County: When people from outside come in, some people in our village quietly face their homes and dare not come out, and some people run away and dare not talk to you.
In order to facilitate communication, the task force specially arranged 3 Lahu cadres, and they also noticed that the villagers liked to communicate in a different way.
Li Yaling, executive vice chairman of the Menghai County Trade Union: It is a good way to teach them to dance and sing, and in singing and dancing, in some entertainment activities, it is easy for them to accept that we have elements of our work running through them.
As a result, the three village groups of Manban set up a choir to invite teachers and singers from outside to communicate, and gradually, the historical and cultural traditions of the Lahu people, the social spiritual outlook of the new era, and the importance of learning to accept new things were also imperceptibly conveyed to the villagers through songs. As long as there is an opportunity, the task force will take the choir out of the mountains to participate in the competition, or take the villagers outside to investigate and study, so that they can broaden their horizons, change their concepts, work hard to get rich, take the initiative to expand reproduction, and be mobilized.
Today, the paddy field area of the Manban Three Teams Village Group has expanded from the original 71 mu to 92 mu, and rice and corn can be harvested twice a year; the planting area of large-leaf bitter tea has expanded from 60 mu in 2015 to 464 mu now, and the average household tea garden is 27 mu, which has become a reliable guarantee for the income of villagers. The living environment and village appearance have been renewed, and some bad living habits and stereotypes have been gradually overcome. In 2018, 17 poor households in the manban three-team village group have achieved the goal of "two worries, three guarantees" poverty alleviation, got rid of long-term absolute poverty, and got rid of poverty.
Huang Yunbo, director of the Poverty Alleviation Office of Yunnan Province: Establish and improve the system and mechanism for monitoring and early warning and preventing the return to poverty, highlight the improvement of quality, do a good job in industrial employment, follow-up assistance for poverty alleviation and relocation, and strive to realize that the poor masses are rich in both heads and pockets.
Manban Three Team Village Group: Training Reserve Cadres to Consolidate Poverty Alleviation Achievements
The overall poverty alleviation of the three village groups of Manban is largely done on the basis of policy guidance and the help of the village-based task force. After all, the 4 team members stationed in the village are going home, how can the local selection and training reserve cadres help the manban three team village team consolidate the results of poverty alleviation, and ensure that the stable poverty alleviation does not return to poverty?
When our reporter came to the manban third team village group in mid-November, it was the local agricultural leisure season, rice, corn, and grain flower tea had been harvested, and it was slightly deserted to enter the village.
Zha Pei, leader of the manban third team village team in Manban Village, Brown Mountain Township, Menghai County: Twenty or thirty people went out. Part of it I introduced, part of it they would go looking for themselves.
Zapei is 22 years old this year, 16 years old out of the village to work outside, is the first young people in the village to go out to work, in the tea garden, field, construction site, garage have worked, because of the initiative, down-to-earth hard work, last year was selected by the villagers as the village group leader, he is the youngest village group leader in Brown Mountain Township, just got a noble son at the beginning of the month, the first father, there is a burden on the body. Like all young people, Zapei likes to play with mobile phones, shop online, send circles of friends, and in his circle of friends, you can often see the dynamic of helping villagers bring goods.
Zha Pei, leader of the third team of manban village in Brown Mountain Township, Menghai County: Next year, our family team will leave, and I will also learn from the task force, and in the future, when our family team is not there, I will still manage it, like our family team, this is my responsibility. We also go out and look around the outside world to see how rich other villages are, our family is lagging behind now, take it slowly, work slowly, and if you are not lazy, you will slowly become like the people outside.