The half century of the Spring and Autumn Warring States exchange was an era in which Zhao, Wei, and Han, three new princes born out of the Jin Dynasty, swept across the country and wielded fangs. As pointed out by the Three Jins, all the countries were invincible, and even if the three most prestigious powers in the world, Chu, Qi, and Qin, united, there was nothing they could do.
However, in contrast to the glory of the Three Jins, there was the decline of the Jin Dynasty. The Jin Dynasty, which once wrote magnificent poems on the land of the Central Plains, has now been gradually forgotten, and even when looking back on this history today, it is found that even their later genealogies have become confusing.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > chaotic chronology</h1>
The first to cause chaos was the age of Jin's birth and death.
On this point, we wrote in the previous article "Exploring the Battle of Jinyang: Did Zhi Yao Really Preside Over the Division of Fan and Zhonghang's Lands?" has been discussed in detail. Due to the division of the Three Families of Zhao, Han, and Wei into zhishiyi, the situation of the public office was even more pressing, and the Jin Dynasty had no choice but to collude with the outside world and prepare to attack the Three Jins by force, but the matter was not revealed, but under the compulsion of the Three Jins, he left the Jin state and died in a foreign land. In order to cover up the evil deeds of dividing up the land and chasing the king, the Three Jins invariably rewrote history after the founding of the country, thus putting the crime that led to the death of the Jin Dynasty on the head of the loser Zhi Yao, which also directly led to confusion about the reign of the Jin Dynasty.
According to the current popular view, the Duke of Jin reigned for a total of twenty-three years, died in 452 BC, and was succeeded by the great-grandson of the Duke of Jin Zhao, whose titles were recorded in different sources as the Duke of Ai, the Duke of Jing, and the Duke of Yi. The reign of Duke Ai is also a confusing account, and there are seventeen, eighteen, twenty-two years and other theories in different historical sources, usually we all adopt the view of the "Ancient Bamboo Book Chronicle", with 434 BC as its death year, that is, eighteen years of reign.
During the reign of duke Ai of Jin, the public land had basically been divided up, so there was no deed to record, so he passed the position of monarch to his son Liu, that is, the Duke of Jin. According to Sima Qian's record in the Jin Shijia: "At the time of the Duke of You, Jin was afraid, anti-Han, Zhao, and Wei princes. The unique Dai, Qu Wo, and the rest are all into the Three Jins. ”
By the time of The reign of Duke You, the Three Jin Dynasties had already become a climate, and the land owned by the gongfu was left with two places, Dai and Quwo. The three families did not care about the affairs of the office at all, and Yougong wanted to do something, and did not dare to summon the three secretaries to come to the court, but instead got the three families to go up to the court to see. Sanjin basically just treated him as a signboard, something always had to pull him out, and Yougong could only work hard and complain, and exerted all his strength to cheer for the expansion of Sanjin.
During the eighteenth year of the reign of Duke You, the confusion of his death time is no longer listed here, and it is also determined to be 416 BC according to the Ancient Bamboo Book Chronicle. There are also two theories about the reason for his death, one is from the "Jin Shijia", saying that Yougong is dimwitted, his private life is very improper, and he often rapes women in the country, causing public resentment to boil. Once he went out of town at night, only to be killed by thieves and never returned. According to the tradition of memorabilia at that time, as long as there was no doctor involved, it was a robbery, so it can be considered to be the result of a popular uprising. Afterwards, Wei Wenhou sent troops to quell the Jin rebellion, and as for the specific causes and experiences, it is not known. The second theory comes from the "Bamboo Book Chronicle", which states that "Lady Qin Yin of Jin is above the high bed", which echoes the "Yougong Adulterous Woman" in the "Jin Shijia", which seems to prove that Yougong's private life is indeed not very proper. The present chronicle is recorded as "Doctor Qin Wei", which should be a clerical error that appeared in the copy.
After Marquis Wen of Wei was promoted to Jin, Li Yougong's son (also believed to be his brother) Liegong stopped as The Prince of Jin. During the reign of The Duke of Lie, there were major events in the Three Jin Dynasties and the Three Jin Dynasties, and the Jin Dynasty completely lost its legal suzerainty, and the Duke of Jin himself became more redundant.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > bizarre civil unrest</h1>
Duke Lie of Jin reigned for twenty-two years until his death in 394 BC. This year, a strange thing happened in Jindu:
"The country is windy, the day is dark, from dan to the middle, next year, the prince is happy to run."
Literally, it was because there was a dark demonic wind that blew from morning to noon, and as a result, the next year Prince Xi went abroad. Putting two unrelated things together is indeed somewhat ambiguous, but if combined with other historical facts, this seems to herald an important transformation in the politics of the Jin dynasty and the Three Jins.
Around 394 BC, it was a period when the Three Jins and the Chu State were in full swing. Dissatisfied with the three Jin Dynasties and Zheng Guoqiang's sending of the prince to China, the Chu people repeatedly sent troops north, and after triggering a civil unrest in the state of Zheng, they invaded the Land of the Jin State in 396 BC. According to the conventional way of playing, the Jin people will not delay for too long, if they do not retaliate immediately on the spot. However, in fact, the Retaliation of the Three Jins this time was not only long overdue—they did not send troops to Yuguan until five years later, that is, in 391 BC—but what was even more surprising was that only Han Zhi and Wei Qi were leading the troops this time, and the Zhao people were actually absent in this century war!
This is a very noteworthy signal.
Only two years after the Battle of Yuguan, Marquis Wu of Wei met with the states of Qi, Chu, and Wei at Huze, and solemnly took the lead in making a request to King An of Zhou, who was made the Marquis of Qi, and the Duke of Qi Kang, surnamed Lü of Jiang, was demoted to the seashore and died shortly afterwards, and TaiGongwang's descendants finally completed their historical mission and withdrew from the stage of history. This event not only marked the final completion of the Tian Dynasty, but also heralded that the Three Jins Alliance had become a thing of the past, at least the Wei people had begun to look for external allies. Therefore, we may be able to use 394 years before the death of The Duke of Jin as the starting point for the three Jin Dynasties to part ways.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the hundred-footed worm is dead but not stiff</h1>
But in any case, all this does not seem to be so important to the Jinguo Gongfu. In 393 BC, the crown prince went abroad, and Gongzi Qing (颀) succeeded him as the new monarch, as the Duke of Jin. According to the Jin Shijia, Duke Xiao of Jin reigned for seventeen years and died in 377 BC, and his son Jing Gongjujiu took the throne. In the second year of Jinggong's succession, Marquis Wu of Wei, Marquis Aihou of Han, and Marquis Jinghou of Zhao divided the land of the gongfu into three, deposing Jinggong as a shuren, and the Jinguo gongfu followed in the footsteps of lü shi and followed in its demise. Its time point is 376 BC, the year before the fall of Zheng in Korea.
Since this is the case, the book should come to an end, but unfortunately, the Bamboo Book Chronicle added some chaos to us, and by 374 BC, two years after the fall of Emperor Jinzong in the Jin Shijia, there was a record of "Marquis Yu Zheng of Jin Huan Gongyi". Among them, we know, it is the Korean monarch Han Aihou, who just captured Xinzheng last year and destroyed zhengguo. But who is this Jin Huan Gong? How could he be qualified to give the land of Zheng Guo to Marquis Han?
Scholars throughout history have actually already found the answer for us, and the so-called Duke Huan of Jin is the same person as the Duke of Jin Xiaogong mentioned in the "Jin Shijia". It can also be seen from the words and lines of the "Zhao Shijia" and the same as the "Records of History", and the Jin Dynasty Sect Is still far from the time of collapse. So the question arises: How did the Duke Xiao of Jin, who should have been buried in the land for safety, the Duke of Jin who had already severed the sacrifice, suddenly run to Xinzheng in the name of the suzerain and give the land of zheng to The Marquis of Han?
There is a special record in the Jin Shijia about the death of Duke Xiao of Jin, which specifically states that this year was the first year of King Qiwei's succession to the throne. In other records in the Records of History, Taishi Gong was very convinced that King Qi Wei had succeeded to the throne in 378 BC. However, modern historians have very unceremoniously pointed out that Taishi Gong mistakenly regarded the time of king Qi Wei's birth as the time of his ascension to the throne. So the question is, when did King Qi Wei succeed to the throne? If we go back to the Bamboo Chronicle, we will find that the answer given is: 357 BC.
That is to say, the exact time of the first year of the reign of King Qi Wei is 356 BC. If the statement in the "Jin Shijia" is accurate, it means that the Duke Huan of Jin (Jin Xiaogong) has lived strongly until the middle of this century, and then we can continue to tell stories about him happily.
< h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > a silent ending</h1>
In 374 BC, The Marquis of Han, who had threatened the Jin Huan Duke with the title of Land, was killed by nie Zheng, an assassin sent by Han Shanjian (Yan Sui) to assassinate the Minister of State, Han Gonghou (Xia Lei), and his son Han Gonghou took the throne. During the reign of Gonghou, in 369 BC, together with Marquis Chenghou of Zhao, he moved the Jin office to Tunliu (Changzi County, Shanxi). However, Duke Huan of Jin was very restless, he had the same ambition as Murong Fu, always thinking of reviving the Jin state, and brazenly sent an army to attack Korea, and in 361 BC captured the city of Gaoping (Gaoping, Shanxi).
It's intolerable! Although South Korea is weak and often bullied, not everyone can ride on their heads and spread wilderness! Three years later, the Koreans unceremoniously returned all the cities such as Tunliu and Eldest Son, where jin jun lived, and drove the jin huan dukes out of the korean borders and re-enfeoffed them to the Duan clan (Qinshui County, Shanxi) of the Zhao state. After such a fuss, The Duke of Jin Huan finally became interested and spent his old age in the Duan clan trembling.
After Duke Huan's death, his son Duke Jing of Jin repeated the same trick and in 351 BC sent an army to capture xuanwu and Yize (near Yangcheng County, Shanxi) near the Duan clan. Just as the so-called no work will not die, Zhao Guoren is not a fuel-saving lamp, and there is nothing to be polite about this decaying office. In 349 BC, the newly succeeded Marquis Zhao Did not hesitate to seize the Duan clan and kicked the homeless office to Korea like a leather ball.
Jin Jinggong on the way to South Korea, his heart is very worried, but always holding a bit of luck, always feel that Jin Guo and South Korea are also relatives of the same sect, even if they look at themselves unfavorably, good villains also have to appreciate the food to eat, right?
The Koreans really cried and laughed when they saw Jing Gong, but they couldn't say anything, so they had to give Tun Liu to Jin Jun again, and they were well fed. When Jin Jinggong saw these arrangements, he thought that he could still live this life in peace, but what he could not imagine was that the Koreans had long lost patience with the burden of the Jin office. Therefore, shortly after Jing Gong moved to Live in Tun, the Han Shijia recorded a trance-inducing event:
Han Ji killed his king to mourn the Duke.
There have always been many opinions on who this mourning prince is, some people speculate that it may be Jin Jinggong, and some people think that there is someone else. Only from then on, there is no longer a legend of the Jin dynasty on the rivers and lakes, a glorious overlord of the Jin Dynasty that has commanded the jianghu for hundreds of years, an ancient country that was founded in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty and has been passed down for more than 600 years, so it has been quietly annihilated in the torrent of history.
The sycamore leaves cut by the young Tianzi in the chaotic period, after giving birth to a large forest, finally withered in the cold wind of autumn, disappeared into the vast night, and became a permanent echo in the depths of the fog of history.
The year was 349 BC.
The history of the Jin Dynasty, here, also draws an infinite impression - the end...