Lead
"Five, four, three, two, one, ignition!"
The successful launch of the Chang'e-6 probe with the help of the "Son of the East" carrier rocket marks the official launch of the mainland's Chang'e exploration mission, and the Chang'e-6 probe will also make a trip to the moon to explore the target, and the mission of the Chang'e-6 probe is to explore the geology and landforms of the Aitken Basin.
This will be of great help to future human moon landing activities.
The Chang'e series of exploration missions all carry out scientific exploration activities in and around the lunar orbit, with the purpose of making scientific preparations for the mainland's independent lunar landing activities, and at the same time, it is also beneficial for us to carry out resource exploration and scientific exploration on the moon.
Of course, the United States is worried about the mainland's lunar landing program, because they do not want the mainland to land on the moon first, even if their lunar landing operation is unsuccessful, but they do not want the mainland to land on the moon, so when the Chang'e-6 probe was successfully launched, they were indeed a little panicked.
1. The launch of Chang'e-6.
The successful launch of the Chang'e-6 probe on the mainland has led to the development of China's space industry applauded by all the staff of the Chinese Astronaut Center and the people of the whole country, marking a trip to the moon for the Chang'e-6 probe.
The mission of the Chang'e-6 probe is to explore the geological and geomorphological environment of the Aitken Basin.
Key point 1: The U.S. lunar program against China.
The successful landing of Chang'e-3 on the moon in 2013 achieved the goal of returning a human probe to the moon for the first time in nearly four decades.
This makes the continent the third country after the former Soviet Union and the United States to have the technology to explore the soft landing of the moon.
The continent is also the country that left a nameplate on the moon after the Soviet Union and the United States.
Since then, the mainland has launched Chang'e-4 and Chang'e-5 one after another, and Chang'e-4 has been more forward-looking and successfully landed on the far side of the moon.
China has gradually become a "hot potato" for lunar exploration.
The mainland is again "reloaded" in the field of aerospace.
After the successful landing of Chang'e-4, due to the three-dimensional topography of the lunar surface, it is impossible to communicate directly with the ground on the earth, which also makes the far side of the moon extremely mysterious and has not been thoroughly explored by earthlings.
Therefore, the mainland has put forward the goal of landing on the south pole of the moon, and the return sample project of Chang'e-5 is a sequel to Chang'e-4, which will further accurately measure the moon and review the location and environment of the samples returned by Chang'e-5, so as to prepare for the subsequent landing on the moon.
Only then will the subsequent missions to the moon be ready.
This also marks the official launch of the mainland's Chang'e-5 mission, the mission of Chang'e-5 is to explore the target, sample the soil on the lunar surface, and bring the sampled soil back to Earth on the basis of the moon's autonomous exploration and sampling technology, and wait for the return capsule of Chang'e-5 and the lander of Chang'e-5 to finally return in 2020, and send the soil collected from the lunar surface to the ground for analysis, which will be of great benefit to the follow-up Chinese space Antarctic landing mission.
Since the successful landing of the U.S. "Apollo 11" on the moon in 1969 to the end of the "Apollo 17" moon landing operation, the United States has carried out six manned lunar landings, of which the "Apollo 11" and "Apollo 12" two missions were on the lunar surface, to observe meteors, and to collect soil on the lunar surface, these two missions did not achieve lunar exploration.
Since the beginning of "Apollo 13", the lunar exploration work has been carried out gradually, but the "Apollo 13" mission was also interrupted because the astronauts could no longer explore the oxygen tank during the flight.
The third landing mission was completed on Apollo 14, which explored the lunar surface and successfully returned in 1971.
Since then, mainland astronauts have not carried out any more moon landing operations.
And in 1972, "Apollo 17" completed the last activity of the United States to land on the moon, ending the activities of the United States on the moon.
After that, if a country wants to explore the moon, it must go through the "United Nations Guiding Principles for Astronaut Activities".
That is, countries cannot carry out lunar exploration missions alone, and must cooperate with other countries to determine which country in the world can carry out lunar exploration activities for a period of time.
U.S. President Trump proposed to land on the moon again, and in 2019, U.S. President Trump proposed to let the U.S. land on the moon again in 2024, which also sounds a bit suspenseful, because after the end of the "Apollo" program, the United States only used the Mars "Pathfinder" and other machine exploration missions to explore the moon, and the next time the United States lands on the moon again, it plans to land water ice resources on the moon's south pole.
However, in 2019, the United States proposed another plan to go to the moon, but in 2020, the United States proposed a plan called "Artez Program".
This has not yet begun, and the United States has launched another "moon program".
At this time, Bridensting, the director of the U.S. astronaut agency, said that he was "happy" about the mainland's Chang'e lunar exploration mission.
But the U.S. will not participate in the U.N. Lunar Sampling Program or the recovery effort at this time.
The United States also proposed the "Artez Charter", which declares the exploration of the moon by the United States and American companies from 2020 to 2040, and there are many signatures on this document, but there is no China among them.
And the Artez Charter will monopolize lunar resources, which means that the United States is trying to monopolize lunar resources.
This approach of the United States has also been widely criticized by the United Nations.
So on the day of the U.S. launch of Chang'e-6, NASA Administrator Nelson said: "We are very excited, China can do this, but we must not let China land on the moon first." ”
It also means that the United States will fight alongside China.
Key point 2: China's expectations for Chang'e-6.
The mission of the Chang'e-6 probe is to explore the geology and geomorphology of the Aitken Basin.
The Aitken Basin is a large impact basin located on the Moon, in which there is a large and absolutely young basalt, and there are also rain rocks and other rocks that can be found here, which also proves that this is a young plain and an important geological location on the surface of the Moon.
The mainland's Chang'e-6 probe will also conduct a detailed exploration of the geology and landforms of this place, which is very crucial for the mainland's future autonomous lunar landing activities.
From Chang'e-1 to Chang'e-6, the Chang'e probe will carry out detailed explorations of the moon, and after these probes return to the earth, scientists on the mainland will study the soil samples on the moon, so as to prepare for the mainland's future lunar landing activities.
The mainland's Chang'e-6 probe, which was successfully launched on April 20, 2023, will probe the Aitken Basin, which will make a huge contribution to the mainland's lunar landing activities.
2. Why is the United States under so great pressure?
In 1969, the United States announced the suspension of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th moon landing missions, and invited Soviet astronauts to the United States to exchange astronaut technology in the joint talks between the then US President Nixon and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev.
In 1998, the United States established the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) with the long-term goal of sending humans to Mars in 2020, and in mid-2021, NASA will conduct a mission.
Mars has always been a place that countries in the "world" have longed for, but it is the United States that is the strongest in space exploration.
Americans have been moving towards Mars exploration, but because of financial constraints, or technological constraints, the United States "always innovates."
Former U.S. President Barack Obama said that the United States will explore Mars, and technology companies have also been deeply engaged in space exploration, which has further promoted the innovation and progress of space technology.
But as recently as 2018, why did President Trump come up with the goal of landing the U.S. on the moon again by 2024?
For President Trump, he wants the United States to regain its dominance in the field of space, he is an advocate of hard power, and the United States is a world power, so it also makes him feel "unhappy", so Trump wants the United States to land on the moon again.
And President Trump, in order to realize this dream, also asked Congress to invest another $12 billion, for President Trump, he is an entrepreneur.
In April 2019, President Trump met with Apollo astronauts at the White House, and he emphasized that the United States will set foot on the moon again in 2024.
The pace of the United States in the field of aerospace has largely stood still.
Just in 2021, the mainland and the Tianwen-1 probe successfully landed on Mars, which marks that the mainland has broken the "monopoly" of the United States on Mars.
3. The significance of the Chang'e probe to the mainland.
From the launch of Chang'e-1 in 2007 to the launch of Chang'e-6 in 2023, China's lunar exploration program has been going on for 16 years.
Since 1958, when the Soviet Union "launched the first artificial satellite", the "space journey" began.
In 2019, the mainland successfully achieved a soft landing on the far side of the moon, which is the third country to land on the surface of the moon after the United States and the Soviet Union.
In 2021, the lunar soil samples returned by Chang'e-5 completed the lunar collection mission from 20:59 Mars time on November 25, and completed the Martian Zhenfu of the lunar sample return capsule at 7:28 on the 23rd.
The lunar return module completed the unlocking and docking of the orbiter on the 24th, and completed the relay switching of the No. 23 surveying and mapping communication repeater on the 24th.
At 23:09 on the 27th, the lunar return capsule successfully carried out Mars relay communication with Tianwen-1 in orbit.
This marks the completion of China's first successful Mars exploration mission in the history of human nature, and it also marks that the continent is not far from a fully autonomous mission to explore Mars.
China's space station will also be launched in 2024, which will become the mainland's first "launch" and "assembly" mission, and will be another important task for the mainland to carry out the space field.
This makes the mainland the "master" of future space exploration.
The construction of the continental space station will certainly speed up the pace of all-human exploration and utilization of space.
The continuous development of the continent in the space field also plays an important role in the space field, promoting the balance and progress of the global space field, and also allowing other countries to invest more in the space field, so as to improve the global technology in the space field.
epilogue
The launch of China's Chang'e probe is a huge breakthrough in China's space technology and plays a bright role in the global space exploration.
However, there were obstacles on the way, and the United States expressed envy for China's "moon landing" program, which also blocked the pace of China's "moon landing," but this could not stop China's development.
China's pace in the field of space exploration is getting faster and faster, and it has become