Although I write poetry every day, I don't quite understand what poetry is and how it has evolved to what it is today, so I explore while creating.
Everyone feels that the current poetry circle is very chaotic, there are no cattle people, there are no good works, in fact, there have been such periods in history, such as the late Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic. At that time, a group of cultural celebrities carried out reforms for the decline of poetry, known in history as the "poetry revolution", representative figures were Liang Qichao, Xia Zengyou, Tan Si, etc., among which the earliest proposed reform of poetry, the most outstanding achievement was Huang Zunxian.
Speaking of Huang Zunxian, you may not be very familiar with it, but when it comes to the alternation of old and new poems, it is a character that has to be said, and he is also a rather decent character. Born in Jiaying Prefecture, Guangdong Province, Huang Zunxian served as Counselor general in Japan, Consul General in San Francisco, Counsellor General in England, and Consul General in Singapore in 1876. Gong poems, like to be cast into poetry with new things, are known as "the teachers of innovation in the poetry world". Huang Zunxian's works include "Human Realm Lu Poetry Grass", "Japanese National History", "Japanese Miscellaneous Poems" and so on. He is known as "the first person in modern China to go to the world".
You know ancient poetry, ancient poetry, you know vernacular poetry, modern poetry, but you don't necessarily know modern ancient poetry. In fact, the ancient poems or ancient poems written by everyone should be called "modern ancient poems", and the originator of modern ancient poetry is none other than Huang Zunxian.
Speaking of the reform of poetry, Hu Shi wrote old poems in the vernacular and changed the form; Liang Qichao used the old poems to write new words and changed his thoughts; and the person who changed the form and thought was Huang Zunxian, and achieved good results. He is also the Chinese poet who has left the most footprints overseas, and he is also the Chinese poet with the broadest vision in the past and the present.
If you have not read Huang Zunxian's poems, I have found one for everyone to enjoy, because many of his poems are relatively long, so I will choose a short one, the appendix is as follows:
Gifted to Liang ren father in the same year
Inch inch mountain river inch inch gold,
Whoever is separated from the separatist force,
The cuckoo prays again to the tears of sorrow,
Jingwei infinite reclamation heart.
After introducing the great god, I will share his discussion of poetry.
1. Poetry has no ancient or modern
Huang Zunxian is convinced that poetry is inherent in ancient and modern times, and is not bound by the ancient poetry writing mode. He began to create a "new school of poetry" that was self-reliant and unique, integrating new things into poetry and becoming flesh and blood.
2. Incorporate new ideas into poetry
Huang Zunxian has traveled to many countries, covering four continents of Asia, the United States, Europe and Africa, and he has left many poems depicting local customs and objects, and has also incorporated many new ideas into his poems.
Especially with regard to the Sino-Japanese War, he wrote a series of poems such as "Sorrowful Pyongyang", "Mourning Lushun", "Weeping Weihai", "Taiwan Trip", and "Song of General Duliao", which were particularly prominent in anti-imperialist and patriotic ideas.
Huang Zunxian saw the Guangxu Emperor
3. The program of the "Poetic Revolution"
As early as the age of 21, in the poem "Miscellaneous Feelings" written by Huang Zunxian, he wrote down what could be described as a stone-breaking statement at that time. In this poem, he believes that since the founding of the world, human civilization has been constantly developing and advancing, and literary works should also be constantly innovated, and should not blindly follow the ancient, imitate the ancient, Chen Chen Xiangyin, and pick up people's crap.
"I write my mouth by hand, how can the ancients be restrained?"
That is, the sayings of today, I will compile them,
Five thousand years later, people are amazed by the ancient colors. ”
This is the realistic view of "don't create a poetic circle" put forward by the 21-year-old Huang Zunxian, and it is also the program of the later "poetic revolution".
4. Do not exclude new languages
Huang Zunxian extensively collected linguistic materials, "from the Three Histories of the Qunjing, caught in the Book of the Sons of Zhou Qin, the Notes of Xu Zheng's Families, and the names of all things that are cut to the present, they are all taken and borrowed under false pretenses" ("The Self-Introduction of the Poetry of the Human Realm"), while not rejecting the "popular sayings" ("Miscellaneous Feelings", part II). This makes his poetic vocabulary rich, expressive, and elegant with vitality and change. Huang Zunxian's poem "With The Old Style with the New Mood" embodies the transition from old to new.
5. Oppose difficult verses
In the late Qing Dynasty, some people wrote poems and wrote words, specializing in difficult and obscure words, and also used canons indiscriminately to show off their learning. Huang Zunxian opposed these practices of eating the ancients and advocated a new poetic law.
Due to the rush of time and insufficient preparation, so I have written so much today, please understand the inappropriateness.
"Celebrity Poetry" tentatively scheduled 100 chapters, the next chapter continues to share, want to know more about the knowledge of poetry friends, you can continue to pay attention to me Oh!
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