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Hu Yan: A well-known educator in the Northern Song Dynasty, the famous quote of "Songzi Confucianism": To the rulers of the world are talents
Yu Dazhong
Hu Yi (993-1059), Zi Yizhi. He was a pioneer of science in the Northern Song Dynasty and a well-known educator. Establish the educational concept of "bright body for use" and cultivate talents who "govern the world". Hu Yu's "Records of Confucianism in Songzi" written for Jingzhou, Hubei Province, is a concentrated embodiment of his educational ideas.
The full text of the Songzi Confucianism:
"Those who rule the world are talents, those who become talents in the world are indoctrinated, those who are vocational indoctrination are in teachers, those who promote enlightenment and the people are in the county, and those who are the place of enlightenment are in school." The prosperity of the school is no more than three generations, and the prosperity of three generations is the week. The Great Situ teaches the people with the six virtues, the six elements, and the six arts, and corrects those who speak differently, and those who do different things are forbidden, and those who speak are all dharma, and those who do are virtuous. The multitude of the people far away from the four seas, if the unity of the festivals, the influence will follow, the enlightenment will be clear at the top and the customs will be formed at the bottom. Therefore, the attainment of its materials can also be discussed by the Tao and the state, and the small can be done and acted; its outgoing can also be long, and its entry can also be a brother; without him, it is only the teaching of the school.
"Three generations of rulers are called Han and Tang, but they do not know the meaning of the indoctrination of the first kings, and people who are self-learners of Han are the same party and jealous of the truth." Tang Zhiwen is the fashion party of Tianbao, the fashion of the great calendar is floating, the style of Zhenyuan is still swinging, and the style of Yuanhe is strange, then it can be known in the indoctrination.
"In the beginning of the five generations of the kingdom, the ancestors paid attention to the affairs of the order, and the scholars were still inferior to the mundane. The divine examination is clever and wise, and thinks about its drawbacks. Therefore, the new Tai learned to establish the three houses, the scriptures, and the Confucian teachers, and the scholars of the world knew what to do, and the philosophers came outside. The county led the order to select a tribute, and the emissaries of the various roads mentioned it and inspected it. As a result, the obscene words disappeared, and the upper and lower levels rose up and down in the good, and the text of the Dao Dao, Bing Ran, was in the same style as the three generations.
"Song Zizhi is Yi, and in the west of Gangneung, its people are simple and easy to transform, especially the old schoolhouse. Yi Da Yin Linchuan Zou Jun Mingmin is studious, has the intention of educating talents, and orders to revitalize learning and do his best to do it. The hall is divided into four halls, more than thirty trees for the house, and the front is the hall for the lecture and shooting, and the pavilion is named Guande. All the things that are done with beans are the owners of the ancient system, and the sound of strings is recited by all beings happily. Foolishness will see the success of human resources and the use of sub-national users will follow. The beings asked for memories, so they thought it was a book. ”
The Songzi Confucianism reflects Hu Yan's educational thought from four aspects:
01
To the ruler of the world is in talent. The so-called "talent" means that people who are talented, talented, and talented should be "the rulers of the world."
02
School education is very important for the development of talents. The key to governing the country lies in talents, and talents need to be cultivated through education, and the basis for the implementation of education is schools.
03
The fundamental purpose of school education is to "make the body useful". "Bright body", understand the code of ethics and moral norms. "Reach the use", access to practice, apply to practice.
04
School education should pay attention to the method of educating people. Advocate "education of talents", pay attention to teaching according to aptitude, highlight personality indoctrination, and the relationship between teachers and students is as close as father and son, and brothers and sisters.
(Yu Dazhong, a native of Jingzhou, Hubei Province, is a lover of literature and history research and writing)