In the 1980s, because the ideological influence of the "Left" had not yet been completely eliminated, it was still a problem of the times for intellectuals to join the party, which plagued those outstanding intellectuals who had long followed the party and demanded to join the party but could not.
Today, the political positioning of intellectuals as part of the working class has long been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Adhering to the belief that "the party's original heart is my heart", Chinese intellectuals in the new era have actively thrown themselves into the grand cause of realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. On April 26, 2016, General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed in his speech at the forum of intellectuals, model workers and youth representatives: "The work of intellectuals is a very important work of the Party. Party committees and governments at all levels must earnestly respect knowledge and talent, fully trust intellectuals, and strive to create better conditions for the vast number of intellectuals to work, study, and live. ”
Let intellectuals join the party and bid farewell to the pain of an era
Text/Ye Hui
On November 8, 1979, the second page of Guangming Daily published a report entitled "The Story of Gong Fuyong, a teacher from a landlord's family, joining the Party."
The protagonist of the report, Gong Fuyong, graduated from high school in 1957 and returned to teach at the school of Zengjia Commune in Ba County, Chongqing City.
He led the students to cultivate land, practicing work-study, half farming and half reading. Through his efforts, by 1971, all children of the Vanguard Brigade were enrolled in school free of charge and lower secondary education was universalized. Gong Fuyong was so devoted to running the school that his members praised him and elected him to attend the county's teachers' congress in 1977. He had the desire to join the party, but he hesitated when he thought that his origin was not good. After smashing the "Gang of Four," he plucked up his courage and applied to join the party.
However, the local commune party committee has always refused to join the party. The matter attracted the attention of Ding Changhe, the secretary of the municipal party committee, who repeatedly instructed the relevant departments to pay attention to Gong Fuyong's joining the party, but in the end they were all stuck by the commune party committee. Although the commune party committee had no objection to Gong Fuyong's advanced deeds, some party committee members insisted that there was no "precedent" since the founding of the People's Republic of China to develop teachers like Gong Fuyong who came from a landlord's family and worked in their own townships to join the party. After repeated work, the Party Committee of Zengjia Commune reluctantly agreed to approve Gong Fuyong as a reserve party member of the CCP.
Gong Fuyong's experience is a microcosm of the difficulty of intellectuals joining the party at that time.
Not to mention that ordinary grassroots teachers like Gong Fuyong, even Wang Ganchang, a famous nuclear physicist and hero of the "two bombs and one star," pursued the process of joining the party for half a century, and it was not resolved until the age of 72.
Wang Ganchang, one of the founders and pioneers of nuclear science in China
The famous writer from Wei Xi has pursued the party since he was young, but his road to joining the party is also long and tortuous. When Guangming Daily published a front-page headline on July 5, 1983, the headline of his membership in the party was accompanied by a commentary entitled "Dignity and Integrity."
From Wei Xi, a contemporary writer, important works include "Red Magnolia Under the Big Wall" and "White Sails Gone Away".
The difficulty of intellectuals joining the party was once the pain of the times. As the object of "unity, help, and transformation," intellectuals have always borne the brunt of every political movement after the founding of the People's Republic of China. During the Cultural Revolution, intellectuals became the "stinky old nine" of discrimination in the whole society. Against this background, it is very difficult for intellectuals to join the party.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the fate of Chinese intellectuals underwent a fundamental change. According to statistics, in the decade from 1978 to 1988, the party and the government issued more than 600 documents on intellectuals, and the Party Central Committee made it clear politically that "intellectuals are part of the working class", proposing that "science and technology are the primary productive forces" and "respecting knowledge and respecting talents" have become the core of the intellectual policy in the new period. One of the most powerful manifestations of respecting knowledge and talent is to let intellectuals join the party.
To solve the problem of intellectuals' difficulty in joining the party, we must first break through the obstacle of origin. On January 11, 1979, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Decision on the Issue of Landlords and Rich Peasants Removing Their Hats and the Composition of the Children of the Rich", which removed the hats from all the rich local elements so that they would no longer be discriminated against in enrolment, recruitment, joining the army, joining the party, and assigning jobs. Thus, the door of the Party began to be opened to intellectuals from families of exploiting classes. It is in this context that Guangming Daily astutely launched the report "Gong Fuyong's Entry into the Party".
However, discrimination and prejudice against intellectuals will not be completely corrected in the short term. Many outstanding intellectuals who pursue progress continue to be excluded from the party.
Luan Mo, an outstanding intellectual who has pursued the party for more than 30 years. On March 26, 1981, the character newsletter "Pursuit" published by Guangming Daily wrote that when Luan Mo was hospitalized, Wang Ling, secretary of the general party branch of the Department of Chemical Engineering of Taiyuan Institute of Technology, went to visit him, and there was such a moving description:
Suddenly, Wang Ling stopped her mouth in surprise, because Luan Mo's cold and trembling hand grabbed Wang Ling's wrist, and at the same time, his two lips trembled like a child, and only a heartbroken person would have this expression.
"Old King, it's too late." He whimpered.
"What's too late?"
"I'm alive and too late to be a party member. I have asked many times, and the party has said that it will be tested for a long time. It was too late, and it would only be two months before the test. ”
"It is the party that has given our generation of intellectuals ideals and beliefs, and how I wish I could take the oath under the party flag." After my death, I asked for an organizational review of my history and all my work, and I finally followed the Communist Party for thirty years..."
This pious "last wish" is like a fiery fire, roasting everyone's chest. How can the teachers of the Department of Chemical Engineering forget that Luan Mo, who had been locked up in the "cowshed" for four years, had just announced his "liberation" in the morning, and in the evening, he sent the sixth application to the party branch to join the party!
After learning of Luan Mo's deeds, Wang Daren, secretary of the Shanxi Provincial CPC Committee, said excitedly: "If every party member is like Comrade Luan Mo..." In his opinion, Luan Mo not only meets the requirements of party members, but also can become the best among party members.
What is gratifying is that under the care of the higher-level party organization, Luan Mo was suddenly approved to join the party before his death.
"Pursuit", which records Luan Mo's story, has been adapted into TV series, radio dramas, dramas, film scripts, and comic strips
A comic strip recording the story of Luan's joining the party
Luan Mo was lucky. There are still many intellectuals who pursue progress who have failed to enter the embrace of the party as they wished!
Why can't we get outstanding intellectuals to join the party organization as soon as possible? An important crux of the matter lies in the "Left" mentality. These intellectuals, because they come from exploiting class families and are educated in the old society, are rejected from the ranks of the working class and cannot become true "comrades".
In the atmosphere of the times of respecting knowledge and respecting talents after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, a large number of leading cadres in the party have realized the important role of recruiting intellectuals to join the party organization, they have taken the initiative to understand the situation of outstanding intellectuals who have followed the party for a long time and asked to join the party but cannot, and have run up and down to solve the problem of their joining the party, coordinating left and right. In addition to The Chongqing Municipal Party Committee Secretary Ding Changhe's concern about the problem of ordinary teacher Gong Fuyong joining the party, and the shanxi provincial party secretary Wang Daren's appreciation of Luan Mo, the problem of bird expert Zhao Zhengjie's joining the party was also satisfactorily resolved under the supervision of Liu Jingzhi, secretary of the Jilin Provincial Party Committee.
Even so, solving the problem of intellectuals joining the party is not achieved overnight. An important reason is that the leading bodies of some units are still controlled by some people who are deeply rooted in "Left" ideology and stubbornly resist the central line since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, resulting in the fact that in these units, intellectuals like Zhao Zhengjie are discriminated against politically, suffer hardships in their work, and join the party.
The Guangming Daily's report was sharply aimed at some leading cadres who obstructed intellectuals from joining the party. On July 13, 1984, Guangming Ribao published a headline on a page about Chen Qingkun, secretary of the party branch of the Fengfeng Mining District in Handan City, Hebei Province, who had been dealt with by his superiors for violating the law and obstructing intellectuals from joining the party: "Violating the party's organizational principles and conducting non-organizational activities Chen Qingkun obstructed intellectuals from joining the party and was dismissed from his party post."
On March 27, 1984, guangming daily published a page entitled "Why can't Mao Beilei, the national outstanding class teacher, join the party?" The article reported the experience of Mao Beilei, a 58-year-old national outstanding teacher in Hongkou District, Shanghai. Mao Beilei submitted more than a dozen written applications to join the party, and the school's party branch approved her application to join the party, but the organization department of the district party committee never approved it on the grounds of unfounded rumors from Mao Beilei's neighbors. Guangming Ribao seized on this typical case to expose it, and on March 30 published an editorial on a front page entitled "Effectively Solving the Problem of Intellectuals' Difficulty in Joining the Party.", which pointedly pointed out: The crux of the problem of intellectuals' difficulty in joining the party lies in the "Left" ideology. Under the strong role of public opinion supervision, the issue of Mao Beilei's joining the party was finally resolved. On June 17, a page of Guangming Daily published a report that "Mao Beilei was approved to join the party."
On June 8, 1984, the guangming daily published the news "The crushing incident of Peng Daoru's Invention Award, associate professor of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, has been resolved", and a short commentary was issued, which detailed Peng Daoru's long-term suppression and more than thirty years of requesting to join the party but not allowed. On June 24, the newspaper published another page titled "What Lessons to Learn from peng Daoru's suppression?" "Column, carry out continuous reporting. Soon, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications held an award ceremony, Peng Daoru was promoted to two levels of salary, the award was 10,000 yuan, and his problem of joining the party was also solved.
It can be seen from the above-mentioned report of Guangming Ribao that solving the problem of intellectuals joining the party is not an overnight matter; only when the concept of respecting knowledge and respecting talent is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and an atmosphere is formed, and only by completely removing the prejudice against intellectuals from people's minds can the problem of intellectuals joining the party be truly solved. As the link and bridge between the Party Central Committee and the intellectuals, Guangming Daily's reports on the difficulties of intellectuals joining the party ran through the 1980s.
(The pictures in this article are all derived from Baidu pictures)
The emphasis is on the triumph of expressing policy
Gong Fuyong, a teacher from a landlord's family, joined the Party
Reporter / Li Weizhong
【The article was originally published in Guangming Daily on November 8, 1979】
On November 8, 1979, Guangming Daily published an article entitled "The Chronicle of Gong Fuyong, a Teacher Born in a Landlord's Family," joined the Party
After graduating from high school in 1957, Gong Fuyong returned to his hometown of Zengjia Commune in Ba County, Chongqing City, and successively taught in schools in several townships. He led the students to cultivate land, practicing work-study, half farming and half reading. By 1971, all children of the Vanguard Brigade had attended school free of charge, and junior high school education had been popularized in mountain villages. Gong Fuyong was bent on running a school, and he was forty years old and had not yet married. The members praised him, and in 1977 he was elected to attend the county teachers' congress. However, because Gong Fuyong was born into a landlord family, he could not join the party for a long time. One year, teachers from Chongqing Second Normal School took students to visit the Pioneer Brigade School and stayed in the school for a week. At the farewell party, a student representative of the Second Normal School spoke and expressed his loyalty to the party's educational cause like Teacher Gong. These words touched Gong Fuyong's heart, and tears could not help but burst out of his eyes. A teacher sitting next to him quietly asked him, "Teacher Gong, what's wrong with you?" "No, nothing." Gong Fuyong shook his head and forced a smile. After the classmate finished speaking, he applauded with everyone, but his heart was very uneasy. He has been back home for nearly twenty years, eating at school, sleeping at school, and busy at school. He had the desire to join the party, but he hesitated when he thought that his origin was not good. After smashing the "Gang of Four," he plucked up his courage and applied to join the party.
One day, Comrade Ding Changhe, secretary of the municipal party committee, and his party set off from the commune, walked along the winding and rugged mountain road for more than ten miles, and walked to the school to visit, only to see that the classrooms were clean and refreshing, and the chinese medicinal materials planted in the field such as yellow gardenia, Yimixi, and Eucommia were lush and lush. Comrade Ding Changhe inquired in detail about the development of the school and its future plans, and put forward some suggestions on how to further run the school well. Comrade Ding Changhe, like an old friend, said kindly to Gong Fuyong: "I heard that you still have some concerns, afraid that some people will look down on you. The party's policy is to focus on performance, and I see that the brigade and its members support you. These words greatly encouraged Gong Fuyong and brought tears to his eyes.
On the way back to the commune, Comrade Ding Changhe asked the responsible comrade of the commune party committee: "How many party members are there in the vanguard brigade school?" The answer was that there was none, the school was run by Gong Fuyong, and the principal was concurrently held by the secretary of the party branch of the brigade. Comrade Ding Changhe said: "A good teacher like Gong Fuyong can pay close attention to training." ”
Ding Changhe, secretary of the municipal party committee, despite his ever-to-be work, often worries about Gong Fuyong's joining the party. He inquired many times, and the answer he always got was: I have submitted a written application to develop into the party, and I have to go through a "long-term test."
Last July, at a provincial education work conference held in Chengdu, Ding Changhe approached the director of the Ba County Bureau of Culture and Education and once again asked about Gong Fuyong's joining the party.
The director of the Bureau of Culture and Education said: The party branch of the primary and secondary schools of the Zengjia Commune has discussed joining the party through Gong Fuyong and asked him to fill out a volunteer letter for joining the party, but the materials reported to the party committee of the commune have been "stuck." The commune party committee had no objection to Gong Fuyong's advanced deeds, but some comrades insisted that the development of teachers like Gong Fuyong who came from a landlord's family and worked in his own hometown joined the party, and since the founding of the People's Republic of China, there was no "precedent" and it was necessary to "take a look" and then say.
Comrade Ding Changhe laughed and said, "Everything must wait until there is a precedent to be done, how can society develop?" If a comrade like Gong Fuyong joins the party and sets a precedent, there will be a second and third case. ”
Shortly after this meeting, Comrade Ding Changhe interjected when listening to a report by the organization department of the municipal party committee on the development of party members among intellectuals in the city: "To develop party members among intellectuals, we must grasp typical examples, and the policy of focusing on performance cannot just be verbal, but must have action. I have asked Gong Fuyong several times about the issue of joining the party, but I have heard that it has not yet been resolved. You can investigate. ”
According to the instructions of the municipal party committee, the organization department of the municipal party committee, together with comrades from the organization department of the Ba county party committee, the county cultural and educational bureau, and the Huxi district party committee, came to Zengjia Commune to investigate the problem of Gong Fuyong joining the party. The investigation team came to the bamboo forest brigade where Gong Fuyong lived, and the secretary of the party branch of the brigade praised Gong Fuyong and said: "Many of our party members and comrades are inferior to him. Such a good comrade has been tested for twenty years, and when will he have to test it! The investigation team returned to the commune, and the commune party committee still had differences of opinion on the development of Gong Fuyong's joining the party, and some comrades insisted that Gong Fuyong was from a landlord family and did not agree to development. At the end of the investigation, an investigation report entitled "Can a Teacher Like Gong Fuyong Join the Party" was sent to the desk of Comrade Ding Changhe, who has already served as the first secretary of the municipal party committee. Comrade Ding Changhe gave instructions in the report: "We must focus on political performance." The investigation team once again came to Zengjia Commune to exchange views with the members of the commune's Party committee. Some people said: "Why don't the children of so many poor and lower-middle-class peasants in the commune develop into the party, but instead develop the children of landlords like Gong Fuyong?" "Gong Fuyong also gives five yuan a month to his landlord mother, which is a class line that is not clear." In view of this kind of thinking, the investigation team patiently talked about policies and the requirements of the four modernizations on education, and said that some comrades had a clear idea of their thinking, and finally unified their ideological understanding and agreed to develop Gong Fuyong into the party. Last October, Gong Fuyong was approved as a preparatory member of the Communist Party of China, attended the Chongqing Municipal Education Work Conference, where he was named a model educator and later served as the vice principal of the Pioneer Brigade School. The Pioneer Brigade School was also rated as one of the advanced units on the city's education front.
*A new reading of this issue of the old newspaper appears in the Digest Newspaper, March 31, 2018, page 8
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There are thousands of articles in the world, and there are always those "unusual", such as navigational signs, such as stars, shining brightly. They are either the marks of time, or the testimony of history, or the coordinates of the times, or the cry of fate, or the long songs of the world... These articles are not only "beautiful", but also "true", but also very "real", highlighting the strength and strength of the text. Mr. Zhu Guangqian said: "Age often makes the most ordinary objects have a kind of beauty. Moreover, some articles are so "unusual" at the beginning.
40 years ago, China's doors were open. An era of reform and opening up, such as a magnificent picture scroll, slowly unfolded. In the 40 years of reform and opening up, China is waking up, China is transforming, China is leaping, and China is flying. The process is spectacular, the process is gripping, and the process is endlessly evocative.
"Digest" opened a column entitled "Old Newspaper New Reading", imagining that these moving and "unusual" chapters will be reopened, reawakened, rearranged, and rearranged, please read, please taste, please think, please think, this piece of the cornerstone of the new era, help you to ascend to the heights and look far ahead, towards the direction of the future.