According to the latest report of the Times, in recent days, Yerevan, the capital of Armenia, has become a hot spot for protests.
Large numbers of people took to the streets, and their main appeal was against the decision of the Pashinyan government to "cede land" to neighboring Azerbaijan.
This decision provoked a strong reaction among the Armenian population, who considered it a serious violation of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the State and could not accept such an arrangement.
Therefore, they are crying out for the Pashinyan government to resign in the shortest possible time, that is, within an hour, as a responsibility for the state and for the mood of the population.
There is a lot of drama behind this incident. Armenia has always had close relations with Russia, which is seen as an important backing for Armenia.
However, with the outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, Russia is caught in a tense standoff with Ukraine and has no time to take care of the situation in Armenia.
In this context, the escalation of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict has plunged Armenia into an unprecedented predicament.
Fortunately, at a critical moment, the direct intervention of the Russian army forcibly halted the conflict, which undoubtedly relieved Armenia.
Otherwise, Pashinian's leadership will be in jeopardy, and even his personal life may be at risk.
At the same time, the issue of the border between Armenia and Azerbaijan has come into focus.
According to CCTV News, the first boundary pillar was set up between the two countries recently, marking the official start of the process of demarcating the border between the two countries. Behind this move are compromises and concessions on the part of Armenia.
Four villages previously controlled by Armenia are now being reassigned to Azerbaijani jurisdiction.
The spokesman of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan welcomed this as a long-awaited historic event.
The Armenian side hopes that such an arrangement can further reduce regional security risks and create conditions for peaceful coexistence between the two countries.
However, Pashinian's statement has sparked a certain amount of controversy.
During his visit to the Tavush region, which is close to the disputed villages, he said in a slightly threatening tone that Armenia must hand over the villages or face a joint military strike by Azerbaijan and Turkey.
Such rhetoric has undoubtedly heightened tensions in the region. When asked by residents what concessions Azerbaijan would make to secure the villages, Pashinyan bluntly stated that "they will not pay any compensation."
This means that the so-called "restitution" is actually a reluctant choice for Armenia under pressure, and not an equal exchange in the true sense of the word.
Armenia is located in the mountainous region of the Transcaucasus, and is known as the three Caucasus countries along with Georgia and Azerbaijan.
This region has long been a geopolitical crossroads, with Russia to the north, Iran to the south, and Turkey to the west.
The history of Armenia is full of twists and turns, having suffered brutal oppression and massacres by Ottoman Turkey.
In order to fight for their right to independence and self-government, the Armenian people rose up against it and established close ties with Tsarist Russia to seek support and refuge.
However, during the Soviet era, Armenia lost this important patron and even a large amount of land that would have belonged to them.
Armenia is a relatively small country and has a small population.
Its economy mainly relies on agriculture, but due to the constraints of geographical environment and resource conditions, economic development is relatively lagging behind.
In search of better life opportunities and development space, many Armenians choose to leave their homeland and go to places like Europe to earn a living.
This phenomenon of population loss poses certain challenges to the socio-economic development of Armenia.
As a member of the Russian-dominated CSTO, Armenia should have been able to rely on Russian military protection to defend its territorial sovereignty and national security.
However, after the outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, Armenia expressed strong dissatisfaction with Russia's failure to provide sufficient military support at a critical moment.
This frustration has gradually morphed into a distancing from Russia and a shift toward the West.
Armenia began to actively seek closer relations with Western countries for support and assistance.
They not only frequently engage in diplomatic interactions and exchange visits with the United States and other Western countries, but also actively participate in joint military exercises and other security cooperation mechanisms to enhance their own defense capabilities and international status.
In addition, Armenia has signed security cooperation agreements with France and other countries and imported advanced weapons and equipment to strengthen its military strength.
These initiatives undoubtedly pose a serious threat and challenge to the unity of the CSTO in Russia.
Because many CSTO member states are multi-ethnic states, in the context of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, they have expressed strong opposition and concern about Russia's invasion of eastern Ukraine's territory and the inclusion of the four eastern regions of Ukraine and Crimea.
Fearing that Russia would use the same tactics for territorial expansion and encroachment on its allies, these countries expressed understanding and support for Armenia's turn.
This also allows Armenia to gain more leverage and voice in the game with Russia.
Against this backdrop, Russian President Vladimir Putin and Armenian Prime Minister Pashinyan held talks in an attempt to repair relations and strengthen cooperation, but each side has different goals.
Russia hopes to strengthen bilateral economic and trade cooperation to strengthen bilateral relations and preserve the unity of the CSTO;
Armenia, on the other hand, is trying to test Russia's rhetoric about its policies through dialogue and to seek more support and assistance to develop its economy and improve its international standing, while also preparing and paving the way for a possible withdrawal from the CSTO.
Although the talks have achieved certain results and relevant agreements have been signed, differences and challenges between the two sides remain and are difficult to resolve.
In the future, the development of bilateral relations still requires the joint efforts of both sides to promote and resolve existing problems and contradictions, so as to achieve a mutually beneficial and win-win situation.
Overall, relations between Armenia and Russia remain fraught with trade-offs and entanglements, although there is a certain basis for cooperation and common interests between the two countries.
But differences and challenges are equally obvious and difficult to ignore, requiring both sides to work together to find solutions to achieve stability and development of the relationship.
At the same time, Armenia also needs to seriously think about and plan its own future development path and direction to better cope with the changes and challenges in the domestic and foreign situation.
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