"The Biography of the Painter" ~ 193rd article
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > Zhang Ning's famous poems and paintings, and a pair of famous beauties who have been observing the festival for fifty years! How is life like? </h1>
Text/Lu Xiuhui
Zhang Ning (1426-1496) Character Jingzhi, Fangzhou, Yizuo Fangzhou, Zhejiang Haiyan people.
Zhang Ning was brilliant from an early age, and Jingtai was a jinshi in the fifth year (1454) examination, and was known for his outspoken advice in the dynasty. Zhang Ningsheng's abundance is very rich, and he is on a par with Yue Zheng. Yue Zhengsheng's figure is large and his hair is flowing. Yue Zheng's family was a martial official, and Yue Zheng abandoned wu congwen and tanhualang. And Zhang Ning are both known as a momentary handsome character. After Emperor Yingzong's restoration, he summoned Yue Zheng to the Mandarin Hall. Emperor Yingzong boasted to Shi Heng and Zhang Xuan with a happy face: "Today, Emperor Yingzong himself chose a cabinet elder, and he was very good. Emperor Yingzong also tried to call Zhang Ning "I Zhang Ning" and other words, and in his words and deeds, he even emphasized Zhang Ning and Yue Zheng.
In the seventh year of Jingtai, the township examination was held in Shuntianfu, and the cabinet ministers Chen Xun and Wang Wen's son failed to pass the examination, and the two ministers were extremely dissatisfied in their hearts, and even jointly falsely accused the examiner of injustice. Zhang Ning was very angry, and he also wrote about the matter, believing that as cabinet ministers, for their own selfish interests, they were crying out for their sons who had not been admitted, and they regarded the law of the country as a child's play, especially the examination was the foundation of the founding of the country, how could they be disrespectful, really shameless! Having completely lost the proper character of the ministers, he asked the emperor to remove both of them from their posts. Emperor Daizong agreed with Zhang Ning's petition and approved it.
In the summer of the seventh year of Jingtai, Tang Yu, a native of Songjiang Province, and others went to the chapter to perform an examination of the large and small ministers, and the emperor approved his recital. The imperial court discussed how to evaluate officials, and some ministers suggested that officials of Nanjing be evaluated, but avoided talking about officials in the capital. Zhang Ning said, "The Beijing division is particularly fundamental, and the examination is inevitable, and the examination should start from the Beijing division, otherwise, it is not enough to serve the world." Zhang Ning further suggested: "At present, there are more than 30,000 military posts in the Beijing area alone, consuming millions of silver every year, and their expenditure has hollowed out the national treasury." It is better to take advantage of this assessment opportunity to vigorously streamline, and those who are qualified will enrich the capital and health centers, and all those who are unqualified will be eliminated. Although this proposal is very correct, it is still pending because it involves the vital interests of many people, especially the peace of the army.
In the seventh year of Jingtai, Emperor Daizong fell ill and encountered abnormal celestial phenomena, and the edict canceled the Yuanhui next year (the emperor met the courtiers on New Year's Day). Zhang Ningjin: When the four parties come to the hajj, they cannot see the heavenly face at once, which will make people doubtful, and will inevitably cause rumors, and implore them to still follow the old scriptures and comfort people's hearts. Emperor Daizong was too ill to follow Zhang Ning's advice, which triggered a coup d'état. From Zhang Ning's poem "He Ren Na Su Crown Belt", it can be seen that his attitude as an official, the poem said:
Self-sacrifice of gold to repay the peace,
Not because of the name of the time.
There is faithfulness in the tenth room of Eup,
A thousand righteous people are Junying.
In the house,
Guan Pei Rong is called Su Yiqing.
How many light fat people in the southeast,
Full of teeth to spend a lifetime.
In October of the eighth year of Jingtai, Shi Heng and the eunuch Cao Jixiang and others launched a "gate-grabbing" coup d'état to restore Emperor Yingzong, who was captured by The Emperor of Tumu and was captured by Wa Lai. After Emperor Yingzong was restored, he changed his era name to Tianshun. Shi Heng and Cao Jixiang became new upstarts, monopolizing power and fixing favors, Zhang Ning advised according to reason, and Cao Jixiang and Shi Heng held a grudge in their hearts and always looked for opportunities to retaliate against Zhang Ning.
In the third year of Cheonson (1459), the King of Joseon booby-trapped and killed 16 people, including the neighboring Jurchen Mao Pi Wei Du Governor Lang Erhan, and the Jurchen clan repeatedly attacked Korea in revenge. Korea and Jurchen were both vassals of the Ming Dynasty, and an internal vendetta was imminent, and the Ming court wanted to resolve the dispute between the two sides, and decided to send envoys to Korea to issue an edict condemning the King of Joseon. The king of Joseon is the king of the powerful side, and if he is not good, he will turn his face and risk the lives of his subjects.
The eunuch Cao Jixiang and the powerful minister Shi Heng strongly recommended Zhang Ning to go on an envoy. In fact, this time, they clearly recommended it, and they really wanted to use a knife to kill people. Zhang Ning is not unaware of Cao Shi's intentions, but he sees this as an excellent opportunity to serve the country. He felt a great responsibility and had put his personal life and death aside. The emperor then sent Zhang Ning and Du to command Wu Zhong as his chief and deputy envoys to Korea. Zhang Ning's civil official Qipin was the right envoy, and Wu Zhong was a military official, but he was a deputy envoy, and Zhang Ning was uneasy about such an arrangement, and wrote "Begging for a Title Book" to state this matter.
Although Zhang Ning was a minor official, he did not succumb to the power of the powerful ministers Cao Jixiang and Shi Heng who stole the power of the state. Matters related to etiquette, Zhang Ning insisted on principles on the loss of the relevant system. Emperor Yingzong therefore knew zhang Ning's personality, so Emperor Yingzong said to Zhang Ning, "You are a close attendant, how do you judge the grade?" I heard that the King of Joseon, Li Yaozhishu, may have allusions to the Q&A, which is not within the ability of Wu Zhong. So your rank is on top. Yingzong knew Zhang Ning's strengths and entrusted him with heavy responsibilities, and Zhang Ning really lived up to Yingzong's expectations and mission.
In the fourth year of Tianshun, Zhang Ning and Wu Zhong sent envoys to Korea. After entering the Korean border, Zhang Ning and others negotiated with the DPRK's ceremonial official Cao Zhenglang Zhengchen on matters such as whether the two sides would pay the incense ceremony, whether there was an edict or not, how to deliver the edict to the king, whether the monks and elders would come out to greet them, whether Wang Shizi would be greeted, and whether they would be enthroned, and the two sides basically reached a consensus.
Zhang Ning saw the King of Joseon, and the righteousness was awe-inspiring, and he made a generous statement, counting the king of Korea one by one, and pouring out a word prepared in advance. The King of Joseon was shocked. Then Zhang Ning knew the stakes and sincerely advised the King of Joseon to restrain his horse from the cliff and get lost. Wu Zhong, who was also with him, showed his might in front of the King of Joseon: he put two bows together, pulled them apart with one hand, shot two arrows, and the two geese in the sky landed on the ground in response. The King of Joseon secretly thought: Daming's courtiers are generous in their words and are not afraid of death, and the warriors are brave and good at war, I am not an opponent, and the envoys are reasonable.
Therefore, the king of Joseon accepted the advice and confessed his mistake to jurchen. As a result, the soldiers did not have a bloody blade, and avoided a fierce battle that seemed to happen. Zhang Ning did not fail in his mission and returned victoriously. After Zhang Ning returned to China, he wrote the "Record of Envoys", which recorded the journey of the mission to Korea. On the North Korean side, Zhang Ning's poems and poems exchanged with Korean courtiers during his time in Korea were engraved as "Gengchen Emperor Hua Collection". The country and mountains have changed hands several times, right and wrong, smoke dissipated, with the preservation of literature, only Sven did not fall.
Shortly after Zhang Ning's return to China, Emperor Yingzong promoted him to the position of Duzhong (都給事中), and he remained an advisor to the emperor's side, a counselor, a retainer, and a retainer. The position of counselor was originally granted to him by Emperor Daizong. As soon as he entered the altar, Zhang Ning took it as his duty to speak bluntly.
When Emperor Xianzong ascended the throne and the empress dowager's birthday, The Rebbe Shangshu Yao Kui set up a jai jianjian according to precedent, and hundreds of officials went to the altar to perform incense. Zhang Ning believes that these are the rituals of the Two Teachings of The Taoist Sect, and that the Ministry of Rites approves that this is the confucian self-defeating body, and that there is no benefit in doing so, but only harming the overall situation and requesting prohibition. The Emperor appreciated it and adopted his opinion. Zhang Ning's advice seemed out of place, and it would undoubtedly make the empress dowager panic in her heart. However, as an advisor, he is also responsible.
Whether it was the emperor, the empress dowager, or the eunuch, Zhang Ning was outspoken and bold, proud of his words and humiliated by his words. During the incident, Wang Hui was convicted of impeaching the university scholar Li Xian, and Zhang Ning led the six branches to rescue Wang Hui, impeaching the cabinet university scholar Li Xian, offending Li Xian, and gradually falling out with the cabinet. It was at this time that Wang Zhu and others recommended Zhang Ning, believing that he had the ability to serve as the military post of Yushi Qing in the imperial capital, and was recommended with Yue Zheng. As a result, they were given the Holy Will, and the collaborative recommendation had many personal feelings, and the recommended ones were given a position outside of Kyoto.
Zhang Ningwai was appointed as the prefect of Tingzhou, and he used simple and quiet, first implementing education and then pursuing criminal law as the policy of governing the state, and his excellent political achievements were displayed a year later. Although he was recommended many times, he was never recalled to the imperial court. Depressed, he was dismissed from his post due to illness.
Zhang Ning home for 30 years, repeatedly recommended, and finally did not return. In his hometown of Chikukata-chau, he entertained himself with piano poems and calligraphy. After he returned to the field, he took good mountains and rivers, repeatedly went to Hangzhou, and traveled to the West Lake with his relatives and friends, visited the Lonely Mountain, hung the tomb of Yue, ascended to Tianzhu, and painted boat wax sandals, and did whatever he wanted. Xingzhi Hu pen, large short chapters, instantly established, left a large number of poems for the West Lake.
"Title Su Causeway Spring Dawn" Cloud:
Willows are full of long banks, and Huaming Road is not lost.
The painter did not get up, and listened to the warblers on the side.
"Pinghu Autumn Moon" Cloud:
The wind and clouds disappear, and the cold waves soak the cool moon.
Suspected of having a night bard, pushing the canopy to fall maple leaves.
"Flower Harbor Fishing" Cloud:
The soup is full of yangyang, and the algae are fragrant.
Before the lake Zhang water play, who unraveled the Haoliang.
"Willow Wave Singing Warbler" cloud:
Quinoa cane rests in Suwan, and the wind is warm and green.
Be amazed by the bilingual birds, as in the painting between the boats. ”
"Three Pools of The Moon" Cloud:
The moon is born in the sea, and the three pools are bright everywhere.
Night boat song and dance, people walk in the mirror.
"Nanping Xiaozhong" cloud:
The dream suddenly awakened, Yan Cheng in the direction of the morning.
Watching the flowers get up early in spring, there are already xiao makeup people.
"Two Peaks Izumo" Cloud:
The south peak is cloudy, and the north peak is rainy.
There are Hualin people, sleeping high in two peaks.
"Thunder Peak Sunset Illumination" Cloud:
Cheerful and suddenly vast, the mountains are high and easy to set the sun.
A hundred years of singing and dancing, how much dusk?
"Quyuan Wind and Lotus" Cloud:
The cool air is square, and the perfume is flowing.
When I heard the "Lotus Picking Song", I didn't see the Lotus Picking Boat.
"Lonely Mountain Plum Snow" Cloud:
Spring forced the creek bridge, and the cold fragrance closed the household.
Mountain people do not go out, and the emissaries travel on the way.
Zhang Ning obeyed the ancient law for Wen, had quick thinking, and many inscriptions and poems were passed down to the world. Zhang Ning is also good at painting, and is the author of "Reading History Records", "Deletion and Correction of History", "Fang Zhou Collection" and so on. He wrote in the poem "Pomegranate Diagram of The Title of Water":
Cool breeze Xiao Sa red brocade,
The green robe gradually stained with swallow incense.
Lang Qiong branch is under heavy pressure,
The young woman removes the pearl sac at night.
Gold steel crushed crow stone,
Silk into the exquisite color.
The wine is empty of cane pulp,
A panacea penetrates the bones of poetry.
Zhang Ning was frustrated in the official field, depressed and unmotivated, but he was proud of his feelings. The "Love History" compiled by Feng Menglong records that Zhang Ning had two concubines, one Gao Hanxiang and one Li Wancui, who was childless. Before Zhang Ning died, he let all the concubines remarry, Gao and Li could not bear to leave, cut their hair and swore not to marry again, and lived upstairs for more than forty years, not communicating with the outside world. Zhang Ning's heir's name was Zhang Jiaxiu, and Jiajing was already an ugly scholar. On the day of the Golden Spiral, Zhang Ning's second concubine said to Zhang Jiaxiu: "The concubine has exceeded seventy years old, and he has been underground since the beginning of the day, and he has no shame." ”
Zhang Jiaxiu opened the key and came out, the two of them were already white-headed and old wives, and the hearers could not pity and respect it. The above table is played, and the jingzhi is called "double section".
There are three concubines who are revered by people: first, when they keep the festival, they are only eighteen or nineteen years old; second, they are concubines, and they do not have to keep them in accordance with their courtesies; third, they have no children, nor do they have to keep them, and they obey their orders. Moreover, "there is nothing to be forced before, nothing to expect after", self-locked for fifty years, there is no such thing as ancient times, strange people and strange things.
Lu Xiuhui has a poem "Zan ZhangNing", which reads:
Goose Frost urges the cold to look forward to the country,
Moon cloud light and thin young forest.
Calligraphy and painting into the poetry of Qingjia Mountain,
Fang chau Caotang smiled new.
The Old Testament by the Water's Edge is broken,
With poetry and painting familiar with deep.
The heart has poetry to give Aiji,
The soul wanders into the spring.
For the sake of the great righteousness of the lord,
Housewife subsections are strong and ancient.
Snub the dusk for Weng Shou,
Powdery makeup.
The two Ji Chased Flowers to Their Deaths,
Cool breeze silk swallow branch god.
Lonely scales and numbers of corners,
Xi Yi was ashamed to comb and sweep the vulgar dust.