Pig and poultry feed has high efficiency in adding oil and fat

Adding grease to feed has become one of the important measures to improve the production performance of animals. The melting point above 38 ° C (or 40 ° C) is called cow fat or animal fat, such as pig fat, mutton fat, etc.; the melting point below 38 ° C is called oil. Feed with oil and fat, easy to be used by pigs and poultry, saving a lot of grain feed; can improve the palatability of feed, improve daily weight gain; in the summer can effectively reduce heat stress loss, in winter can increase the ability to withstand cold.

Source of grease

Animal fats: Raw materials for animal fats and fats, mostly derived from by-products of meat processing plants. For example, the fat part of the meat piece, the visceral and inedible butcher part, the fat cut by the tannery is also one of the important sources, the oil residue effect of the food processing plant is also better, and the animal product fat price can also be purchased when the price of animal products is low.

Vegetable fats: Some vegetable oils and their oil feet can be fed. Commonly used vegetable oils are: peanut oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, palm oil and so on. Cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil and flax oil contain a certain amount of toxins. It should be properly treated before being applied. Detoxified cottonseed oil still contains a small amount of gossypol and cannot be used in breeding pigs and poultry so as not to damage reproductive function.

Add scales and effects

1, piglets: suckling pigs add 5% to 10% of the diet, which can significantly improve the growth rate. The addition of 5% to 6% of the fat to the diet of weaned piglets can increase the weight of weaned piglets by 5% to 10%, and the feed consumption per kilogram of weight gain is reduced by 7% to 15%.

2, grow fattening pigs: according to the test: medium pigs (35 ~ 60 kg) add 1% of the oil can receive adsorption dust, reduce waste, improve the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and other effects. Fattening pigs weigh more than 45 kg, and the added oil cannot exceed 5%, otherwise it is easy to lead to obesity. Add plant fats, not more than 1.5%, otherwise it will cause carcass softening.

3, sows: pregnant sow feed to add oil and fat should be 2 to 3 weeks before delivery, add an appropriate amount of oil in the diet, do not have to worry about milk thickening and causing diarrhea in piglets. However, it can effectively promote fetal growth, increase primary weight, and produce more uniform and healthy and lively piglets.

The addition of oil during the lactation phase can significantly increase the milk fat rate and the content of oleic acid in the milk fat, which can increase the weight of the weaning nest by 6%. The most important thing about high-energy diets is to shorten the estrus time after weaning, thereby significantly improving the overall production efficiency of sows.

Pregnancy - the amount of fat added to nursing sows can generally account for 5% to 10% or 10% to 15% of the diet.

4, broiler chicken: China's meat chicken diet to add oil and fat has gradually been paid attention to. Generally, the amount of added oil is about 10% of the diet.

5. Layer chicken: 6% of the oil was added to the daily diet of the layer chicken, and the egg production rate was increased to 76.20% compared with the control group of 70.69% ; the material consumption ratio decreased from 1:2.79 to 1:2.43, the egg weight increased from 60.5 grams to 61.5 grams, and the average daily egg production per day increased from 42.57 grams to 46.90 grams.

6, turkey: the addition of oil to the corn-based diet of turkey increases the weight gain of 140-day-old roosters. The amount added generally accounts for about 8% of the diet.

Add a process

The animal oil and fat addition process is divided into four processes: heating, metering, pressurization and oil injection.

1, heating: with a 3 kilowatt electric heater inserted into the oil drum for preheating, so that the animal oil from solid to liquid, each barrel takes about 1 hour, the oil temperature of 50 ~ 70 °C.

2, manual measurement: the requirements are accurate, the measured grease is poured into the quantitative barrel with the piston oil level gauge, and the meter is used multiple times.

3. Pressurization: The hot oil passes through the 1.5BA-6 oil pump, the pressure is 1.7 kg square centimeters, and it is pressed into the injection cylinder.

4. Oil injection: two injection pipes are directly inserted into both sides of the mixer. The diameter of the injection holes is 1.5 mm, a total of 150, and the total injection area is 265 square millimeters. The ratio of the pump outlet area to the injection hole area is 3.84:1 to improve the injection intensity, and the injection time is 30 seconds.

Precautions

1, control the number of additions, not the more the better. In general, young birds should be added more appropriately, pigs and poultry should be added less in the later stage of fattening; modern varieties with high cultivation should be added more, and local varieties should be added less. It is difficult to feed high-yield pigs and poultry with sufficient energy, so it is necessary to add oil and fat. It is best to do small batch tests in each pig farm and poultry farm, and according to the test results, the proportion of addition is determined.

2. Ensure the quality of oil and fat. Must be odor-free. Prevents doping, oxidation, denaturation, mold, toxicity and contamination. An appropriate amount of antioxidants needs to be added to prevent rancidity. Commonly used oil antioxidants are BHT (dibutyl hydroxytoluene) or BHA (butyl hydroxyanisole), the two are often used together, the common concentration is 0.005% to 0.02%. But can not use ethoxyquine. Because ethoxyquine is determined by reactive oxygen species, it volatilizes before oxidation.

3, pay attention to the energy ratio. When adding oil and fat, it is necessary to increase the supply of protein and amino acids accordingly to prevent the lack of protein and amino acids due to the addition of oil and fat.

4. After adding grease, the supply of vitamin B12 and vitamin C must be increased in the feed, which is convenient for the absorption and utilization of fat and improves the utilization rate of feed.

5, the addition of grease must be gradual, from less to more, and gradually reach the full amount of design.