Institute of Ancient Books, Jinan University Zhao Canpeng
If the life of the book is likened to a river, to borrow the language of the French anthropologist Lévi Strauss, this linear, diachronic element takes on the appearance of flow. At the same time, the relative relationship between the main body and the tributaries, the original and the repair, the first and last of the brushing age, the completeness and fragmentation of the volumes, the perfection and damage of the engraving, the high and low value of the edition, and the depth and shallowness of the degree of collation make the edition genealogy have a rich and complex structural level. Scholars go back and forth, trying to grasp the context of the intervening. My viewspan is limited and I am still far from my goal. Perhaps it is more appropriate to paraphrase the symbolism of the Zhou Yi, the revision of the Book of Liang is not a completion of "both economics", but a process of "uneconscionable".
There are eight copies of the revised version of the Book of Liang, and the number is relatively large. Among the ten revised editions of the Twenty-Four Histories, they are the same as the Book of Sui, second only to the ten of the Records of History. However, it is still missing the remnants of the Song Dynasty book collected by the National Palace Museum in Taipei, which is the one we especially want to crown at the beginning of the book. Zhonghua Bookstore has also made a lot of efforts, due to the epidemic, the tight publication time, and various other reasons, it has not been able to show it to readers as desired, and it is regrettable. As a second best plan, there is now no way to use a photocopy of the hundred copies as an alternative, and the first class of authentic manuscripts.
A photocopy of the Song Dynasty
Remnants of the Song Ben
The remnants of the Song Dynasty in Taipei are the original copies of the Baiquan Ben, and are the most precious of the surviving editions of the Book of Liang. I made statistics, the whole book has a total of 703 leaves, of which the original version of more than 70 leaves was engraved during the Southern Song Dynasty Shaoxing, and the supplementary version of the Southern Song Dynasty was 130 leaves, and the total Song version was about 210 leaves, accounting for 30% of the whole book. The six three dynasties used in the revision (including the above map, the national map, the Taipei "national map" and the Collection of Japan's Jingjiatang and cabinet libraries) are not found in the original version of the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the supplementary edition of the middle of the Southern Song Dynasty is only about twenty leaves, and the gap between the two is very large.
Of the fourteen volumes of the remnant Song Dynasty, of which the number of Leaves of the Song Edition is more than twenty leaves, the second book (thirty-six leaves), the fourth book (twenty-eight leaves), the first book (twenty-six leaves), and the eighth book (twenty leaves). During his visit to the National Palace Museum in Taipei, Jing Shuhui learned that the second volume had been exhibited as a Song edition of a good book, and it seemed that the principal of the academy was very professional. However, the Song edition leaves in the first and second volumes belong to the supplementary editions of the middle of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the original editions engraved in the early Southern Song Dynasty are not found. I read the whole book more carefully and found that the eighth volume of the original edition had eighteen leaves, the most concentrated. The photocopied song characters of the Baiyuan ben we have chosen are from this volume.
Three Dynasties
The Book of Liang has fifty-six volumes, the remnant Song dynasty has forty volumes, the missing sixteen volumes, and the Hundred Books are supplemented by the Three Dynasties. There are about ten surviving Three Dynasties (and several other fragments) that have survived, and six have been used in revisions, but none of them are the ones used by the Hundred Dynasties (the book contains the Records of the Embers of Hanfen Lou, which is known to have not been destroyed in the "One Hundred and Twenty-Eight" war in Shanghai, and is suspected to still exist between the heavens and the earth).
Shuying chose three kinds of three dynastic books. The collection of the Shanghai Library is the base copy of the "Chinese Reconstruction Rare Book", which was originally the collection of yuan's "GangFa Yi Zhai" in Xiangtan, Hunan. Incidentally, it can be mentioned that the former site of Gangfa Yizhai is located on Wukang Road in Huxi, near the ancient Fahua Temple. In the early 1950s, Mr. Gu Jiegang took advantage of the Yuan collection to write twenty-five volumes of the Fahua Reading Book (Gu Jiegang's Reading Notes, vols. 5 to 6).
The Rare Book of Chinese Reconstruction is a photocopy of the Three Dynasties Edition in the Shanghai Library
There are two kinds of three dynastic books in the national map, the first one is better than the above picture collection, the engraving situation is better, and the text residue is less, but it has a serious defect, which is the inscription "Jiajing × Year Supplement" at the elephant trunk above the center of the Ming Dynasty supplementary engraving leaf, all of which have been removed, which may be that the old booksellers have done some processing, so the version is suspected of distortion. The reason why the "Chinese Reconstructed Rare Book" chose the above picture collection should be considered in this regard. The book shadow we chose is a leaf with a better appearance of the supplement in the middle of the Southern Song Dynasty, the text strokes and the column line of the plate frame are relatively complete, and the brush printing age should be earlier than the above picture of the tibetan version, put together for comparison, the situation is very clear.
The National Library of China holds one of the Three Dynasties
The second type of national map, the Three Dynasties, is inferior in appearance, and there are many bad editions of que texts, but in the book (the end of volume 39) there is a passage made by the Song people Zeng Gong and others, which shows that the appearance of the Song Dynasty is still partially preserved. This leaf is suspected to be a supplementary version of the Yuan Dynasty, and it is the only one seen in the three dynasties that exist today, and it is very precious.
The National Library of China holds two of the Three Dynasties
Now it seems that the degree of perfection of the engraving of the Three Dynasties Ben used in supplements by the Bai gong ben seems to be inferior compared with the several we have seen. A few examples can be given.
According to the "Biography of Deng Yuan" supplemented by the Three Dynasties Edition, the 17th leaf version has a line of ink pen small characters on the right edge of the frame, indicating that the right half of the leaf is missing the upper half, and according to the Beijian Ben supplement, the four characters to the cross range. The situation in the Que Text is the same as that of the National Map Collection (II), the Taipei "National Map", and the Cabinet Library Collection, while the above figure and the National Map Collection (I) are not missing words. When the Baiquan ben was added, a new error (dissertion) occurred, and corrections were made in the revision.
The Baiyuan Ben photocopy of the Song Da characters, this leaf according to the Three Dynasties Ben supplement
The situation in Volume 22 of the Biography of King An Shing Kang is also similar. There is a line of ink pen small characters on the left outer edge of the fourth leaf plate frame, indicating that the left half of the leaf is missing the last three lines, which are supplemented according to the North Supervisor. The situation of the Que Text is the same as that of the National Map Collection (II), the Taipei "National Map", and the Cabinet Library Collection, while the National Map Collection (I) is complete in layout, and the above picture and the Jingjiatang Collection are only missing three words in each line of the upper part.
Another example is volume 45 of the "Biography of the Monk of the King", which is also supplemented by the Three Dynasties Book, and the thirteenth leaf (left half leaf, lines 1-2) "Favor Zhang Solong" sentence. The character "why" is indistinct, the above figure, the national map collection I, the Jingjiatang collection book is "both", the national map collection ii, the Taipei "national map", the cabinet library collection is unclear, and the North Supervisor Book and the temple book are "so". It can be inferred that the Baiyuan Ben is based on the Three Dynasties Ben Man, so according to the Beijian Ben description, it was changed to "So" (Zhang Yuanji's "Liang Shu School Survey" was not out of school, and it was a secret change). However, the Nanjian Ben, the Jiguge Ben, and the Jinling Bookstore Ben are also made "both" and "so" after the word out, and when it is changed to the Beijian Ben, we have revised it.
Nan Jian Ben
The Nanjian ben that is now included in the book shadow is the Qing Shunzhi and Kangxi manuscripts collected by the National Map, and there is a Qing Li Ciming approval school. At the beginning of the revision work, the Zhonghua Book Company provided the Nanjian edition collected by the library of the bookstore, which was revised for Qing Shunzhi, and there was no Kangxi revision in the book, which was earlier than the national map collection, and there were anonymous criticisms between them, mainly historical commentaries. The consideration of the choice between books and shadows is that Li Ciming's criticism of the school book is included in the "Bibliography of Ancient Chinese Books", which is more precious. The academic value of the Li School was relatively high, and it was compiled by Mr. Wang Chongmin during the Republic of China into nineteen volumes of the "Notes on the Reading history of Yuemantang". The revision refers to the notes of the Book of Liang and the History of the South. The "Notes of the Book of Liang" was formerly used as this proofreading (the "Notes of the Book of Liang" was mistakenly written as the Beijian Ben at the beginning of the volume, so some scholars falsely spread false rumors that Li Ciming's "Liang Shu Notes" were based on the Beijian Ben, which was inaccurate). There is a Li's approval proofreading in the selected leaf tiantou of the book, the content is basically the same as the "Liang Shu Notes", and the excerpt is found in the revised volume 56 proofreading, readers can refer to it.
The National Library of China holds the Southern Library of China
There is one issue that deserves a brief discussion here. The Twenty-first History of the Southern Jianben is the most commonly used version of the history of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and it was not completely withdrawn from the historical stage until the fire that destroyed Jinling in the tenth year of the Qing Dynasty (1805). Since the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the new editions of the history books have been used for more than 200 years, and the "Book of Jin", "Book of Tang", "History of Song", and "History of Yuan" have been engraved since the Yuan Dynasty and the early years of the Ming Dynasty, and the life span is as long as 400 to 500 years, which can be called a miracle in the history of publishing (the situation of the previous three dynasties is similar). Because it is a commonly used version, large-scale brush printing, the book version is easy to damage, after frequent repairs and replacement of the version of the leaf, it is not easy to find the original version of the Southern Prison during the Wanli Period. During the Republic of China, Mr. Zhang Yuanji photocopied the Hundred Books of Liang, and the Que Scrolls were supplemented by the Three Dynasties Edition, and the place where the Que characters were bad was supplemented by the Beijian Ben (instead of the Nanjian Ben), which should be due to the failure to obtain the original Nanjian Ben. As far as the eye can see, the Book of Liang, which is stored in the Shanghai Library and the Cabinet Library of Japan, belongs to the original edition of the Ming Dynasty. The collection of the Institute of Oriental Culture of the University of Tokyo in Japan has not been found in the whole book, but in terms of the shadow of a leaf book in the volume, it should also be the original version of Wanli.
A distinctive feature of the original Wanli New Edition of the History of the Southern Supervision Book is that there are engraved names and word counts below the center of the edition (for example, the first leaf of the book of Liang has the words "Deng Qin Three Hundred and Thirty-Four"). In the later manuscript, the words "Wanli × Annals" at the top of the elephant trunk above the center of the edition are still preserved, but the engraver's name and word count below are removed. In the past, when scholars used the Nanjian Ben, they did not pay much attention to this problem, and it seems that it should be paid attention to in the future.
Mr. Li Guoqing edited the "Complete Catalogue of The Names of Ming Dynasty Periodical Workers" (Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2014), which is a large book containing materials on ming dynasty engravings. Among them, Deng Qin's entry contains 23 kinds of engraved books during the Wanli Calendar, and the History Department has four kinds of Southern Supervision Books, namely "Shi Ji", "Jin Shu", "Nan Qi Shu", and "Five Dynasties Of History", and the "Book of Liang" is not contained. These four kinds of Nanjian engraving materials are indirectly transcribed according to the "First Draft of the "National Library" Book Chronicle in Taipei. The "First Draft of the Book of Good Books" is a collection of the "National Library of Liang" in Taipei, and only the names of five people, including Pei Long, a Ming Dynasty engraver. This version of the image has been published on the website of the National Library of Taipei, and after careful comparison, it is not the original Version of the Southern Supervision, but actually a revised version of the Qing Shunzhi Period. There are a number of que leaves (a total of seventeen leaves) in the book, and the que shu leaves are without exception Shunzhi repair version leaves, this kind of "plastic surgery" is also the mark of the hands and feet of the old shujia. Among them, the original version of the Wanli Calendar year only has four or five leaves, and the engraving information retained is very limited. It is not difficult to imagine that if a comprehensive search and inspection of the history of the original Wanli New Journal of the Southern Supervision Book can be carried out to a large extent, the engraving information of the Ming Dynasty can be supplemented to a large extent.
The Book of Liang, the southern edition of the Shanghai Library, is quite special. Its table of contents is not at the beginning of the whole book, but is inserted into the first of the third book in the book, located after the present era and before the column biography; because the first leaf of the table of contents is missing, so the volume begins with the second column, which may be the result of the other binding of the old book Jia "Concealing the Sky and Crossing the Sea". The clever shujia did not realize the preciousness of this Southern Prison Book. After the catalog, there is a Ding order in the wanli four-year southern supervision of the southern supervision, but there is no pronunciation of Zhou Ziyi, the southern supervisor of the fifth year of the wanli calendar. There is no engraving name under the heart of the leaf version, and there is the word "one hundred and forty-two". This number is consistent with the sum of the last leaf characters of the table of contents, the remaining Ding sequence, and the engraving of the heart text. At the end of the catalogue of the Cabinet Library collection, after the Yu Ding sequence, there is Zhou Ziyi's dialect; below the heart of the edition there is the engraved name Wu Ting, no number of characters. This leaf should be re-engraved when it is added to the Zhou Zi Yizhi language in the fifth year of the Wanli Calendar. The Zhou dialect says that the Libu Song Ben and the Southern History are used to refer to the school, "everything is hundreds of words". It can be seen from this that the above picture is the first edition of the fourth year of the Wanli Calendar, and the Cabinet Library collection is a revised version of the Wanli Five-Year Edition. The above picture of the collection shows an important link in the engraving process of the Nanjian edition and has a high edition value.
The Nanjian Book of Liang in the Cabinet Library has a history. On the eighteenth and nineteenth day of the first month of the third year of the Ming Calendar (1657) in Japan, during the horrific Edo fire, the famous Confucian scholar Lin Luoshan (1583-1657, Mingzhong, No. Raksan) was reading the Book of Liang at his home school, and when he took refuge in an emergency, "Mr. Zhu only ordered a volume of the Book of Liang." He died on the twenty-third day (under the Appendix II of the Collected Works of Mr. Luo Shanlin, under the "Annals", hereinafter referred to as the "Annals"), which was passed down as a good story in later generations. In the history of Japanese Confucianism, Lin Luoshan was known for his "unparalleled ability to read" (Sakamoto Taro, Chapter 3 of the Revision history and historiography of Japan, Peking University Press, 1991 edition), and a year before his death, he said: "I have been young and strong, I know the beginning and end of the dynasties, and I have read tens of millions of volumes, but the twenty-first history has not dripped from beginning to end. If you are lucky enough to save your life for three years, you can fulfill Su Zhi. In this year, he finished the Book of Jin, the Book of Song, and the Book of Southern Qi with a Zhu pen, and read more than half of the Book of Liang in the spring of the following year (under the Annals), and died without paying for his ambition.
The Cabinet Library of The Southern Supervision book "Book of Liang", the first leaf of the catalog has the mark of "Lin's Collection" (Zhu Wen) at the top of the volume, and below it there is an idle chapter of "Jiang Yun Wei Shu". This idle chapter is a common imprint of Lin Luoshan's own collection of books (see Yan Shaoxuan's "Tracking Records of Rare Books of Japanese Tibetan and Chinese Books", No. 3, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2005). At the end of each volume, there is a line of inscription (Zhu Pen) signed "Lin Xueshi", which records the time of reading history, starting from April 17 of the thirteenth year of the Japanese Wide Text (1673, the twelfth year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty) and ending on May 20, and at the end of the book, there is an inscription (ink book) signed "Hongwenyuan Lin Shu". Lin Xueshi (林士), also known as Hayashi (林鹅峰, 1618-1680, no. 1618-1680, name Shu, Ge Feng), was the third son of Lin Luoshan. According to the "Annals", Luo Shan himself had a set of twenty-one rare books, which were unfortunately destroyed in the Edo fire; before that, he used two sets of twenty-one histories in his family's collection to give his second sons Lin Shu and Lin Jing (1624-1661, number reading cultivation). The Cabinet Bunko Tibetan Nanjian Book of Liang, a type of the Efeng Collection.
According to Mr. Yasushi Ozaki's investigation (Chapter 10 of the second part of the Study of the Song and Yuan Editions of the Zhengshi, Zhonghua Bookstore 2018 edition), the Cabinet Library collects Lin Efeng's hand-criticized zhengshi, and there is no "History of History", "Book of Han", "Book of Later Han" and "History of Song", and "Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms" to "History of the Yuan". Hiroshi Tsuchiya's "Solution to the Problem of the Old Books of Lin Luoshan (Chinese Books) in the Collection of the Main Library (2)" ("Kita の丸: National Library Newspaper" No. 48, 2016) has 15 kinds of Texts of the Lin Efeng Hand School Handbook, counting fifteen kinds from the Book of Jin to the History of the Yuan. The first volume of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is inscribed with the night of the five days of winter in the winter of KuanWen Yi mi (1665), and the last inscription of the Yuan Shi is written on the twenty-third day of the autumn of Ding Mi (1677). In the inscription of "History of Yuan", Lin Efeng expressed his deep feelings of reading the whole history: "Yu Chu's weak crown, goodbye to the three histories." In the spare time to revise the General Book of the Dynasty, see The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms and the Book of Jin. In the following years, spring is less peeping into the garden, summer is the light of fluorescent sacs, autumn is the moon of the house beams, and winter is the lamp after the snow. The dew dripped and the pen head withered. Tens of millions of leaves of paper, scrolled to the end of the scroll; twenty-one histories of compilation, and even the end of the scroll. alack! The will of the first examination, the chat can be repaid, the diligence of the micro force, but also has its effect! Shi WeiYanbao's fifth year Ding Weiqiu July 23, occasionally the first examination day, the final big move, not surprising! Lin Goose Feng spent more than ten years to read the twenty-one histories in turn. After the age of fifty, he diligently read the history as a daily lesson, and his perseverance was so strong and admirable that he could really be said to be the son of great filial piety who "succeeded his father"!
North Prison Ben
The shadow of the Book of Liang in the Northern Prison of the National Map is a surprise. The volume of a leaf is of good quality and has a near-perfect collection mark of the three parties, which comprehensively shows its identity as a famous collector. The seals are "Seal of Zou Yi" (白文), "Character Supplement Mountain Number Xiaoting" (Zhu Wen), and "Xishan Banana Green Grass Hall Zou Clan Calligraphy and Painting Record" (Zhu Wen). Zou Yi was a bibliophile in Wuxi during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. There is a kind of "Spring and Autumn Collection" by Li Mingfu of the Song Dynasty in the "Four Libraries of the Whole Book", and the base book is the Collection of Zou Yi's Banana Green Grass Hall. Miao Quansun's old Tibetan Ming translation of the YuanTian calendar edition "Fan WenZheng Gongji" also has these three-party imprints ("Yifeng Zang Secretary", vol. 6).
The National Library of China holds the Northern Supervision Book
Kikoku Kakuben
Although the Seventeenth History of Jiguge was engraved during the Ming Chongzhen period, it suffered considerable losses after the Ming Dynasty wars, and was repaired and completed during the Qing Shunzhi period, and it was first used in the world, which was another common version of the Qing Dynasty scholars to read the main history. Wang Mingsheng's famous book "Seventeen Histories of Shangyu" is based on the seventeen histories of JiguGeben as the object of discussion. The famous late Qing Dynasty scholar Chen Li (1810-1882, zi Lanfu, known as Mr. Dongshu), wrote "Mao Ben Liang Shu School Difference", as the name suggests, is a compilation of the Jiguge Ben Batch School. Another famous scholar, Wang Minyun (1832-1916, Zi Renqiu), approved the history of the Jiguge Benzheng, which is now preserved in the library of Hunan Normal University, including the "History of History", "Book of Han", "Book of Later Han", "Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms", "Book of Jin", "Book of Song", "Book of Liang", "Book of Wei", "History of the South", "History of the North", "New Book of Tang", etc., which are stored in the library of Hunan Normal University.
Included in the shadow of the book are the school books of Ye Wan and other Qing people in the national map. According to the Bibliography of Ancient Chinese Books, this seventeen histories of the Jiguge Ben are the schools of Ye Wan and Bo Qiyuan in the Qing Dynasty and record the notes and approvals of many scholars since the Song Dynasty, which deserve the attention of scholars. Ye Wan (1619-1685), also known as Shu Lian, Zi Shi Jun, Horn Dao Hub, a native of Wu County, Jiangsu Province, migrated to Changshu, a bibliophile in the early Qing Dynasty, and authored the "Records of the Continuing Golden Stones" and "The Collection of Park Xuezhai". The fourth "School Chicken" cloud of the Qing Dynasty Sun Congtian's "Collection secretary": "Unfortunately, there are many people who collect books in ancient and modern times, and there are many people who do not school, and there are very few school students." However, the books collected by Ye Shijun are all corrected by hand, and they are called the first in the Song Dynasty, printing Song banknotes, borrowing rare books to correct them, and being eager to learn. The book of Ye's is still a treasure, and it is appreciated by those who are good at ancient times. It was highly praised (and see Ye Changchi's "Bibliographic Poems", volume IV ,"Ye Shu Lian Shi Jun").
In the 1970s, in the work of the "Twenty-Four Histories" point school, it seems that this seventeen history of the Kikoku Ge Ben has been used. Gu Jiegang's Diary, vol. 11 (August 5, 1971) Yun: "Look at the Book of Southern Qi taught by Ye Wan (Shi Jun) of Dongting Mountain, and Wu Cipei's Song School Hall Book. Look at the sample that Wang Zhongji ordered. "That's a testament to that. There also seems to be traces in the Origin Schoolbook "Book of Liang". Volume 12 "Liu Chen's Biography" "忱復同谏" sentence, all the books are written as "tong" characters. Ye Wan's "Book of Liang" school motto: "'Tong' doubt 'solid'." In the absence of a version basis, the origin schoolbook was changed to the word "solid", which is suspected to have adopted Ye's view.
The second leaf of the "Book of Liang" Ye Wan and other batch school books catalog is glued with a floating signature, and the text says: "The pen is lin qian Zongbo approval book." Ink pen Pro Xiong Tiller An Ben, comments miscellaneous Song Yuanming celebrities. He Xiaoshan school Song Ben again. "Qian Zongbo refers to Qian Qianyi (1582-1664), the character Muzhai, as a literary leader in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Tillers are Xiong Kaiyuan (1599-1676), character Yushan, Hubei Jiayu people, Ming dynasty abandoned family as monks, hidden in Suzhou Lingyan, ming zhengzhi, number tillers, "History of Ming" vol. 258 has a legend. Hill is He Huang (1668-?) He was the younger brother of the famous scholar He Zhuo (1661-1722, known as Mr. Yimen) in the early Qing Dynasty. Shuying was selected as the right half of the nine first leaves of volume 19, and its Zhu and Mo two-color batch schools were recorded from Qian Qianyi and Xiong Kaiyuan's two school books, respectively. The so-called "pro" is a record of the original and is precious.
The National Library of China collects the Ancient Pavilion
Ye Wan's schoolbook includes The Song Dynasty Lü Zuqian (1137-1181), Ming Shao Bao (1460-1527, Erquan, Wuxi, Jiangsu), Zou Quan (Zi Zijing, Jiangsu Changshu), Yu Shenxing (1545-1608, Zi Wu, Shandong Dong'a), Wang Zhijian (1576-1633, Zi Shushi, Jiangsu Kunshan), Wang Zhiqing (1591-1642, Zi You, Jiangsu Kunshan), Zhu Minghao (1607-1652, Zi Zhao, Jiangsu Taicang), The Qing dynasty Chen Yunxi (1639-1722, Zi Qizhai, a native of Jinjiang, Fujian) has many comments. The Bibliography of Ancient Chinese Books and The History Department of the Book of Ancient Chinese Books is written in Yun: "QingYe Wan school and the school, Qing Bo Qiyuan batch school and record Qing He Huang school and record Yu Shenxing, Wang Shushi and other people's notes." The notes are incomplete and may be slightly revised: "Qing Ye Wan School and Record Qing Qianyi, Xiong Kaiyuan Batch School and He Huang School, and also record the comments of Song Lu Zuqian, Ming Shaobao, Zou Quan, Yu Shenxing, Wang Zhijian, Wang Zhiqing, Zhu Minghao, and Qing Chen Yunxi." ”
Wu Ying Dian Ben
The National Library of China holds the Wu Ying Dian Ben
The book shadow of the temple is a copy of the National Map Collection of Fu Zengxiang School and Zhang Yu, and the Bibliography of Ancient Chinese Books and Books is recorded. At the end of this book catalog, there is an inscription of Zhang Yu, Yun: "Jiang'an Fu Yuanga Zengxiang School Song Meishan Seven History Ben in the Beijing Normal Library, Gengshen June Changzhou Zhang Yu Transmission School Once Passed." And the plutonium has the mark of "Chapter-style School Song Ben". Fu Zengxiang (1872-1949, Ziyuan Shu, Sichuan Jiang'an people) and Zhang Yu (1865-1937, Zi Shizhi, Suzhou, Jiangsu) were two famous modern bibliophiles and philologists.
This book has a special origin. In May 1913, Fu Zengxiang's mother died, in order to dispel his worries, he went from Tianjin to Beijing in early July, to the Beijing Normal Library to read books in March, since the summer and autumn, there were six days in the library, proofreading the "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" and more than ten kinds of school books, the beginning of his life's special school books, and then wrote the "Secretary of the Xiya School" Chronicle (containing "Tibetan Garden Manuscripts and Miscellaneous Works"; see Sun Yingai's "Fu Zengxiang Annals", Hebei University Master's Degree Thesis, 2012). Among the Song books that Fu shi studied this time, there are forty volumes of the Book of Liang. This remnant of the Song Dynasty, as already mentioned earlier, is the Baiquan Ben Base, which is now in the National Palace Museum in Taipei.
The "Gengshen" in Zhang's inscription is in 1920, seven years after Fu's proofreading, and was first recorded. Fu's proofreading method was to mark the different texts of the Song Ben and the differences in the titles, scrolls, lines, formats, etc. one by one in the corresponding positions of the Temple Ben (although Fu School did not seem to have achieved the point of being too detailed). This is the method of the Qing Dynasty scholars' school book, which is the so-called "dead school". Nowadays, both the Hundred Books of the Book of Liang and the Remnant Song Dynasty can be easily read, and The Fu's Proofreading Records seem to have become both Chen Zhijiao dogs, losing their edition and collation value. In fact, this is not the case, but when it comes to difficult issues such as the recognition of rambling characters, Fu Schoolben has a good reference and prompting effect. Here's an example.
Volume 33 "Zhang Li Biography" contains the sentence "Dancing Horse Fu" "Si Zhan is enough in Nanye". The character "Nan" (南) is not written in the Three Dynasties, the remnants of the Song Dynasty are rambling, and the Baiquan Ben is depicted as "Nan" (Zhang Yuanji's "Liangshu School Survey" is not out of school, and it belongs to the secret reform). When we passed through the school, it was easy to let it go. However, Zhang Yu's Fu Zengxiang schoolbook indicates the word "south" here, and the remnant Song version is "big". We carefully observe and identify, analyze the remaining glyphs, strokes, and gestures of the Rambling script, and believe that this character should indeed be "big" as Fu's school works, and cannot be "south". The depiction of the Hundred Books is wrong. "Ohno" means a vast wilderness, and as opposed to the above "zhuangxin", it seems that Yu Yi is more victorious. The three dynasties originally made "Nanye" may have been a mistake when the later generations made up the engraving. The revised version, out of prudence, did not change the wording, but added a proofreading note to list the different texts of the fragmented Song version. Zhang's Dancing Horse Fu is only found in the Book of Liang, thus restoring an early textual feature of this work, which is undoubtedly a meaningful proofreading. The previous generations of scholars are as meticulous as hair and have a unique vision, which is really admirable.
Editor-in-Charge: Huang Xiaofeng
Proofreader: Liu Wei