Liu Kezhuang was a famous poet and lyricist of the Southern Song Dynasty, and his life can be said to have formed an indissoluble relationship with "Mei", and the richness of his Yongmei works is rarely matched in history. According to statistics, Liu Kezhuang wrote 123 Yongmei poems and 8 Yongmei poems in his lifetime, and one of the most famous works is this "Falling Plum".
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" >, the case of Luo Meishi</h1>
Originally, "Falling Plum" was just a poem, but later it led to a big lawsuit, which made Liu Kezhuang still have palpitations many years later. Original poem:
Falling plum
Liu Kezhuang
One piece can teach a broken intestine, but can be flattened to build more walls.
Drifting like a migrant to come over the ridge, falling like a rioter going to Xiang.
There are many random berry mosses, and the sleeves of the even sticky sleeves are fragrant for a long time.
The East Wind falsely holds the power of the flower, but it is afraid of being lonely and high.
The story begins around the seventeenth year of Emperor Jiading of Song Ningzong (1224), when Shi Miyuan was in power and specialized in imperial government, he deposed the crown prince established by Emperor Ningzong of Song as the King of Ji, and established Emperor Lizong of Song, forcing the King of Ji to commit suicide.
Shi Miyuan's behavior was strongly opposed by the righteous people in the DPRK and China at that time, and Zhen Dexiu, Deng Ruoshui, and other ministers one after another complained about the king of Ji and reprimanded Shi Miyuan for arbitrarily abolishing his power, but they were all retaliated against by Shi Miyuan, who either belittled, "stabbed to death," or "punished." After that, Shi Miyuan and his minions took this opportunity to look for evidence everywhere and snare the charges in order to exclude dissidents.
It is said that many people at that time were accused of slandering the current government because of their poems, for example, Chen Qi had a sentence "Autumn rain Wutong Prince's Mansion, spring wind Yangliu Xianggong Bridge", Zeng Ji's "Spring" has "Ninety days of spring sunny scenery, a thousand years of chaos", and Liu Kezhuang's "Falling Plum" poem last two sentences "Dongfeng falsely holds the power of flowers, but is afraid of being lonely and high and does not advocate".
In addition, in this year, Chen Qi edited and published a "Jianghu Collection" for the jianghu poets, and as a result, he was implicated, destroyed and "punished", and even issued an "edict" prohibiting scholars from composing poems. This is the famous "jianghu poetry disaster" case in the history of Chinese literature.
Because of these two sentences, Liu Kezhuang was impeached for "slandering the country", so he sat in the countryside for 10 years, which is Liu Kezhuang's "Falling Plum Poetry Case". When the case arose, Liu Kezhuang was in jianyang County, but thanks to Zheng Qingzhi (who was close to Shi Miyuan) who helped Liu Kezhuang exonerate him, he was spared the disaster of imprisonment.
Since then, Liu Kezhuang seems to have a bit of a "lingering palpitation" for plum blossoms, he once said in one of the "Visiting Mei Jiujie After Illness": "Fortunately, I did not know peaches and willows, but I was tired of plum blossoms for ten years", and in "Yang Supplement's Ink Plum Trek", he said: "When Yu Shao was young, there was a poem of "Falling Plum"... After seeing plum blossoms, I am afraid, and I am afraid of painting plum blossoms." In his poem "He Groom Song An Visits Mei", it is also said: "Lao Tzu has no other fault in his life, and he has suffered the crime of taking the affair for plum blossoms." This shows the psychological trauma he suffered.
"Falling Plum" does not have a single "plum" word throughout the text, but it portrays the character and encounter of plum blossoms for our image, and through the sigh of falling plums, it reveals the feelings in the poet's heart, which can be said to highly summarize the upheavals and misfortunes of the people who have been degraded in history, and tell the voices of the vast number of migrants who have suffered unfair treatment.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > second, full-text appreciation</h1>
The first two sentences, "One piece can teach a broken intestine, but it can be flattened and more stacked walls", wrote a desolate picture of falling plums, which set a desolate and sad atmosphere for the whole poem, and each piece of falling plums can make the poet sad and broken, not to mention, now it is falling like snowflakes, covering the steps and walls.
Therefore, the poet triggered a feeling of emotion, the jaw union "floating like a migrant to cross the ridge, falling like a rioter to go to Xiang", the floating plum blossom is like a migrant who hurriedly crossed the ridge, the plum blossom that fell is also like a rioter who had to go to Xiang, these two sentences, not only vividly and vividly wrote out the scene of the plum falling and scattering, but also wrote out the bumpy encounters of the historical migrants and the troublesome people, crossing the ridge and going to Xiang, all refer to the things that were degraded in ancient times (Han Yu, Qu Yuan's matter), and the poet compared it to plum blossoms. In fact, it implies sympathy for the immigrants and praise for their noble character.
The third link, "There are many random points of berry moss, and the sleeves of the even sticky sleeves are fragrant for a long time", the poet lamented that the original beautiful and noble plum blossoms are now zero into mud, with mud and moss, but occasionally glued to the body, its aroma is still there, which is the use of the famous sentence of Lu You", "Zero falls into mud and dust, only incense as before", by writing plum blossoms although it falls fragrant, further expresses the praise for the noble character of the migrants.
The discussion of the tail link is the finishing touch of the whole article, "The East Wind falsely holds the power of the flowers, but is afraid of being lonely and high", which seems to be writing that the East Wind has destroyed the Hundred Flowers, but in fact, it is a satire on those in power who are jealous of the ability of the sages and frame others, which means that it is really a disaster to let the East Wind take charge of the power of life and death of the Hundred Flowers, and they are jealous of the purity and tranquility of the plum blossoms, so they arbitrarily destroy the plum blossoms, and they do not know how to pity the jade. Liu Kezhuang's two sentences at the end of this sentence actually point the spearhead at all the villains in power who are jealous of Xianxian's ability.
So overall, Liu Kezhuang's Yongmei poem is a poem of Zhiwu Yanzhi, although there is no "Mei" word in the whole text, it vividly shows the posture and character of Luomei, and implies a profound meaning, pinning on the poet's strong personal feelings, but perhaps because it is too sharp and ironic, it will be framed by Xiaoxiao, which has led to Liu Kezhuang's bumpy life after that.