According to the clothes: Zhuge Liang said in the "Table of former masters", pro-Xianchen, far from the small people, this first Han so Xinglong also; pro-small people, far xianchen, after that Han so fell into decadence. When the former emperor was there, whenever he discussed this matter with his subjects, he did not hesitate to sigh and hate Huan and Lingye.
Kong Ming's views on Emperor Huan and Emperor Ling should represent the mainstream view of the Scholar Group. But when I carefully studied this history, I found that The Great Han dynasty may not be counting down to Emperor Huan's Liu Zhizai!
When Liu Zhi was there, he maintained a certain balance between the eunuch group and the scholar group. Emperor Huan died, the balance was immediately broken, the scholar took the lead, but the defeat was so bad that I have to say that when the pig captain met the pig teammate, the only consequence of the knife grinding fast was to hand the enemy a pig-killing knife.
This time, we will talk about the opening of the "second disaster of the party.".
In 167, on December 28, Emperor Huan died. Although the harem was full of beautiful women, despite worshipping the Buddha, he still could not give birth to a son, so it was agreed that Liu Hong, the Marquis of Xieduting, would succeed him as Emperor Ling of Han, who was twelve years old. Empress Dowager Dou was promoted to empress dowager and put in charge of imperial government.
【Ling Emperor Liu Hong, favorite eunuch】
In 168, on the third day of the first month, Empress Dowager Dou appointed her elder father Dou Wu as a general and former lieutenant Chen Fan as a taifu. Dou Wu, Chen Fan, and Situ Huguang were jointly in charge of the court secrets (cf. Shang Shushi).
To say that this Dou Wu is still very a bit of a leader.
Dou Wuzi Youping (Dou Wuzi Youping), a native of Fufeng County, was the grandson of Dou Rong, the founding hero of the founding of the country and the Marquis of Anfeng, and the nephew of the great general Dou Xian.
Dou Wu was known for his sutra virtues at a young age, and later became a private teacher with many students and a great reputation in the Kansai area.
In 165, her daughter Dou Miao entered the palace and was made a nobleman by Emperor Huan Liu Zhi, with Dou Wu serving as Langzhong. In the winter of that year, at the insistence of the eunuch Chen Fan and other ministers, Liu Zhili made Dou Miao empress. Dou Wu was promoted to lieutenant of the Yue Cavalry Academy, the Marquis of Huaili, and the five thousand households of Yiyi.
Yi Zhilu said: Everyone must pay attention to the fact that in 166 AD, Liu Zhi dismissed The Eunuch Chen Fan from his post, and as soon as Liu Zhi died, Chen Fan was immediately appointed as a Taifu and consulted Shang Shushi, which had little to do with Chen Fan's character, ability, and prestige. Old Master Chen's support for Dou Gui as Empress Dou was the decisive reason.
In 166 AD, Dou Wu was appointed as a lieutenant at the city gate. During his term of office, he recruited celebrities from the world, performed honesty and public duties, cracked down on criminal syndicates and evil forces, put an end to bribery, and the clothes and food at home were just enough to eat. Due to the continuous rebellion of the Western Qiang, the grain harvest failed, and the people were in poverty, Dou Wu gave the reward of the emperor and empress to all the students of Taixue, and there was excess grain, so he let the family do a good job and give it to the hungry people on the road.
This year, the first disaster of the party was broken out, and Li Ping, Du Mi, and others were arrested and interrogated for party affairs (for details, see the humble article "Lieutenant Li Bing, Igniting the Fuse of the Disaster of the Party", "The First "Disaster of the Party": Why Is There No Spirit of "Compromise" in Chinese Culture?). 》）。
In 167 AD, Dou Wu wrote to rescue the Party. After many efforts, on June 8, Liu Zhi issued an edict to pardon the world and change the era name. More than 200 party members who were arrested were released and sent back to their hometowns, but they were no longer allowed to become officials. At the end of the year, Liu Zhi died, the Ling Emperor Liu Hong took the throne, and Dou Wu served as a general and lived in the palace.
[The great general after Liang Ji is also not as good as one]
In June 168, Dou Wu was made the Marquis of Wenxi; his son Dou Ji was made the Marquis of Weiyang (侍中); his nephew Dou Shao was made the Marquis of Yan (pronounced Ruhu) and promoted to lieutenant of infantry; and Dou Shao's younger brother Dou Jing was made the Marquis of Xixiang ( 西乡侯 ) .
Zhongchang served Cao Jie, and served as a fengche lieutenant in the Huan Emperor's dynasty. The imperial court planned to make Liu Hong emperor, and Cao Jie led more than a thousand people from the Yellow Gate and Hu Ben Yulin to greet him and accompany him into the palace. Because of his meritorious policy, he was awarded the title of Marquis of Chang'an Township and had 600 households.
Yi Zhilu said: Note that the eunuch Cao Jie welcomed Liu Hong as emperor, and such eunuchs often had a fairly close relationship with the emperor.
Taifu Chen Fan had always hated eunuchs, and soon after the beginning of the new dynasty, he discovered that the great general Dou Wu also had the idea of killing eunuchs, so during the court meeting, Chen Fan quietly said to Dou Wu:
Zhongchang served Cao Jie, Wang Fu, and others, manipulating the authority of the state when Emperor Huan was in power, making the world a miasma of smoke and chaos among the people, and they were the culprits. If you don't kill Cao Jie and others now, I'm afraid it will be even more difficult to deal with in the future.
The two hit it off, and Dou Wu began to make personnel arrangements. Yin Xun was appointed as Shang Shu Ling, Liu Yu was appointed as a servant, and Feng Shu was made a lieutenant of the Tun Riding School; and the former lieutenants Li Yi, Zong Zheng Liu Meng, Du Mi, and Lujiang Taishou Zhu Yu, who had been deposed during the first party disaster, gathered the imperial court, invited the former Yue Wei (read Ruxi) Tai Shou Xun Yi as a lieutenant, and recruited Chen Yi, a Yingchuan man, as a cadre of the General's Palace, and jointly agreed on a plan.
So the world's heroes and talents all felt the direction of the wind, and they all stretched their necks and tiptoed up, intending to contribute their talents.
Yi Zhilu said: When I read this paragraph, I felt that Dou Wu and Chen Fan were not "conspiratorial", but like advertising in the circle of friends. This is not intended to take the lives of others, it is simply to summon others to ask for their own lives.
There was a solar eclipse in May of this year. Chen Fan may have felt that Dou Wu was too abrasive, so he found Dou Wu again and said:
In the past, Xiao Wangzhi was killed by the eunuch Shi Xian, and recently Li Bing and Du Mi were harmed, and even his wife and children were not spared, and now, there are dozens of Shi Xian in our dynasty! I am eighty years old, and I only want to help the general eliminate the harm, and the general can use this eclipse as an excuse to dismiss and depose the eunuchs in response to the change of heaven. There are also Lady Zhao and the female Shangshu, from morning to night to pour the Empress Dowager Ecstasy Soup, they must also get rid of it as soon as possible, General, you have to think about it!
Yi Zhilu said: Shi Xian, a eunuch during the Yuan Emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, was deeply favored and had great power, and killed the emperor Xiao Wangzhi, as detailed in the humble text "The Great Eunuch Shi Xianzhi Forced the Death of Emperor Xiao Wangzhi". Lady Zhao's name was Zhao Jiao, and she was the nurse of Emperor Huan Liu Zhi. Nu Shangshu was an internal official in the empress dowager's palace.
Reading this, we finally learned from Chen Fan that the Confucian theory of the unity of heaven and man is complete nonsense. Not only do we know, but the Confucians themselves, they also know.
Dou Wu then went to see Empress Dowager Dou and said:
According to the old rules of the Han Dynasty, the Yellow Gate, the Chang Attendant, these eunuchs, their duty is nothing more than to manage things in the palace, guard the gate, and manage money and goods. Now, they have been allowed to participate in political affairs and appoint important posts, and their children are all over the world, corrupt and violent, and they have done no evil. The world is troubled, all for this reason. Therefore, they must all be killed and deposed, and the imperial court must be swept away (the original text is: it is advisable to abolish them in order to clean up the imperial court).
The empress dowager said that the Han Dynasty did have a precedent of eunuchs committing evil deeds, but only those who were guilty were killed, so where is the reason for all the murder and dismissal?
At that time, zhongchang was quite talented and tyrannical in government affairs. Dou Wuxian asked Guan Ba and Zhongchang's attendant Su Kang to be killed, and all of them were executed. Dou Wu repeatedly requested that Cao Jie and others be killed, but the empress dowager hesitated and could not bear it, so she delayed for a long time.
Yi Zhilu said: A few times ago, we mentioned Guan Ba and Su Kang many times, these two people were spurned by the Shi Dafu Group because of the strong purchase of the world's good land and beautiful houses. Guan Ba also went to Ku County to sacrifice Lao Tzu on behalf of Emperor Huan Liu Zhi. In the late Liu Zhi period, he left Empress Dou Miao out in the cold, favored the nine women such as Tian Sheng, and before he died, he made them all nobles. As soon as Liu Zhi died, Dou Miao immediately killed Tian Sheng, and he had to kill eight others, and it was this Guan Ba and Su Kang who pleaded bitterly to save the lives of eight nobles. In other words, Guan and Su were the red men of Emperor Huan Liu Zhi, but after Empress Dowager Dou took power, they had already lost their power. Therefore, Dou Wu killed these two guys, and Empress Dou approved it. However, if Dou Wu wanted to kill Cao Jie and Wang Fu and others, he couldn't do it. Why? Because the nurse Zhao Liao, sooner or later, was by Empress Dou's side and was extremely favored. The Zhongchang attendant Cao Jie and Wang Fu had already hooked up with Grandma Zhao, and through Grandma Zhao, they won the trust of Empress Dowager Dou. If you want to kill Cao and Wang, it is almost impossible.
In August, The Platinum Venus invaded the first of the four stars (admiral) and penetrated deep into the constellation of the Taiwei (astronomers believe that the Fangsu symbolizes the court of the emperor on the ground, and the taiwei symbolizes the emperor). Liu Yu, a servant who was proficient in celestial phenomena, thought it was ominous, and Empress Dowager Dou said that there were adulterers who were at the side of the lord of man, and they should be closely guarded.
【Cao Jie, a fighter among eunuchs】
Liu Yu also wrote a letter to warn Dou Wu and Chen Fan that the stars were misplaced and unfavorable to the chancellor, and that a grand plan must be decided quickly.
Dou Wu and Chen Fan then prepared to take action and kill the eunuch. A series of personnel arrangements were made, and Zhu Yu was appointed as a lieutenant colonel, Liu You as Henan Yin, and Yu Qi as Luoyang Ling. Dou Wusong asked Wei Biao to be relieved of The Yellow Gate Ling (the eunuch's chief eunuch) and appointed his own close associate, Xiao Huangmen Shanbing, in his place. Shan Bing then accused Changle Shangshu Zheng Sa (secretary of Changle Palace, an official position specially set up by the empress dowager when she was in power, responsible for passing on the instruments of the Chapter) and sent him to the North Temple Prison.
Chen Fan said to Dou Wu that these villains should be killed immediately, and the news of an eggplant should be interrogated!
It is estimated that Dou Wu had some legal spirit, did not listen to Chen Fan's opinion, and ordered Shan Bing and Shang Shu Ling Yin Xun and Shi Yu ZhuYan (read Rujin) to interrogate Zheng Sa, and Zheng Sa's confession finally implicated Cao Jie and Wang Fu. Yin Xun and Shan Bing asked Cao Jie and others to be arrested and asked Liu Yu to report to the empress dowager.
On September 7, Dou Wu was on duty for many days and went out of the palace to return home. The eunuch in charge of the music business revealed the situation to Zhu Yu (read like rain) to Zhu Yu (read ruyu), the history of the five senses of Changle (assistant secretary of Changle Palace). Zhu Yu peeked at Dou Wu's recital, became angry, and scolded:
Among the eunuchs, whoever indulged in illegality could of course be killed. What sin do we people have, and why do we want to destroy our people!
Yi Zhilu said: It can be seen from here that this sonata book is to sweep away all the eunuchs in the palace, and even to punish the clan. And such a terrible sonata, Dou Wu actually did not personally present it to the empress, but sent someone to submit it, and it had to go through the hands of the eunuch, and Dou Wu actually went home! Regardless of whether the murder of the eunuch is right or wrong, just talking about this process, I said that Dou Wu was a pig, but I was afraid that the pig would not agree.
Zhu Yu was really a character, and immediately shouted loudly:
Chen Fan and Dou Wusong asked the empress dowager to depose the emperor, but they rebelled!
That night, Zhu Yu gathered seventeen of his close eunuchs, made an alliance of blood, and vowed to destroy Dou Wu and others.
Cao Jie heard about this and reported to The Ling Emperor Liu Hong that the situation outside was tense, and asked the emperor to come to the front hall of Deyang quickly. Let the nurse Lady Zhao and others surround Liu Hong to defend, collect all the sealed letters and documents that entered the palace, close the palace door, call the Shangshu who was on duty at the Shang Shu Tai, put the dangling steel knife on the neck, force them to write an edict, appoint Wang Fu as the Yellow Gate Order, and go to the North Temple Prison to arrest Yin Xun and Shan Bing. Shan Bing suspected that the edict was false and refused to accept it, Wang Fu did not say a word, killed Shan Bing with one knife, killed Yin Xun with another knife, rescued Zheng Sa, and then returned to the palace to kidnap Empress Dou and seize the seal book. Then order his subordinates to guard the Southern Palace, close the palace gate, and cut off the compound road (the compound road is a kind of air road, the Luoyang Palace is divided into two palaces, three and a half kilometers apart, there are huge houses in the center; there are three multiple roads connecting the north and south palaces, the emperor is in the center, the guards are sandwiched left and right, and there is a guard post in ten steps). He also ordered Zheng Sa and others to hold the emperor's orders, and to capture Dou Wu and others with the attendants Yushi and gurudwara.
Yi Zhilu said: I have to say that the eunuchs made a decision immediately, acted vigorously, and coped appropriately, remarkablely, and meticulously. In contrast, the scholars and doctors collectively pounced on the street.
Dou Wu, of course, did not accept the edict, rushed into the infantry battalion (one of the five battalions of the Northern Army), met his nephew Dou Shao, and shot the emissary. Thousands of soldiers from the five battalions of the Northern Army were gathered and stationed at the Luoyang Stagecoach Terminal (Duting), and ordered that the eunuchs who rebelled and fought hard to kill them would be rewarded with a heavy reward.
[The righteous scholar who makes people cry and laugh]
When Chen Fan heard of the change, he led more than eighty of his subordinates and students to draw their swords and rush into the Chengming Gate together, shouting with their arms raised:
The great general (Dou Wu) was loyal to defend the country, and the eunuchs rebelled and rebelled, so how can it be said that the Dou clan does not keep the way of the courtiers!
Wang Fu just came out of the palace, and the two sides touched each other. Wang Fu rebuked Chen Fan, saying:
Emperor Xiandi has just died, the mausoleum has not yet been completed, what merit does Dou Wu have, brothers and sons, one door and three marquises? In addition, Dou Wu took many beautiful women from the palace and accompanied him to drink and have fun, and in less than a month, the wealth collected was hundreds of millions. The minister is so, is this the way of the minister? You are the pillar of the country, but you bend the law for personal gain, and you form a friendship with the sinners, but where do you want to catch thieves?
Yi Zhilu said: Dou Wu collected beautiful women from the palace and searched for wealth, and I am afraid that it is not empty. The temptation of power is hard to resist.
Therefore, he ordered the arrest of Chen Fan and sent him to beisi prison. There are eunuch subordinates who kick and stomp on Chen Fan and scold, dead old ghost, see if you can still lay off our staff and deduct our salaries!
On the same day, Chen Fan died in prison at the age of seventy. Chen Fan's family members were exiled to Bijing, and the clans, protégés, and former subordinates were all dismissed from their posts and imprisoned.
At this time, the Xiongnu Zhonglang general Zhang Yi just returned to Beijing to report for duty. Cao Jie and others knew that Zhang Wan had just returned and did not know the inside story of the coup. Therefore, he issued another edict, ordering Zhou Jing of the Shaofu Province to act as a general of che riding, hold the festival, and join Zhang Wan to lead the remaining troops of the five battalions of the Northern Army to attack Dou Wu. Late at night, Wang Fu led more than a thousand guards such as Hu Ben and Yulin out of the Suzaku Gate (the south gate of the North Palace) to meet Zhang Yi and others.
In the early morning, Wang Fujun and Dou Wujun confronted each other at the main gate of the palace. Wang Fu's troops gradually increased, and he ordered his soldiers to shout to Dou Wujun:
Dou Wu plotted rebellion, you are all forbidden soldiers, you should defend the palace, why follow the rebels? The first to surrender is rewarded!
These soldiers were usually afraid of eunuchs, and after listening to the shouts, some people began to fall towards Wang Fujun, and by noon, Dou Wujun had almost surrendered. When Dou Wu and Dou Shao saw this, they ran away on their legs and were surrounded by Wang Fujun, so the two committed suicide, their heads were cut off, and they were hung in the Luoyang Pavilion for public display. Collect clan relatives, guests, and in-laws, and kill them all. Liu Yu and Feng Shu, a lieutenant of the Tun Riding School, both destroyed the clan.
Empress Dowager Dou was relocated to Yuntai.
Yi Zhilu said: Dou Wu's great grandfather was Dou Rong, the Great Hero of Hexi, the founding hero of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and ranked as the thirty-two generals of Yuntai. The uncle of the clan, Dou Xian, fought the Northern Xiongnu and could not find the north, Le Shi Yanran, and the merits of ancient and modern times. Looking at the eunuch Wang Fu, who was magnificent in temperament, commanding Ruoding, attacking the heart and plotting against him, taking appropriate measures, on the contrary, Dou Wu, it was simply not after the door, he actually thought that all his soldiers surrendered to the eunuchs, he was not captain pig, what was it? I can only say that if I want to go to war, I would rather use a eunuch Wang Fu than a great general like Dou Wu.
Empress Dowager Dou was unable to make a decision, so she was placed under house arrest by the eunuchs. Can you say that the eunuchs were ruthless? No. Without house arrest, Empress Dowager Dou would lose her life at any time. This account, everyone calculates very clearly.
We have always said that political struggles, which must follow political logic and be measured by moral standards, are obviously inadequate. The group of scholars, headed by Chen Fan, believed that as long as all the eunuchs were killed, the country could be put back on track. Therefore, he constantly encouraged Dou Wu to take action. However, we must see that Chen Fan is also a pig teammate, and the pig teammate with the high moral standard is also a pig teammate. The knock-on effect of their actions is:
1. Empress Dou was placed under house arrest, the great general Dou Wu was condemned to the clan, and the foreign clique was completely scrapped;
2. Chen Fan, as well as his protégés, were all killed and deposed, and then the eunuch clique launched a counter-offensive, pushing the second scourge of the party to a climax, and the shi dafu clique suffered a devastating blow;
3. From then on, the twelve- and thirteen-year-old Hanling Emperor Liu Hong was surrounded only by eunuchs and wet nurses.
The group of scholars launched a killing slaying of the eunuch group, the eunuch group fought back and won a complete victory, and the eunuchs suddenly found that there was no empress, no foreign relatives, no imperial court without scholars, they were the real masters. As a result, the eunuch dictatorship reached a new height, and the rule of the Han Dynasty fell into a deeper valley.
At this time, it was discovered that Liu Zhi, the Huan Emperor, may not be as dim as we thought: in the days without Emperor Huan, the severe winter of the Shi dafu clique came; the end of the Han Dynasty could enter the countdown.
Holding high the banner of justice, righteousness has awe-inspiringly pushed the country into danger, and Dou Wu and Chen Fan's generation have misled the country not shallow!
[I know, it's actually not that bad!] 】
【Picture from the network】