Although the officers and men of the Anti-Japanese Union showed their skills in the special detachments sent by the Soviet Army, the Soviet Far Eastern Army was very cautious in the use of the Anti-Union Teaching Brigade. In the early morning of August 9, after the Soviet army started the war against Japan, the Anti-Japanese Union did not receive any orders on how to act. According to Zhou Baozhong's diary, after the Soviet army started the war against Japan, the Far Eastern Army had a new initiative against the 88th Brigade and ordered the brigade to organize several echelons to stand by. At 3 o'clock on August 11, according to the instructions, the first echelon of the Anti-United Nations Teaching Brigade stopped dispatching, disbanded and returned to the battalion, and prepared for the whole trip to be transported by river, which means that the Anti-United Nations Teaching Brigade will be transferred from echelon action to brigade-wide formation operation.
At 18 o'clock in the afternoon of the 11th, the 88th Brigade was ordered to move to the riverside. The next day, Wang Xinlin wrote to him saying that he would suspend his place and not move.
On the same day, Wang Xinlin instructed the 88th Brigade to reorganize the first echelon and prepare for departure. The next day, at 3 o'clock on August 13, the combat mission of the 88th Brigade took a new turn.
By 19 August, the 88th Brigade had not received an order to leave. BRIGADE COMMANDER ZHOU BAOZHONG TOOK THE LIEUTENANT STAFF OFFICER AND THE CHIEF OF THE ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT TO THE GENERAL HEADQUARTERS TO ASK FOR INSTRUCTIONS ON THE FUTURE ACTIONS OF THE BRIGADE.
After that, Brigadier Zhou Baozhong went to Boli again and asked Wang Xinlin to forward a telegram requesting war to Commander-in-Chief Abanashchenko; After that, Zhou again went to the headquarters of the Second Front Army in the Far East to inquire about the movement of this trip, "and ask for help so that I can personally go to the base camp to consult Colonel Wang Xinlin." It was not until "11 o'clock on the 13th that Colonel Wang Xinlin came to his residence to inform him of the problem of the trip, and the base camp had also called the commander of the Second Front Army to ask for specific opinions."
In late August, when the task of the Anti-Japanese Union was still undecided, Zhou Baozhong suddenly received a telegram from Stalin from Moscow transferred from the Far Eastern Army Headquarters. The message was as follows: "Northeast China is the northeast of your Chinese people, the task of the Soviet Red Army is to liberate the northeast, and the task of building the northeast is your mission." "
Although it has been nearly 17 days since the start of the war, the desire of the officers and men of the Anti-Japanese Union to rush to the front line has still not been satisfied, but everyone does not feel sad. This is because everyone estimates that the battle to liberate the whole northeast will take a long time, and there will be hard fighting and vicious battles. However, no one expected that the Japanese government would announce its surrender on August 15. Hearing the news, everyone was overjoyed, but also regretted that they could not personally participate in the battle to annihilate the Japanese invaders.
After the Japanese government announced its unconditional surrender on 15 August, on 14 August, the Kuomintang government, which had signed the "Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance" with the Soviet government, ordered the people's troops in the liberated areas to be stationed on the spot and on standby, and not to "act without authorization" against the enemy. In the name of commander of the Far Allied Forces, MacArthur ordered the Japanese army to surrender to Chiang Kai-shek's army and his government, but not to the people's armed forces under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. With the cooperation of the United States and Chiang Kai-shek in snatching the fruits of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Soviet Far East Army and the Northeast Anti-Japanese Federation could not but take corresponding countermeasures according to the actual situation.
On 28 August, Lieutenant General Shikin, military commissar of the General Headquarters of the Soviet Far Eastern Army, summoned Zhou Baozhong, commander of the Teaching Brigade of the Anti-Japanese Alliance, and gave instructions to Vasilevsky, commander-in-chief of the Far Eastern Army: The existing Chinese and Soviet personnel of the 88th Brigade should act separately, and the Soviet personnel should not move for the time being. The Chinese were to occupy various strategic points in northeast China with the various armies of the Soviet army, and were prepared to accept the appointment of commanders of the Soviet garrisons stationed in various cities in the northeast. At the same time, he specified the tasks of the Anti-Union after returning to the Northeast:
1. To help the Soviet army maintain the revolutionary order in the occupied areas, eliminate the remnants of the enemy and all counter-revolutionaries, enhance the prestige of the Soviet army among the local masses, and promote friendship between the Chinese and Soviet peoples.
2. Taking advantage of the legal status of the Anti-Japanese Federation to participate in military control to establish party organizations, carry out mass movements, and establish people's armed forces and base areas outside the main occupied areas.
Lieutenant General Xi Jin, together with Zhou Baozhong, also estimated three possible scenarios: First, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Eighth Route Army distributed their forces to the northeast to prepare to meet the Party Central Committee and the Eighth Route Army. Second, the Eighth Route Army was temporarily cut off by new reactionary forces, and the Kuomintang ruled the northeast and prepared for a new and long guerrilla war against the Kuomintang. Third, the Anti-Japanese Union was in a very unfavorable situation in the northeast, so it could retreat with the Soviet army and then return to the Soviet Union.
The commanders and fighters of the Anti-Union Teaching Brigade had a dual identity when cooperating with the Soviet Army's counteroffensive in the northeast. They were not only members of the anti-Japanese coalition forces in northeastern China, but also belonged to the Soviet army, and could carry out all kinds of legal activities in the occupied areas. After the Soviet troops withdrew from the northeast, they could naturally take over the city as commanders and fighters of the Anti-Japanese Alliance. In this way, the provisions of the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance signed between the Soviet government and the Chinese Kuomintang government on 14 August did not violate the provisions of the "Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance" signed by the Soviet government and the Chinese Kuomintang government, and at the same time ensured that the regions could be smoothly returned to the people's hands, so that the conspiracy of the United States and Chiang Kai-shek to plunder the fruits of the people's victory in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression would be defeated.
In accordance with the above spirit, the leaders of the Anti-Japanese Federation have laid out a specific action plan for all commanders and fighters:
First, after counterattacking the northeast, the commanders and fighters of the Anti-Japanese Union quickly seized 57 strategic points, that is, 12 large cities and 45 medium- and small-sized cities, in order to take over the northeast.
Second, the establishment of the 88th Brigade of the Anti-Japanese Union was abolished. The main responsible persons of the cadres of the Anti-United Nations at various strategic points appeared in the capacity of deputy commander of the Soviet garrison command, and each commander and fighter of the Anti-United Nations was issued with a certificate of officer of the Soviet army. For the sake of secrecy, the names of the officers on their certificates were changed, and their names and identities in the Northeast Anti-Japanese Federation were not revealed, so as to cope with all kinds of complicated situations. For example, Zhou Baozhong was changed to Huang Shaoyuan, Zhang Shouhou was changed to Li Zhaolin, and Cui Shiquan was changed to Cui Yongjian.
Third, it stipulates the liaison system and tools, the liaison relationship between personnel transfers and the General Headquarters of the Soviet Army, and the temporary contact methods between the Anti-Japanese Union and the Headquarters of the Second Far Eastern Front and the other two Far Eastern Front Commands.
On the evening of 27 August, Zhou Baozhong went to the residence of General Pulkaev, commander of the Second Far Eastern Front, to discuss the distribution of dispatched personnel. At that time, there were a total of 330 members of the Anti-United Nations (excluding the special detachments and small units that had been dispatched), of which dozens of Korean soldiers could be used as counteroffensive personnel. The remaining sick, pregnant, infirm and children are those left behind and can return to China and the DPRK at an appropriate time.
Taking into account the needs of the struggle and the actual situation of the Anti-Japanese Union, the Northeast Party Organization Committee, the 88th Special Brigade, and the General Headquarters of the Far Eastern Army jointly decided to promote a group of anti-Japanese fighters in advance, including 40 Chinese comrades and 17 Korean comrades. At the same time, in view of the fact that the fighters of the 88th Brigade have passed the severe test of the protracted revolutionary war and have met the conditions for members of the Communist Party of China, the Northeast Committee of the Communist Party of China has decided to approve the non-party fighters of the 88th Brigade to join the Communist Party of China en masse, and stipulates that they will directly become full members of the Communist Party of China without going through the waiting period. On the afternoon of 28 August, the brigade held a meeting of officers at and above the company level to announce the above-mentioned decisions and make preparations for departure. Zhou Baozhong and Li Zhaolin, leaders of the Anti-Japanese Federation, exhorted everyone to accomplish the great task of seizing and taking over the Northeast with a new fighting attitude, and called on all Communist Party members to actively implement the line of the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China and contribute to the establishment of a unified, democratic, and free New China in the struggle to take over the Northeast. At this point, the 88th Special Training Brigade was officially abolished.
After a series of intense preparations, the commanders and fighters of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Federation were escorted by relevant personnel of the Soviet Far East Army from Boli to Northeast China and Korea, thus opening a new page in the glorious history of the Anti-Japanese Federation.
The first group of 170 people flew to Harbin, Jilin, Yanji and North Korea in northeastern China on 6 September. Among them, Li Zhaolin went to Harbin City, Wang Xiaoming went to Jilin City, Kang Xintae (Korean nationality) went to Yanji City, and Kim Il Sung went to Pyongyang, North Korea.
The second group of more than 40 people led by Peng Shilu to Jiamusi City on September 7.
The third batch of 102 people was led by Zhou Baozhong on September 8 and flew to Changchun, Shenyang and other cities by four planes.
The fourth group, with a total of more than 30 people, led by Wang Minggui, Fan Delin, and Dong Chongbin, arrived in Harbin, Dalian and other cities by plane on 9 September.
At 3:10 p.m. on September 8, four planes loaded with 102 commanders and fighters of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Federation landed at Changchun Airport. Prior to this, on August 18, 500 Soviet troops had parachuted into Changchun to occupy Changchun. On August 24, the General Headquarters of the Trans-Baikal Front and its Commander-in-Chief, Marshal Malinovsky, moved to the former site of the Japanese Kwantung Army Headquarters in Changchun. The Northeast Committee of the Communist Party of China and Zhou Baozhong moved into the Yamato Hotel and began the work of receiving and occupying Changchun. In this way, Changchun City is not only one of the 12 major strategic cities in the Northeast occupied by the Anti-Japanese Federation, but also the general headquarters of the Anti-Japanese Federation to seize and take over the Northeast.
There are a total of 12 central points in the northeast strategic points seized by the anti-union forces, and these central points are: Changchun, Zhou Baozhong is responsible; Harbin, Li Zhaolin is in charge; Shenyang, Feng Zhongyun is responsible; Jilin, Wang Xiaoming is responsible, Yanji, Jiang Xintai is responsible; Qiqihar, Wang Minggui is responsible; Bei'an, Wang Jun is responsible; Helen, Zhang Guangdi is in charge, Suihua is in charge, and Chen Lei is in charge; Jiamusi, Peng Shilu is responsible; Mudanjiang, Jin Guangxia is responsible; In Dalian, Dong Chongbin and other 7 people were originally sent, but later due to the Soviet army taking over Dalian, Dong Chongbin and others withdrew to Changchun. There are a number of small strategic points under each of the major strategic points, nearly 50.
With the liberation of various strategic points by the Soviet army and the development of the struggle to seize and take over the Northeast by the Anti-United Nations, some Anti-Japanese Union personnel who were arrested in the past and were released from prison or lost contact with the Anti-United Nations in the course of their missions have come to the Northeast one after another. In addition, the anti-United Nations personnel who carried out reconnaissance missions of small units under the direct control of the Soviet Far Eastern Army and returned automatically after completing the tasks joined the anti-United Nations contingent at various strategic points, thus increasing the number of anti-United Nations personnel. Of course, some of the captured fighters of the former Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army were released, as well as underground workers of the Northeast Party organizations also enthusiastically came to report for duty, such as 29 such personnel who seized Qiqihar within three days of arriving there, and 29 such personnel joined their fighting ranks. In November, Li Yanlu, former commander of the 4th Army of the Anti-Japanese Federation, Li Fanwu, one of the responsible persons of the Jidong Special Committee of the Communist Party of China, and Li Jingpu, commander of the 5th Army, arrived from Yan'an to Jiamusi, Mudanjiang, and other places, thus strengthening the leadership of the Northeast and strengthening the momentum and influence of the Anti-Japanese Federation.
After the commanders and fighters of the Anti-Japanese Federation were distributed in various strategic points in the northeast, they began to carry out their work. Since the northeast region was under the rule of Japanese imperialism for 14 years, and since Japan was faced with the complicated situation of the Kuomintang regime vigorously fighting for the northeast after the defeat of the war, where the struggle would be carried out and how the work would be carried out was indeed a major issue. In accordance with the operational tasks set in August 1945 and after careful study, the Anti-Japanese Federation first determined that the focus of its work at present was to restore and build up the party's organizations, build the people's army, and establish the people's political power. In terms of working methods, according to different characteristics, it is roughly divided into two types. One is the large and medium-sized cities directly occupied by the Soviet army, such as Shenyang, Changchun, Harbin, Dalian, Qiqihar, and other places, because the Soviet government has a treaty with the Chinese Kuomintang government, it is inconvenient for the Soviet side to allow our party to openly establish political power and army, and the work of the Anti-Japanese Federation can only be carried out in a covert way. Another way was to refuse the Kuomintang authorities to receive and manage the Kuomintang authorities in some county towns and towns where there were no Soviet garrisons on the grounds that the Soviet troops could occupy them but the Soviet troops had not yet arrived.
The leaders of the Anti-Japanese Federation who returned to the northeast attached great importance to the issue of restoring and developing the party's organization in the northeast region as soon as possible, and sent a group of underground party workers to various localities to carry out this work long before the counteroffensive in the northeast. After the start of the counteroffensive, the Northeast Party Organization Committee demanded that the anti-Japanese federation personnel who went to various localities to carry out their work must regard the restoration and development of the party organizations as the primary task and conscientiously do a good job. At that time, the situation of the party organizations in the northeast region was as follows: the original local party organizations at all levels were repeatedly destroyed and suppressed under the Japanese puppet rule, and they were completely lost, and most of the remaining grassroots organizations and party members lost their organizational relations with their superiors, and some party members have been imprisoned since they were arrested; The commanders and fighters of the former anti-Japanese federation units were either captured and imprisoned by the enemy during the battle, or they lost organizational contact due to illness or wounds and lurked in various places; In addition, there were underground party members and cadres sent to the northeast at different times by the Northeast Working Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China or other liberated areas in the Guannai to carry out clandestine activities during the Japanese puppet period, as well as party members among the "special workers" who were imprisoned by the Japanese army for hard labor after being captured in the battle against the Japanese army in the Guannai. After the start of the great counteroffensive, some of the above-mentioned personnel came out of prison, while others rose on the spot, and for a time they formed a very large revolutionary force. For these different party organizations and party members, it is necessary to find out the situation as soon as possible and restore organizational relations. Due to the complicated situation, it is indeed not an easy task to do a good job in restoring and developing the party's organization in a short period of time. After comprehensively analyzing the above-mentioned situation, the Northeast Party Organization Committee pointed out that all strategically important areas in Northeast China should actively and prudently carry out this work.
Changchun is the location of the Soviet Army's General Headquarters in the Northeast. In order to better cooperate with the work of the Soviet army, the organs of the Northeast Committee of the Communist Party of China and the headquarters of the Anti-Japanese Federation were also located here. After Zhou Baozhong flew to Changchun with the members of the Anti-Japanese Federation, he immediately began to restore the work of the party organization in Changchun, and in mid-September, the Changchun Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China was established, and Zhou Baozhong served as secretary.
The members of the Anti-Japanese Union who seized Harbin soon established the Songjiang Regional Committee of the Communist Party of China with Li Zhaolin as its secretary.
After Feng Zhongyun flew to Shenyang with the anti-Japanese federation personnel, he got in touch with the party organizations of the Eighth Route Army, which had advanced to the Shenyang area one after another, and formally established the Shenyang Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China in mid-September.
The Heilongjiang region formed the Qiqihar City Committee of the Communist Party of China, and later established the Heilongjiang Regional Committee of the Communist Party of China, which was composed of Wang Minggui, Wang Jun, Chen Lei, Zhang Guangdi, and Zhang Ruilin.
Later, party organizations were established in Jiamusi, Mudanjiang, Jilin, and Yanji.
During the period from early September to mid-October, the Anti-Japanese Federation, which had returned to Northeast China, had actively assisted the Soviet army in purging the remnants of the Japanese puppets and reactionary forces in various localities, and began to establish party organizations at all levels.
The work of establishing the people's political power was carried out by the Anti-Japanese Federation in the course of assisting the Soviet army in eliminating the remnants of the enemy and the puppet, maintaining law and order in the areas where it was stationed, and cooperating with the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army to advance into the northeast.
In August 1945, just after the Soviet troops entered Changchun, the reactionary forces here were very rampant. The puppet traitors, policemen, and other remnants of the enemy and the puppet were transformed into various "advance armies" and "advance armies" of the Kuomintang. There were many "city party departments," "district party offices," and "district departments" of all kinds of fake Kuomintang, and the so-called "Changchun Maintenance Association" was also organized. The reactionary maintenance committee and the Kuomintang spies instigated the remnants of the enemy and the puppet elements to shoot black guns everywhere and undermine public order.
After the Anti-Japanese Federation entered Changchun, Zhou Baozhong proposed to the headquarters of the Soviet garrison that it would publicize to the whole world the 14-year arduous anti-Japanese struggle waged by the people of Northeast China under the leadership of the Communist Party of China through radio and newspapers, publicize the anti-Japanese coalition forces, commend the martyrs of the anti-Japanese resistance, and publicize the heroic achievements of the Eighth Route Army, the New Fourth Army and other people's armies under the leadership of the Communist Party of China in persisting in the War of Resistance against Japan, so as to establish correct public opinion. He also demanded that the public security bureau be taken over and a people's police force established to maintain public order. After consultations, the two sides decided that the Anti-Japanese Federation would send Wang Yizhi and others to station, in the name of the Soviet army, in the name of the puppet Kant News Agency, the radio station, the puppet post and telecommunications bureau, the puppet public security bureau, and other key departments, and exercise military control over these departments. The radio station is called "Changchun People's Radio". There are only two types of newspapers, namely Guangming Daily and Northeast Daily. Because they were under military control, the original personnel of the above-mentioned departments had no choice but to obey the command. After the puppet public security bureau was put under the military control of the anti-Japanese coalition personnel in the name of the Soviet army, the original fire and police teams were cleaned up, and a "volunteer police force" of more than 300 people was established, and a security department of the garrison headquarters was established to carry out the task of maintaining public order. In order to complete the actual work of taking over the city, the Changchun Garrison Commander's Office was independently formed by the Anti-Japanese Federation, which consisted of five departments: public security, social affairs, public works, politics, and special services, which carried out their work respectively. In addition to Changchun, Harbin and other major and medium-sized cities in North Manchuria have also taken similar measures.
Shenyang, the largest city in the northeast, was already in the area where Li Yunchang's headquarters of the Eighth Route Army arrived in early September, and the work in all aspects was carried out more rapidly. When Zeng Kelin and Tang Kai led the vanguard of the Eighth Route Army to Shenyang, the Soviet troops were not allowed to enter the city at first, but after repeated negotiations, it was explained that the Eighth Route Army was in accordance with the order of Commander-in-Chief Zhu of the Yan'an Headquarters to go to the northeast to cooperate with the Soviet army, and it was a matter of course to take over the cities in the northeast and maintain social order. After entering the city, the Northeast People's Autonomous Army, with the cooperation of the anti-Japanese anti-Japanese alliance personnel led by Feng Zhongyun, took over the Shenyang Arsenal, warehouse, radio station, post and telecommunications bureau and other departments, and soon established the Shenyang Municipal People's Government, with Bai Xiqing as mayor, Jiao Ruoyu as deputy mayor, and Zhao Guanhua as director of the public security bureau. Soon, Anshan, Haicheng, Andong and other places were also taken over by the Northeast People's Autonomous Army.