Wang Ruofei Huang Qisheng biography
Wang Ruofei (1896-1946), formerly known as Yunsheng and Zi Jiren, was a native of Anshun, Guizhou. Guangxu twenty-second year (1896) was born in a landlord family in Anshun North Street, before the age of five, the great-grandfather was pampered, the great-grandfather died, the grandmother favored himself, evil Ruofei and his parents and little sister. Ruo Fei's father "wandered around and did not do his job", was expelled from the house by his grandmother, and died in the wilderness. Ruofei's mother entered the Wang family at the age of seventeen, and Yu Ruofei and Ruofen. In the Wang family, his mother was like a maid, pushing and grinding to cook, and did not idle all day, and Ruofei was often scolded by his grandmother and uncle.
In the thirtieth year of Guangxu (1904), Ruofei's uncle Huang Qisheng could not bear the difficulties of his sister and nephew, so he took Ruofei to Guiyang to raise him and entered the Dade Preparatory Class to study. Two years later, Ruofei's mother and sister Ruofen also moved to Guiyang.
Huang Qisheng (1879-1946), born on the sixth day of the first lunar month of the fifth year of Guangxu (December 18, 1879), was originally named Lu Xiang, also known as Lu Lian, and the character Qi Sheng. After the Xinhai Revolution, "Lu Xiang" was not used; after the age of forty, it was only called Qi Sheng.
The Huang family's ancestral home is Fuzhou, Jiangxi, the ancestors moved to the countryside of Anshun and Wong'an, and later settled in Anshun, mainly farming, selling salt in their spare time, after five generations. Qi Sheng's mother had two sons and a daughter, the eldest son Lu Zhen, zi Bo Lian, the number of Ganfu; female Gu Zhen, that is, Ruofei's mother; Qi Sheng lived in a young age. Qi Sheng was born at the age of eight, and was employed by his maternal grandfather Wang Zixia and cousin Peng Yusheng. At the age of fifteen, his father intended to "read for the eldest son and the younger son to study", and sent him to the "Yixingheng" shop in Anshun City as an apprentice. The labor was heavy, and Qi Sheng still studied tirelessly, reading the "Theory of the People's Covenant" and "The Theory of Heavenly Speech" that his brother had retrieved from the Jingshi Academy, as well as the "Shi Ji Bao" of the Kang and Liang Weixin schools, and the old democratic revolutionary ideas were gradually taking shape.
After the failure of the Penghu Reform Law in 1898, Guizhou Xuezheng Yanxiu was promoted to a higher position and left Qian, and the Jingshi Academy he advocated was dissolved. Ganfu's friend Cai Hengwu rose up and accepted Ren オ. Hengwu became acquainted with Qi Sheng because of ganfu, and spared his talents and hired him as the manager of the "Qunming Society" of the Cai family in Guiyang. In the 28th year of Guangxu (1902), GanFu invited Ling Qiulu and more than 30 other people to establish the "Arithmetic Academy" in the east chamber of the backyard of the Jiyun Temple in the south of Guiyang City; in February of the 30th year of Guangxu (1904), it was renamed "Dade Xuetang". Qi Sheng resigned from the Ming Society, and held the teaching position of Dade. This is the beginning of a lifetime of teaching.
In the beginning, Ruofei was too deeply masochistic and "confused idiots". Due to changes in the environment and the careful teaching of the second uncle, the mind was finally awakened, "walking and sitting in the bedroom, the book hand will not let you." Dade advocated "a lively and vivid revolutionary teaching spirit", which made Ruofei study and improve, and patriotic ideas gradually formed. In the "Mulan Ci", the sentence "Ten thousand miles to the plane, Guan Shan Du Ruofei" made his pride agitated, so he changed his name to "Wang Du" and the word "Ruofei".
In the summer of 1937, Wang Ruofei (first from the right) took a group photo in Taiyuan with his uncle Huang Qisheng (the middle seat), his wife Li Peizhi, and his cousin Wang Jingren. (Courtesy of Meng Wei)
In December 1917, Ruofei was admitted to study in Guizhou QianzhongDao to study in Japan, and Qi Sheng went with him to Shanghai to meet Sun Yat-sen in the French Concession. Qi Sheng asked: "Sir, the revolution has failed several times, how do you feel after each failure?" Nakayama replied after a deep sigh, "I only have to do more after each failure!" (Xie Xiaosi's Biography of Huang Qisheng, see Selected Literature and History of Guizhou, 1981, Vol. 1.) ）
In Japan, if you enroll in Meiji University, you are actually self-taught. At that time, the Russian socialist trend of thought was introduced, and Ruofei tried his best to collect and read it, and initially came into contact with Marxism. When the May Fourth Movement broke out in 1919, Ruofei personally saw the Japanese celebrating the crown and returned to China in anger to participate in anti-Japanese propaganda in Shanghai.
At that time, the Shanghai work-study movement arose, and Qi Sheng thought that "the eyes and ears would open up from now on" as a rare opportunity, so he rushed to ask for help, and Zhang Jusheng, Cai Hengwu and other friends helped him, and borrowed from Yin Wang Boqun of Qianzhong Province, and received 1,600 yuan. On October 16, 1919, Ruofei and other students took the American ship Vullon to France, and Qi Sheng also embarked on a journey to Europe on November 21.
From November of the same year to March 1923, Ruofei worked and studied in France, and successively worked in the Saint-Schamen Iron Factory, the Montagny Rubber Factory, and the Paris Mica Film Factory. Qi Sheng also worked in the Three Heroes Iron Factory for half a year, and traveled to England and Germany. If Fei Fei remembers his old age and does not allow him to work, qi sheng "needs to live, and can help his nephew's labor alone." Ruofei eats simply, does not know the taste of meat for half a year, does not think it is bitter, and "investigates the truth of French labor in the field" in his spare time. During this period, in order to find a job, he lived in many cities such as France and Belgium, and endured hunger and cold.
At Montani College, Ruofei became acquainted with Cai and Sen. Shi Cai and Sen were systematically studying Marxism and the Russian Revolution, and under their influence, Ruofei's thought changed to Marxism.
In the spring of 1921, Ruofei participated in the "February 8th" Movement led by Cai Hesen to fight for the "right to survive and study" for overseas students; Xia, together with Zhou Enlai, Cai Hesen, launched a struggle against the Beiyang warlords' loans to France; in the autumn, he participated in the struggle organized by Cai Hesen and Zhao Shiyan to occupy the University of Lyon; in winter, together with Zhou Enlai, Zhao Shiyan, Chen Yannian, and others, he initiated the organization of the Young Chinese Communist Party in Europe. In June 1922, the Chinese Youth Party in Europe was founded in the forest of Brunns in the western suburbs of Paris. Moreover, through the introduction of Nguyen Aiguo (Ho Chi Minh), Ruofei joined the French Communist Party and applied to the Party Central Committee in China to join the Communist Party of China (at that time, all party members who participated in the branches of the Third International could become full members of the party organizations of their nationality).
In March 1923, the Chinese European Branch sent Wang Ruofei, Zhao Shiyan, Chen Yannian and twelve others to study at the Communist University of Eastern Workers in Moscow. Before Ruo fei to the school to study, there were Liu Shaoqi, Qu Qiubai, Ren Bishi and so on. At this time, Ruofei was "unswerving in the cause of communism."
Qi was born in Paris, returned to Qian, and assisted Ling Qiulu in handling The Dade School. In 1925, Zhou Xicheng, the governor of the Sichuan-Qianqian Border Defense, set up a "Tribute Hall", and because of Ping Gang's recommendation, Zhou hired Qi Sheng to take an official position, resigned, and only served as a scholar. Qi Sheng visited more than 20 counties in northern Qianbei to understand the shortcomings of education and put forward suggestions on rejuvenation. In 1926, Qi Sheng became the principal and Chinese teacher of Zunyi Provincial No. 3 Middle School. On March 31, when a massacre of communists occurred in Chongqing, student Wang Jingren and others organized the "March 31 Rescue Society" and issued a declaration, which Qi Sheng read at a school rally and denounced the local authorities in Chongqing. Sometimes, a student opposed the parents' arranged marriage cigarettes and free love to get married, and Qi Sheng praised and attested to the marriage, and published an article opposing feudal marriage smoke in the school journal. Qi Sheng's such remarks were not tolerated by the authorities, and in the summer of 1927, he was dismissed by Zhou Xicheng and wanted for "approaching the suspicion of communism and advocating free love". Qi Sheng was in a hurry to say goodbye to his family, that is, he traveled from Qianbei to Sichuan with his nephew Wang Jingren and his student Yuan Zhitong.
In the mid-spring of 1925, Ruofei returned to China and worked in the Central Organ of the Shanghai Party. He began his career as a professional revolutionary.
In May 1925, Ruofei was ordered to Henan to do the united front work of the Nationalist Second Army, and went to Beijing to meet Li Dazhao and accept instructions. In early June, when he arrived in Zhengzhou, he held a conference in solidarity with the "May Thirtieth" Movement in Shanghai, and Ruofei participated in and gave a speech as a representative of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions. The Central Committee was appointed as a commissioner and served as the secretary of the Party Committee of Yushan District. Under ruofei's leadership, the Henan workers' movement was in full swing, and the provincial federation of trade unions was established in September. At the same time, the work of Henan's agricultural movement was carried out, and 100,000 people enthusiastically joined the peasant association, and Li Dazhao praised it as "quite effective."
In the meantime, Ruofei became acquainted with Li Peizhi. Peizhi was a native of Longguan County, Chahar Province, a graduate of the Second Women's Normal School in Baoding, a member of the Communist Party, and was assigned to lead the workers' movement at the Henan Yufeng Spinning Factory. In the autumn, the two got married in Zhengzhou. Half a month later, Peizhi went to study at Sun Yat-sen University in the Soviet Union. Not long after, the situation in Henan changed, the warlords directly under the line invaded Henan, and the Second Army of the Nationalist Army retreated. Ruofei withdrew from Zhengzhou with the Yushan District Committee and turned to the countryside. Xuan was ordered to go to Shanghai and served as the director of the Secretariat Department of the CPC Central Committee (Secretary General). Shi Chen Duxiu was the secretary of the Central Committee and the head of the organization department, while Ruofei took charge of specific work and often worked around the clock. From October 1926 to April 1927, Ruofei participated in leading three armed uprisings of Shanghai workers. The third armed uprising was a great victory, and the Shanghai Provisional Government was established.
Chiang Kai-shek staged a coup d'état on April 12, 1927. If he flew out of Shanghai and arrived in Wuhan, he attended the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, returned to Shanghai after the meeting, and served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee. At that time, the white terror caged the whole country: in April, Li Dazhao was imprisoned, and on the 28th, he was righteous in Beiping; in June, his friend Chen Yannian generously died; in July, Zhao Shiyan was arrested, and if he tried to rob the court, he failed, and Shiyan was sacrificed. Ruo Fei escaped many pursuits and insisted on "struggling hard in this bloody atmosphere". In November, Ruofei participated in leading the Wuxi uprising, and later participated in the organization of the "May Day" riots of rugao and Taixing farmers, all of which failed. Ruo Fei was deeply impressed by the blind adventure of the riot, thinking that "the set of armed struggle of the past can no longer be used", which Qu Qiubai pointed out as "right-leaning wavering".
In the winter of 1927, Huang Qisheng smelled ruofei in Shanghai, that is, from Sichuan to Shanghai. Visit it for a long time. One day, the sudden encounter flew on the bank of the Nicheng Bridge. The uncle and nephew went to the restaurant with him, and if he flew to his uncle to explain the world trend and the progress of the Soviet Union. Qi Sheng said: "And the mother is close to Shanghai, Hu Xi saw it?" "If you fly, you can't help it. Seeing that, the mother said: "I cannot force Ru to do, but I believe that Ru will keep it, and I will not think of it." (Huang Qisheng's "Wang Ruofei's Description", quoted from "Wang Ruofei's Collected Writings", Guizhou People's Publishing House, 1996 edition, p. 5.) Mother and child have not seen each other since. After that, Ruofei struggled for the revolution for eighteen years, "going in and out and not going back", until 1945, Fang and his old mother reappeared in Chongqing.
In the mid-summer of 1928, Ruo flew to Moscow to attend the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. At this time, if Fei Peizhi is three years away, he will finally see each other. If Fei Fei was frank and persistent, he confessed Chen Duxiu's right leaning, Qu Qiubai's blind movements, and his own responsibilities at the conference, and nominated Chen Duxiu as one of the six major candidates, who were accused by Zhang Guotao, Qu Qiubai, and others of protecting Chen Duxiu. After the meeting, Ruofei asked him to stay in Moscow to study, and the Comintern allowed Ruofei to fly into the Lenin Academy and serve as the representative of the Communist Party of China to the Peasants' International in the Comintern. In the entrance examination, someone told the school with the meaning of Autumn White: "If Fei fei is not qualified to enter the school, he is closely related to Chen Duxiu." Ruo Feiyan said: "I do not deny my mistakes, the revolution has failed, Duxiu should be responsible, and I am also responsible." However, I can't put the blame on others as I did afterwards. What advice did Ru et al. make when they were in a hurry? But just go along. A few days later, RuoFei met Qiu Bai and angrily asked, "Ru and others have done this to me, am I a counter-revolutionary?" Qiu Baiyue: "That's not true." Ru is loyal to the revolutionary cause, but Ru yu Duxiu has feelings, and thinks that if the revolution fails, I should be as responsible as Duxiu. Ruo Fei said: "I oppose people's self-designation of Bolsheviks, against hindsight." Qiu Bai sighed, "Alas, you are actually a loyal person." (Li Peizhi's oral account of "The Man of Feidu Guanshan", quoted from "Wang Ruofei's Collected Writings", Guizhou People's Publishing House, 1996 edition, page 277)
At the end of 1929, the United Communist Party of Qing, Ruofei and others must also participate. At that time, Chen Duxiu openly opposed the party in China. Zhang Guotao, who was then the deputy head of the CPC delegation, was at odds with Ruofeisu and took the opportunity to recall the "Six Congresses" and falsely accused Ruofei of conspiring with Duxiu and suggesting that the Comintern expel him from the Communist Party. The Comintern Supervisory Commission believed that if he flew in Mo, it would be impossible to participate in the solo show activities, but the "Six Congresses" sometimes made mistakes, that is, to give Ruofei a serious warning and participate in labor for one year. Ruofei accepts the punishment and goes to the axe and sickle factory to work as an iron worker.
At the beginning of 1929, Qi Sheng and his family went to Nanjing. Wen Tao Xing knew to run Xiaozhuang School in Yanziji, experimented with rural education, and went to see Tao. After a long conversation, they were very similar, so they took their families to Xiaozhuang. Both Qi Sheng and Xing Zhi supported teachers and students to participate in CCP activities, and as a result, the school was disbanded, and the student Yuan Zhitong was arrested by Gu Zhenglun, the commander of the Nanjing garrison, in the same year. Qi Sheng tried his best to rescue him, but to no avail. Zhi Tong died tragically in Yuhuatai at the age of sixteen. On the third day, Qi Sheng got the news, that is, he went to Yuhuatai, and the corpse did not know where to go, and Qi Sheng wept.
RuoFei worked in the iron works for half a year, and in July 1931, he received a notice from the Eastern Department of the Comintern and returned to China to open up the struggle in the northwestern Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Sui area.
At the beginning of September, Ruofei was appointed secretary of the Northwest Special Committee of the Communist Party of China, alias Huang Jingzhai, dressed as a leather merchant, and set off from Ulaanbaatar in two ways with Jihe, Pan Enpu and six others. October to Baotou, Jutaian Inn. At that time, the September 18 Incident had already broken out. Ruofei and Yunze (Ulanf) joint, began to work. One day, when he saw the news of the Red Army in northern Shaanxi in the newspaper, he ordered Jihe to look for it, and he would go to Ningxia. On the eve of his departure, on November 21, military police suddenly poured into the inn to arrest Ruofei. It turned out that Pan had betrayed. Ruofei chewed the Yunze document and the written report in his mouth, and the police took it out and ironed it together. If you fly and don't hide it, you will be publicly identified. One night, the police escorted him to the foot of the Green Mountain, intending to threaten him with a fake shot. The people watched more. Ruofei was awe-struck and was escorted back. The streets and alleys are popular: "Communists are not afraid of death with eight guns!" ”
In December, the Baotou Police Department transferred Ruofei to the Guisui (Hohhot) First Model Prison. In court hearings, RuoFei used the courtroom as a lecture hall to publicize the party's ideological policy. At that time, Fu Zuoyi was the chairman of Suiyuan Province, admiring Ruofei's integrity and knowledge, often meeting at night, talking about the world, and giving food subsidies and preferential treatment in prison.
At that time, Qi Sheng, through the introduction of Huang Yanpei and others, went to Zouping in Shandong and Dingxian in Hebei to serve as a chair in literature and history, but overheard that Ruofei was imprisoned in Guisui and staggered to go. Three visits to prison were not allowed, but Fu Zuoyi, chairman of Suiyuan Province, was invited to visit once every five days. The uncle and nephew finally had to meet at the window. Qi Sheng burst into tears and asked: Ten years of no news, why did he end up in such a situation? Ruo Fei said frankly: Uncle rest assured, my deeds are white and immaculate, and they arrest me because I stand with the people! Ice heart jade pot, true feelings, Qi Sheng is convinced.
Qi Shengyu near the prison in the Chinese and Western hotels, every day of the prison visit, that is, to meet Ruofei, the window to talk, the mouth can not speak, with a note of clear pieces of paper to exchange, the book fly head fine words a lot of words. If Fei fei saw that his uncle's cotton clothes were thin and the peeling fur was exchanged, his uncle also sold wine to warm Up RuoFei. The two were proud and ambitious, talking and laughing a hundred steps away. One day, Qi Sheng carried Ruo Fei to see Fu Zuoyi, Fu Qi Sheng: If Jing Zhai stays in Sui to do things, he can be released from prison unconditionally. Qi Sheng said goodbye. If Fei is not pleased, he knows: I do things under it, that is, the condition. Truly unconditional, for the willing to do and do, willing to go. It is better to die in prison than to be old. Qi Sheng did not insist, asking: If there is no secret, where will the relics return? Ruo Fei said, "One fire!" "Qi Shengyue: If possible, I will bury Ru on the side of zhaojun's tomb." Ruofei smiled. Later, Qi Sheng bought a cemetery next to the tomb of Zhaojun under the Daqing Mountain for twenty yuan, so that Ruo Fei would not know.
In prison, "I have not seen the sun for many years, and I have been stained by the dampness and filth of the day", but Ruofei "has no pessimistic and decadent thoughts" and "only the heart of worrying about the times." If you still have one breath, you should work hard in the end." Therefore, Ruofei propagated the party's ideology in prison, conducted integrity education, united poor prisoners, and sent people to buy green onions and garlic and other things to share food in order to maintain good health. In April 1934, the Suiyuan Court sentenced Ruofei to ten years in prison.
In July 1936, Fu Zuoyi received an order from Yan Xishan, director of the Taiyuan Appeasement Office, and sent someone to release Ruofei to taiyuan army prison.
When an all-out war of resistance will break out, the situation will change drastically. Under pressure, Yan Xishan began to contact the Communists and sent his close associate Liang Huazhi to the prison to persuade Ruo Fei: "If you cooperate, you will be released from prison." Ruo Feiyan said: "I demand unconditional expulsion and refuse all conditional negotiations; whether to cooperate after release from prison can only be decided by our Party, and personal life and death cannot be traded." (Bo Yibo, "Before and After Comrade Ruofei's Release from Prison", quoted from "Wang Ruofei's Collected Writings", Guizhou People's Publishing House, 1996 edition, page 262)
In the autumn of September 1936, Bo Yibo, a member of the Northern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, went to Taiyuan to assist Yan Xishan, presided over the Meeting of the League, and rescued Wang Ruofei. Bo Yibo found traces of "Huang Jingzhai" in Taiyuan, that is, he met Yan Xishan and said: "When it is time to employ people, we should cooperate with the Communist Party, we should release political prisoners and set an example for the whole country!" "With Yan's permission, he returned to see Ruofei in prison." If you are cautious, suspect it, and ask for the party's documents. See the document to explain the doubts. He also said: "I have been in prison for five or six years, and I hope that the party will make a review conclusion and seek confirmation from people I know, so as not to be born in the future." Later, Ke Qingshi visited him in prison and told the central government that Ruo Feishi agreed to be released from prison. (Bo Yibo, "Before and After Comrade Ruofei's Release from Prison", quoted from "The Collected Works of Wang Ruofei", Guizhou People's Publishing House, 1996 edition, p. 262) Yan Xishan mu Qicai, respected his festival, met Ruofei, and hoped to stay in Jin to work. Ruo Feiyue: I am a member of the Communist Party, and my work should be decided by the Party. In July, on the instructions of Liu Shaoqi, Ruofei would go to Yan'an, and before leaving, Yan sent Liang Huazhi two thousand legal tenders as a ceremony, which Ruofei politely refused.
In August, Ruofei and Peizhi went to Yan'an. The day after the arrival, I saw Mao Zedong. Ruo Feiyan: I am ashamed not to be with the Party, with the Red Army, with you, with Comrade Zhu De, Comrade Enlai, and with all of you during the most difficult times. Mao Xiaoyi: You are in prison, we fight and run. It is uncomfortable to fight and run, is it comfortable to go to jail? Laugh at each other. (Zhang Ke, "Guan Shan Du Ruofei", <>, Guizhou People's Publishing House, 1995 edition, page 795) In 1938, the only son Wang Xing was born in Yan'an.
In the autumn of 1934, Huang Qisheng went from Guisui to Shanghai, where he was hired by Huang Yanpei as the director general of the Caohejing Agricultural Group of the China Vocational Education Society. In the winter of 1937, Wen Ruofei was released from prison and visited Taiyuan. In the winter of the same year, Qi Sheng, together with his wife Wang Shouyu, his widow Su Zhao, his grandson Li Guangsheng, his nephew Huang Xiaozhuang, and his old friend Cai Hengwu's orphan daughter Cai Zhizhang, visited Yan'an for the first time.
In September 1937, Ruofei was appointed director of the United Front Work Department of the Cpc Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Party Committee, and later director of the Propaganda Department; in 1938, he was transferred to the Secretary General of the North China Central China Work Committee of the CPC Central Committee, in 1939 he was appointed Deputy Chief of Staff of the Yan'an Headquarters of the Eighteenth Group Army; in 1940, he was appointed Secretary General of the CPC Central Committee, Chief of Staff of the Central Military Commission, and In 1943 he was appointed Director of the Party Affairs Research Office of the CPC Central Committee. During this period, Ruofei completed a large number of manuscripts on the work of the Anti-Japanese National United Front, the Party, the Eighth Route Army, and the Border Region, drafted the "Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Strengthening Party Spirit" and the "Decision on the Land Policy of the Anti-Japanese Base Areas", and participated in the formulation of the central policy resolution on rent reduction and interest reduction.
During the war, the Communist Party of China often negotiated with the Kuomintang in order to achieve peace and democracy. At the beginning of 1944, Lin Boqu of the Central Committee of the Cpc Central Committee, as a representative and RuoFei as his assistant, went to Chongqing for negotiations many times. At that time, dong Biwu was responsible for the work of the Central Southern Bureau, and ruo flew to Chongqing and assisted Dong in his work. At the end of the year, Dong returned to Yan'an, and Ruofei was appointed secretary of the working committee.
In April 1938, Huang Qisheng, together with his wife and Xiaozhuang Nangui, left his daughters Su Zhao's mother and son and Cai Zhizhang to study and work in Yan'an. Arriving, various school groups asked for an introduction to Yan'an, and Qi Sheng was invited to go there. The provincial party department of the Kuomintang was dissatisfied with its duty to propagate on behalf of the Communist Party, and Qi Sheng said: "The Communist Party is active in resisting Japan, and there are ways, if I don't talk about it, how is it possible?" After the wind gradually tightened, Qi Sheng, his wife and Xiaozhuang, went to Kunming. In September, Qi Sheng entered Sichuan along the Sichuan-Yunnan line, preaching the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and Yan'an along the way. In October, he arrived in Chongqing and was greeted by the comrades in charge of the Eighth Route Army stationed in Chongqing and his old friends Huang Yanpei and Tao Xingzhi. According to Yan Pei's introduction, Qi Sheng was hired by the Yunnan Kaimeng Reclamation and Planting Bureau to preside over the work of Kaixin Village. He returned to Guiyang in the summer of 1940.
At this time, the Dade School had flowed to the outskirts of the city to avoid enemy air raids. Qi Sheng raised his home and actively promoted Dade School to carry out anti-Japanese propaganda activities, and the whole school was full of vitality. There were students who secretly informed, Yan Qisheng propaganda for the CCP, and there were photos of his daughter in Yan'an hanging at home. The Kuomintang Party Department sent people to inquire and check the diaries of the students they taught. Qi Sheng sternly reprimanded. Even then, when the curtain was cold, Qi Sheng took his grandson Ji Yuan away from Guiyang to Sichuan, and was hired by the Yucai College of Rural Construction in Xiemachang as a professor of literature and history. In 1942, Ying bishan Masanobu was appointed as a professor of literature and history for three years.
In January 1945, Qi Sheng went to Yan'an to settle down, accompanied by Mrs. Wang, his nephew Xiaozhuang, Xiao fen's brothers and sisters. After arriving in Yan'an, Mao Zedong personally visited him.
On August 15, Japan announced its unconditional surrender.
From 14 to 23 July, Chiang Kai-shek sent three telegrams in a row, inviting Mao Zedong to Chongqing for negotiations. On August 26, the central government decided to send Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and Wang Ruofei to Chongqing. On the 28th, three people arrived.
From August 1945 to April 1946, Ruofei assisted Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai in their work in Chongqing, and among the Kuomintang top brass, negotiators, democratic parties, patriots, and U.S. envoys, he "ran and shouted, never stopped," and carried out a lot of hard work to stop the civil war and strive for democracy and peace.
On February 10, 1946, a meeting was held at Bichangkou to celebrate the success of the CPPCC session, and Kuomintang agents injured Li Gongpu and Guo Moruo. In March, all walks of life in Yan'an pushed Huang Qisheng as a representative to Chongqing to offer condolences, and Qi Sheng arrived in Chongqing with Xiaozhuang.
On April 7, Ruofei left Chongqing and returned to Yan'an, where he had a night talk with Zhou Enlai, and his last words were: "Everything must be planned for the people." ”
On April 8, Ruofei flew back to Yan'an. There were thirteen people in the same plane, including Qi Sheng, Xiao Zhuang, Ye Ting, Bo Gu, and Deng Fa. The plane went to Heicha Mountain in Xingxian County, Shanxi Province, and was hit by a crash on the mountain, and all the people on board were killed. If you fly all year round fifty, Qi Sheng sixty has seven.
On April 13, Yan'an mourned Ruofei and the martyrs. The Cpc Central Committee of the Communist Party of China said: "The world is in great difficulty, relying on the front line of the struggle, adhering to democracy to drive out reaction, being indomitable, and hearing the fierce voices and losing the pillar; the party will always be painful, remembering the people's cause, but turning sorrow into strength, single-mindedly and morally, and vowing to win victory and comfort the heroic soul." ”
On April 19, a memorial service was held in Chongqing, and Guo Moruo read out the sacrifice text. The inscription of the sacrifice of Ruofei reads: "Prince of the Hall, be resolute and composed, dedicate himself to The Emperor, and serve the country with compassion." Before The collapse of Mount Tarzan, talk and laugh freely, temple disputes, and talk about it. The sacrifice text of Qi Sheng reads: "Huang Laoshi Gong, in this text, teaches people to be tireless, to be virtuous and tolerant, not to be afraid of the strong, not to talk about poverty, to vibrate and squash, and to sound like a bell." ”
In September 2009, Wang Ruofei was named one of the "100 Heroic And Exemplary Figures Who Made Outstanding Contributions to the Founding of New China".
(Source: Guizhou Provincial Museum of Culture and History)