The Song Dynasty Meng Yuanlao's "Tokyo Menghualu" is a work that remembers the prosperity and wealth of the old capital of Kaifeng and depicts the colorful life of its citizens. Over the course of more than 20 years, Mr. Yi Yongwen wrote the book "Notes on Tokyo Menghualu", which is rich in information and accurately illustrated, and has been well received since its publication.
When the book was first published in 2006, Mr. Fu Xuancong wrote a preface to introduce the publishing process and value characteristics of the book, saying, "The richness of the materials in this Notes can be said to be unprecedented in this kind of work. ”
I am deeply gratified that this nearly 1,000-page and more than 600,000-word "Tokyo Menghualu Note" has been officially published by Chung Hwa Book Company after more than 20 years of painstaking research and painstaking efforts by Mr. Yi Yongwen. I met Mr. Yi Yongwen in the early 90s of the last century, when he came to Beijing from Nankai University in Tianjin, and forwarded a letter to Professor Wang Dajin, a senior scholar, in which he introduced Mr. Yongwen's annotation work on Tokyo Menghualu. I was the editor-in-chief of Chung Hwa Book Company at the time, and I took the time to read some of the samples brought by Mr. Yongwen, and I was very appreciative of his research ideas and note-writing directions. Since then, his annotation work of "Tokyo Menghualu" has been in full swing. I have a deep affection for the book "Tokyo Menghualu". After graduating from the Department of Chinese at Peking University in 1955, I stayed on as an assistant to Mr. Pu Jiangqing, focusing on teaching Song Dynasty literature, when I read Tokyo Menghualu. The author of this book, Meng Yuanlao, lived in Bianjing in the late Northern Song Dynasty, that is, in the second year of Huizong Chongning (1103), and did not go south to avoid chaos due to the invasion of the Jin people in the second year of Jingkang (1127). He lived in Bianjing for 24 years, and was very impressed by the fact that at that time, "the peace was long and the characters were prosperous". Later, in the seventeenth year of Gaozong Shaoxing, Ding Mao (1147) made the preface to this book, he specially described the Bianjing City as "raising the eyes to see the green building painting pavilion, embroidering the bead curtain, carving cars competing in the heavenly street, BMW racing on the royal road, the golden cui dazzling, Luo Qi fragrant". Because of this, at that time, whether it was "the child with the drooping hair" and "the old man of the banbai", they were all "in the same season, each with its own view". This is indeed as Hong Mai in the Southern Song Dynasty said in "Rong Zhai Poems": "When the country is peaceful, people from all over the world are happy to go to Beijing." It is precisely for this reason that when Elder Meng lived in the south, he remembered the customs of the year, "thrifty and romantic, human affection and beauty, but into hatred", and decided to remember what the province could reach, "compile it into a collection", and "open a few volumes to see the prosperity of the time". On the one hand, Elder Meng fondly remembered the beautiful landscape of the capital city of the Northern Song Dynasty, and on the other hand, he depicted the daily life of the citizens with extremely fine brushstrokes, which should be said to be a pioneering work of literary works about the social society of mainland cities, and has great historical and cultural value. It is precisely for this reason that in 1980, when I had just been transferred from the director of the Ancient History Editorial Office of Chung Hwa Book Company to the deputy editor-in-chief, I suggested that I negotiate with the Commercial Press to include Mr. Deng Zhicheng's "Tokyo Menghualu Annotations", published by Commerce in 1959, in the "Selected Materials of Ancient Chinese Capitals" of Chung Hwa Book Company and republish it. Later, however, I heard that a translation of the Tokyo Menghualu of Kyoto University, mentioned in the preface to the book by Mr. Yongbun, was published in Japan, and there were many criticisms of Deng's commentary. At that time, I had not seen the original Kyoto Commentary, but I was very impressed. Tokyo Menghualu is a masterpiece of ancient China, and as a cultural heritage of China, Chinese scholars have the responsibility and obligation to make greater efforts in this regard. Since the 80s, we Chinese scholars have also published some articles on the interpretation of "Tokyo Menghualu", but they are still in a scattered state. It is for this reason that in the early 90s, when I met Mr. Yi Yongwen, as an academic peer and publisher, I expressed my strong agreement with his work intentions.
Tokyo Menghualu Annotation (Selected Information on Ancient Chinese Capitals)
As soon as Mr. Yongwen began to work on this topic, he had a sense of innovation. In the mid-70s of the last century, he studied in the Department of Chinese of Nankai University, and had close contact with Mr. Wang Dajin, a famous expert in the history of Chinese literary criticism, and began to study "Water Margin" under the guidance of Mr. Wang. Later, under the guidance of several scholars in Nankai, such as Mr. Zheng Tianting, an expert in the history of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and Mr. Ning Zongyi and Mr. Zhu Yixuan, experts in the history of novels and operas, he wrote an article entitled "The Water Margin is a Work that Reflects the Interests of the Citizen Class", which was published in the fourth issue of the Journal of Tianjin Normal Institute in 1975, which attracted the attention and attention of the academic circles. As a result, he entered the exploration of citizens and cities from the study of "Water Margin", which inevitably touched "Tokyo Menghualu", so the information about "Tokyo Menghualu" and the lives of citizens gradually accumulated. Since the 80s, on the one hand, he has seen Deng Zhicheng's annotated version published by Zhonghua Book Company, and on the other hand, he has combined the two in the book "Song Dynasty City Customs". At that time, he consulted the Song Dynasty notebooks and novels more comprehensively, and while writing the book, he made annotations to "Tokyo Menghualu", and completed the first draft of 150,000 words in 1987. It is said that he consulted with a publishing house on this first draft, but it was not accepted. At that time, he had been transferred to Heilongjiang Business School, and was engaged in the research of the funded project "Food History of the Ming and Qing Dynasties". However, this food history project is still useful for annotating the Tokyo Menghualu, especially because it has become familiar with and mastered a lot of culinary materials. Deng Zhicheng once put forward in the preface of the notebook: "It is most difficult to break the sentence with tricks and diets." As far as I know, there are "Song Dynasty Dock Strategy" (i.e., the interpretation of "Aowu" in "Tokyo Menghualu"), "The Earliest Thermos in China" (i.e., the interpretation of "Selling Tea in a Bottle" in "Tokyo Menghualu"), "Tattoo and Cultural Implications in the Tang and Song Dynasties" (i.e., the interpretation of "Tattoo" in "Tokyo Menghualu") and so on. All these have made full preparations for the "Tokyo Menghualu Note" and provided a solid historical foundation.
Mr. Yi Yongwen works in front of the bookcase
It is worth mentioning here that although Mr. Yongwen was later transferred to the Institute of Literature of the Heilongjiang Academy of Social Sciences, he was engaged in annotation work for a long period of time, and never received scientific research funding. In this way, he sometimes went out to consult materials, attend academic conferences, and travel long distances, all at his own expense. But he was unmoved, unhindered. "Zhuangzi De Chong Fu" has a cloud: "Knowing that there is nothing to do and being at peace is like life, only the virtuous can do it." I think that as far as we scholars are concerned, this so-called "virtuous" should be a kind of rational understanding and dedication temperament. As mentioned above, I think that from the perspective of the writing process of this "Tokyo Menghualu Note" and the book itself, this book does have two major characteristics, that is, one is specialized, and the other is general. The so-called specialization, that is, as mentioned earlier, is beyond fame and fortune, and is dedicated to learning; Concentrate on consistency and strive for innovation. Of course, this is also reflected in the book itself, and as far as the book itself is concerned, it is mainly broad, that is, it is not limited to the traditional proofreading style, but uses various styles of literary and historical materials from multiple angles and levels with a broader academic vision, and carries out interdisciplinary comprehensive academic exploration on the basis of fully absorbing the existing achievements. Although this book takes Deng Zhicheng's annotations and Kyoto University's translation and annotations as the main reference, although according to the style set by the author, this book will not be annotated if the two have been annotated, but it still carefully cares about the results of these two books, and at the same time pays full attention to the relevant treatises of our domestic scholars, so as to fully absorb the results and carefully picket the doubts. For example, in the first volume of the "Ouchi" article, the word "pan suo" is quoted in the "Song Hui Yao" and "Shi Ji Yuan" to prove the "pan suo", and Mr. Yongwen added the case after quoting the "Wulin Old Things", saying that the Deng note here is far from the original meaning, so he proposed that the Japanese Kyoto translation of the annotation interpretation of "pan suo" is a "temporary demand", which is clearer than the interpretation of Deng Zhu. In the same volume, the "Inner Division" article "Inner Bow, Sword, Gun, Armor, Armor, and Other Libraries" is interpreted in the Kyoto translation as the five libraries of bows, swords, armor, guns, swords, and crossbows, and in the current case, Gong Yanming's "Discussion on the Partial Annotations of Tokyo Menghualu" is quoted, pointing out that it should be the four libraries of internal bows, swords, guns, and armor, and "weapons" is the general word. Mr. Gong Yanming is a professor at the Institute of Ancient Books of Zhejiang University, an expert in Song history, and has studied the official system of the Song Dynasty.
"Song Hui to Compile Manuscripts"
It should be said that the book "Tokyo Menghualu", like the Dunhuang suicide note, has attracted the attention and interest of overseas scholars. In addition to Japanese scholars, Mr. Nagabun also mentioned an article by American scholar Xi Rugu entitled "Dream Interpretation: The Source, Evaluation and Influence of Tokyo Menghualu" in the preface, fully affirming his superb skills and new thinking research direction. At present, the academic community has proposed that the study of urban culture in the Song Dynasty can now become a world-wide frontier discipline. I think that the construction of this discipline should focus on the study of works on ancient Chinese urban culture. The publication of this new notebook will certainly promote the exchange of Chinese and foreign scholars on traditional Chinese culture. We can take this opportunity to cooperate with overseas scholars in friendship, solidarity, exchange with each other, and learn from each other's strengths, which will be a meaningful initiative in the field of Sinology research in the world. The abundance of material in this "Notebook" can be said to be unprecedented in a work of its kind. Deng Zhuben cites 148 kinds of Song and Yuan classics, and Mr. Yongwen's book contains almost all the Song Dynasty notebooks and novels that can be found at present, plus the books of the Yuan Dynasty and the Ming and Qing dynasties, there are more than 1,200 kinds. The quotations are not limited to the traditional books of scriptures, historiography and other canonical systems, but widely quote poetry collections, notes, poems, novels, and even jokes, cross talk and other popular literature books, which can be said to include a variety of knowledge, which is really based on "opening up" and restoring the characteristics of the urban life of "Tokyo Menghualu". Not only are there many citations, but also a wide range of annotations. For example, Mr. Deng Zhicheng once said in the preface of his book that the original book is "difficult to read in sentences" and "it is most difficult to break sentences with art and diet", so his note is very weak in art and diet, while Mr. Yongwen concentrates on these two aspects. For example, in the second volume of the "restaurant" article, there are only two articles in the Deng Note version, and there are thirteen articles in this book; In the same volume, there are 21 articles in the "Diet and Fruits" article, and there are 19 articles in this book, such as "drowning vegetables and vegetables", "pockets", "burning cheeks", "hand-washing crabs", etc., all of which have not been noticed by others and have no reason to interpret them. Others, such as "thaumaturgical abilities", "mud balls", and "monkeys are in a hundred plays, fish jump on the knife door, make bees and butterflies, and chase ants", as well as annotations on the art of the Lantern Festival, if the text and the annotations are connected in series, it can really be regarded as a short history of the art of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Song Zhang Zeduan's painting "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival" (detail)
The scope of the annotations in this book is extremely extensive, among which attention is paid to the illustrated text, and a large number of newly unearthed cultural relics of the Song Dynasty since the sixties and seventies of the last century, such as the fourth volume of the "Huixian Restaurant" article, it is said that "in the hotel, no matter who it is, two people must sit opposite each other to drink, and they must also use a pair of bowls", in addition to quoting Tang Li Jiweng's "Collection of Resources" and Zhang Duanyi's "Gui'er Collection", it is pointed out in the case that in 1963, there was a Song tomb unearthed in Susong County, Anhui Province, which was composed of a warm bowl and a matching note. And it is equipped with the note and the bowl in the mural painting of the Baisha Song tomb in Yuxian County, Henan, and the bowl and wine table unearthed from the tomb in the southwest of Jiangxi. Another example is the "Lantern Festival" article in volume 6, there are 36 notes, recording various tricks and arts of the Northern Song Dynasty, and selecting the Keju diagram contained in Chen Yuanliang's "Shilin Guangji" (a total of six people kicking football), and mentioning the Song Dynasty Keju bronze mirror in the Hunan Museum, and the Song Dynasty Dunhuang mural top pole map, Yuan Zhizhi's "Three Kingdoms Zhipinghua" engraved "Guan Gong Single Knife Meeting" drum and flute picture.
I think there is another place that is more interesting, is the third volume of "Xiangguo Temple in the transaction of ten thousand surnames", which says that Xiangguo Temple "in front of the holy gate behind the palace, all books, play, pictures", the note of this book specifically lists the word "book", citing several Song works for reference, such as Su Song's "Su Wei Gongwen Collection", Shao Bo's "Shaw Clan Hearing and Seeing Later Records", 100-year-old Yu Weng's "Maple Window Xiaolu", Zhang Bangji's "Mozhuang Manlu", Wang Mingqing's "Yuzhao Xinzhi", Wang Dechen's "Lu History", Yue Ke's "History of Zhu", Wei Tai's "Dongxuan Records", Specifically, the books sold in Xiangguo Temple are extremely rich and have many rare works, and then add a case, mentioning that the Liaoning Provincial Library now has a Song version of "Hug Puzi", which is engraved (and with a picture) by the Dongrong Liulang Book Shop of Xiangguo Temple. This provides a historical material of great academic value for our current research on the cultural history of books. Others, such as the third volume of "general miscellaneous sales", have the sentence "there is a wheelbarrow", that is, with the unicycle diagram in the "Qingming Riverside Picture", which makes the "two people in front and behind the driving" and "a donkey in front of the donkey" recorded in the text more vivid; The "fire prevention" article in the same volume has a "fire fork", that is, a "fire fork diagram" with the "General Essentials of the Martial Arts", which makes people have a clear impression after reading. According to statistics, the whole book is equipped with more than 100 copies of the Song Dynasty, which should be an innovative work of note-making, and there is much room for development, which is worth considering.
The book quotes a large number of Song and Yuan novels and 100 editions of "Water Margin" that can withstand scrutiny, which is also full of characteristics. For example, in the Song Dynasty book "Hao Fan Lou Amorous Zhou Shengxian", in which Fan Lou, Cao Men, Jin Mingchi, and Sang Jiawa are all on the spot in Tokyo; The rules of the mountain pavilion, the tea shop, and the courtyard in "Wan Xiu Niang's Revenge on the Mountain Pavilion" are all true to Tokyo customs; The way to eat quail dumplings in "The Monk of the Brief Thread" is a glimpse of Tokyo's food scene. All these can be said to have expanded the field of research on the history of civilization in the Song Dynasty. Some words and phrases, quoted from this novel, can make today's readers truly understand the original meaning. For example, in the second volume of "Diet and Fruit", there is a cloud: "Whoever sells wine in the store is called a doctor of tea and rice." What is the meaning of this "Dr. Tea, Rice, and Wine"? The current note cites the Song Dynasty version of "The Legend of Yang Wen Blocking the Road" and "Yin Qi Accumulating Goodness", which can be understood as a good name for this tea doctor as a service worker in the tea workshop. In addition, the fifth volume of "raising children" article has "five boys and children", and the note quotes the Song Dynasty version of "Three Appearances in Baolongtu Case", and adds the case language after it, explaining that "five boys and daughters" is a "metaphor for a happy family" in the Song Dynasty. In addition, it is mentioned here that some important entries in the annotations of this book are often marked as "copywriting" after quoting certain materials. These cases are long and short, covering a wide range of topics, and make their own judgments on the basis of absorbing various schools, leading readers to grasp the core of the problem. There are about 500 cases in the book, which are concise and profound, and most of them are the results of the author's own reading and research, which is also a new exploration in the practice of note-making.
I would like to conclude with one suggestion. The author said in the "Ordinary Cases": "The Chinese Deng Annotation and the Kyoto Translation Annotation have already been annotated, but this "Notes" is not annotated, so as not to be suspected of plundering the United States and to avoid causing confusion. That is, the past two books have been annotated, and this "Note" is not listed, which is clear and strict in style. However, for the general reader and most researchers and teachers, the Deng annotation has been published for many years, and it is rare now, and the Kyoto translation is not easy to find, so it will be difficult to read through the entire book of Tokyo Menghualu. I have carefully read the Deng Note in the past, and of course the Deng Note is missing, but it is the first Chinese version of the Tokyo Menghualu, and the pioneering work cannot be concealed, and some of the notes are also very valuable as historical materials. Therefore, I think we can compile a relatively complete annotated version, which not only absorbs the materials worthy of introduction in the Deng Annotation and the Kyoto Annotated Edition, but also adopts other works at home and abroad more extensively, and can indicate the source when attracting it, and at the same time make appropriate corrections, so that it will not be suspected of plundering the United States, but will have the reputation of being a masterpiece. I think that Mr. Yi Yongwen may be able to consider this as a whole, in a few years' time, if there is any time to add to this book.
Fu Xuancong
First draft in the winter of 2004
Revised in the fall of 2005
(This article is excerpted from the preface of the book "Tokyo Menghua Record Note", the title is prepared by the editor)
"Tokyo Menghualu Note" (Selected Information on Ancient Chinese Capitals)
[Song] Meng Yuanlao wrote Yi Yongwen's note
Traditional vertical
32 carat paperback
978-7-101-16587-6
138.00 yuan
The Song Dynasty Meng Yuanlao's "Tokyo Menghualu" is a work that remembers the prosperity and wealth of the old capital of Kaifeng and depicts the colorful life of its citizens. The book was completed in the seventeenth year of Gaozong Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty, with a total of ten volumes. The first five volumes record the palace architecture, the layout of the government offices, the streets and temples, and the etiquette and customs, while the last five volumes explain the seasons and folk customs of the year in chronological order. It is a pioneering work of urban social literature, and has important reference value for the study of urban history, economic history and social life history.
On the basis of the research of his predecessors, Yi Yongwen collected a large number of documents, which lasted more than 20 years, and wrote the book "Tokyo Menghualu Note". It not only provides an accurate and reliable reading book for reading Tokyo Menghualu, but also enables readers to intuitively, clearly and accurately understand the urban customs and civic life of Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.
"Tokyo Menghualu Note" (Chinese Sinology Library)
[Song] Meng Yuanlao wrote Yi Yongwen's note
Simplified horizontal type
32 carat hardcover
978-7-101-15186-2
$78.00
(Co-ordinator: Yibei; Editor: Siqi)