Accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system with the support of advanced manufacturing

Advanced manufacturing is the commanding heights of competition among the world's major economies, the main battlefield of scientific and technological innovation, and the focus and difficulty of building a modern industrial system. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China emphasized that "accelerate the promotion of new industrialization, cultivate and expand advanced manufacturing clusters, and promote the high-end, intelligent and green development of the manufacturing industry". This requires that based on the foundation of the real economy, expand and strengthen the advanced manufacturing industry, actively promote new industrialization, transform and upgrade traditional industries, cultivate and expand emerging industries, advance the layout and construction of future industries, and accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system supported by advanced manufacturing. At present, the mainland manufacturing industry is facing a complex domestic and foreign situation, opportunities and challenges coexist, and it should promote the development of advanced manufacturing industry from the aspects of accelerating innovation-driven shaping new kinetic energy and new advantages, focusing on improving the resilience and security of the industrial chain and supply chain, promoting the upgrading of traditional industries and the cultivation of emerging industries, and creating a new engine for industrial integration and development, so as to give full play to the supporting role of advanced manufacturing, so as to lead and accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system.

Fully understand the core role of advanced manufacturing in building a modern industrial system

After years of development, the mainland has basically formed a large-scale, complete and competitive manufacturing system, and the overall scale of the manufacturing industry has ranked first in the world for 14 consecutive years. Compared with the traditional manufacturing industry, the advanced manufacturing industry adopts more new technologies, new equipment, new processes, new processes, and new production organization methods to improve the advanced and technological content of all aspects of the manufacturing industry and the whole process of production technology, and produce high-efficiency, high-value-added, high-quality, and high-growth products and services. In the long run, advanced manufacturing is the most important foundation and core of the modern industrial system, and we must fully understand the core position and supporting role of advanced manufacturing in the modern industrial system.

Advanced manufacturing is the core subject of the modern industrial system. From the perspective of the industrial system, the modern industrial system includes modern industry, modern agriculture, modern service industry and modern infrastructure. As an important part of modern industry, advanced manufacturing industry provides material and technical foundation such as machinery, fertilizer, capital, technology, data and scientific research achievements for modern agriculture, service industry and infrastructure, and is the core subject of the construction of modern industrial system, which determines the speed, scale and level of building a modern industrial system. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the mainland has insisted on promoting supply-side structural reform on the basis of a complete industrial system and efficient industrial supporting capacity, the industrial structure has become increasingly advanced and rationalized, the proportion of high-tech manufacturing industry has been increasing, and the development momentum of advanced manufacturing industry has been strong. At present, the production capacity of new energy vehicles, power batteries, photovoltaics, robots and other industries in mainland China is showing a rapid growth trend, the industrial advantages are gradually increasing, and the supporting role of advanced manufacturing industry in empowering the modern industrial system is becoming increasingly prominent.

Advanced manufacturing is the security pillar of the modern industrial system. From the perspective of industrial security, as the world's largest manufacturing country, the added value of the mainland's manufacturing industry accounts for about 30% of the world, but the problem of "big but not strong" still exists. In addition, the suppression of key industrial chains in the mainland has hindered industrial transformation and upgrading. With the acceleration of the adjustment of the global industrial chain and supply chain, advanced manufacturing has become the main battlefield of the strategic game of major powers, and it is the breakthrough and focus point to ensure the smooth operation of the industrial chain and supply chain. A number of strategic, high-end advanced industries related to the lifeline of the national economy and national security must be independent and controllable, provide strong security support for the construction of a modern industrial system, and ensure national industrial security.

Advanced manufacturing is the technological engine of the modern industrial system. From the perspective of technological innovation, the previous industrial revolutions are industrial revolutions driven by scientific and technological changes, and the research and development and application of new technologies are often first realized in the manufacturing industry, which brings innovation in manufacturing models and business models, and greatly liberates and develops productivity.

Advanced manufacturing industry is the source of original, leading and disruptive technologies, and constantly gives birth to new science and technology, matches new workers, manufactures new production tools and new industries, empowers the development of various economic and social industries through the transformation of the manufacturing process, and promotes the formation of a modern industrial system. With a large number of major innovations in the fields of industrial machine tools, key software, quantum technology, integrated circuits, artificial intelligence, biomedicine, and new energy, and the rapid growth of industries such as new energy, new materials, and robots, advanced manufacturing industry is becoming the vanguard of new quality productivity, and the innovation leader and technology engine of the modern industrial system.

Accelerating the development of advanced manufacturing industry is still facing a complex and severe internal and external situation

From the perspective of the external situation, the advanced manufacturing industry in mainland China is facing profound impacts such as technological evolution, factor change, and adjustment of the global competition pattern. First, the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation has accelerated the evolution and brought about changes in factor endowments. The new generation of information technology such as artificial intelligence is accelerating the penetration into all links of the industrial chain and supply chain, the digital economy is deeply integrated with the real economy, and the factor endowments between different economies are changing. Second, the increasingly fierce competition between major powers has brought about changes in industrial security. In recent years, some Western countries have escalated their crackdown on the mainland's advanced manufacturing industry, introducing industrial policies such as the CHIPS and Science Act and the Inflation Reduction Act to restrict industrial development and have a profound impact on the resilience and security of industrial and supply chains. Third, the deep adjustment of the global industrial chain and supply chain has brought about changes in the manufacturing pattern. Some Western countries have introduced industrial policies such as tax exemptions and subsidies to enhance industrial competitiveness and promote the "reshoring" of advanced manufacturing. Some emerging economies have accelerated the transfer of low-end industries, gradually occupied a place in industries such as textiles and garments, consumer electronics, automobiles and parts, and enhanced their position in the global manufacturing industry. The development of China's advanced manufacturing industry is facing a double attack and many challenges.

From the perspective of domestic development, some deep-seated structural problems faced by the development of advanced manufacturing industry in the mainland need to be solved. First, the overall growth momentum is insufficient, and the development of high-end industries has a relatively limited role in driving the economy. The mainland's high-tech manufacturing industry accounted for only 15.7%, and the added value of patent-intensive industries accounted for 12.7%, indicating that the new momentum to support growth was insufficient. Second, the quality of growth is not high, and the efficiency of enterprises is not excellent. On the whole, the problem of unbalanced and insufficient development of the manufacturing industry is still prominent, and some industries have the problem of insufficient supply of high-end products and overcapacity of low-end products. The efficiency of the world's top 500 manufacturing enterprises in China and the United States is basically the same, but the average profit and average profit margin of the mainland manufacturing companies on the list are only about a quarter of the companies on the US list. Third, there is great pressure on green and low-carbon transformation. Compared with other economies, the mainland faces the challenges of short emission reduction time and large emission reduction to achieve the "dual carbon" goal. On the whole, the status quo of the mainland's industrial structure and energy structure has not fundamentally changed, and the pressure on green and low-carbon transformation is greater. Fourth, digital transformation still needs to be accelerated. From the perspective of technology, the innovation ability in key areas is insufficient, and the development of operating systems, industrial software, high-end chips, basic materials and other fields lags behind the level of developed countries, and some fields are facing the problem of "stuck neck". From the perspective of application, limited by the constraints of concept, technology, management, capital and other constraints, the digital transformation of traditional industries is relatively lagging behind, and the digital level of small and medium-sized enterprises is relatively low. In addition, the governance system of the digital economy needs to be improved, the institutional system of data elements is still under construction, and the participation in the international governance and rules of the digital economy needs to be improved.

Develop advanced manufacturing industry and build a modern industrial system

To build a modern industrial system supported by advanced manufacturing, we should base ourselves on the new stage of development, implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, hold high the banner of new industrialization, adhere to scientific and technological innovation to promote industrial innovation, give full play to the leading role of advanced manufacturing, promote the deep organic integration of industries, accelerate the formation of new quality productivity, and enhance the core competitiveness of advanced manufacturing industry.

Based on strengthening industrial scientific and technological innovation, we will continue to shape new momentum and new advantages of advanced manufacturing industry. Organically combine the strengthening of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation, promote the deep integration of science and technology and industry, and effectively enhance the ability of industrial scientific and technological innovation. Give full play to the role of enterprises in basic research, especially applied basic research, and do a good job in tackling key core technologies. Implement the industrial base reengineering project, speed up the major technical equipment research projects, build a number of industrial science and technology innovation centers, accelerate the development of key core technologies in the fields of basic raw materials, core components, and high-end equipment, achieve more original breakthroughs from "0 to 1", and seize the commanding heights of future development. Accelerate the integration of the "four chains" of innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain and talent chain, improve the transformation mechanism of "basic research + technical research + industrialization of achievements" from the innovation chain to the industrial chain, and promote the supply chain of short board industries, the extension of the chain of advantageous industries, the upgrading of traditional industries and the construction of emerging industries.

With a focus on maintaining industrial security, efforts will be made to improve the resilience and security of industrial and supply chains. Promote the resilience and security of the industrial chain and supply chain from three aspects: industrial chain upgrading, supply chain cost reduction, and regional industrial coordination. Timely track the technological control trends of developed countries on the mainland, conduct in-depth research on the bottlenecks and breakpoints of the mainland's industrial and supply chains, improve the ability to guarantee the supply of strategic resources, and ensure the safety and stability of key industrial and supply chains. Focus on the characteristics of regional development, promote the orderly transfer of industries in the eastern, central and western regions, optimize the layout of major regional productive forces, and build a regional industrial pattern with complementary advantages. Accelerate the construction of an efficient and smooth logistics system, build modern infrastructure, and enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of the manufacturing industry with superior infrastructure and ecosystem.

Guided by new quality productivity, we will promote the upgrading of traditional industries, the cultivation of emerging industries and the layout of future industries. Accelerate the layout of new quality productive forces, coordinate the upgrading of traditional industries, expand emerging industries and cultivate future industries. Accelerate the construction of a new generation of information technology, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, new energy, new materials, high-end equipment, green environmental protection and a number of new growth engines, and seize new areas and new tracks for the development of the manufacturing industry. Promote the high-end, intelligent and green development of traditional industries, and accelerate industrial transformation and upgrading. Improve the efficiency of innovation, give full play to the efficiency of innovation to lead industrial development, and promote China's manufacturing to the high-end of the industrial chain value chain.

Focus on the deep integration of data and reality to create a new engine for industrial integration and development. Accelerate the development of the digital economy and form a modern industrial system that deeply integrates the digital economy and the real economy. Accelerate the development of "artificial intelligence +", promote the application and promotion of a new generation of information technology in the manufacturing industry, promote the "deep integration of data and reality", and build a digital industrial cluster with international competitiveness. With the help of rich data resources accumulated in the process of digital transformation and intelligent manufacturing, we will accelerate the development and utilization of data, and cultivate and expand "data"-related industries. Promote the deep integration of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries, accelerate the development of industrial design, financial technology, modern logistics and other productive services, encourage service-oriented manufacturing, and extend the manufacturing industry chain. Promote the deep integration of industry and modern agriculture. Strengthen the support of agricultural science and technology and equipment, promote the development of rural industries, and inject strong impetus into urban-rural integration and rural revitalization.

(The author is Secretary of the Party Committee of China Electronic Information Industry Development Research Institute)