"Look, behind me is the Yuncheng Museum, the overall image is oval, the architectural design takes the meaning of Taiji, the momentum of the nebula, the shape of the cradle, it seems to be rooted in the Loess Plateau of the old tree roots, but also the 'cradle of Chinese civilization' location, here to find the origin of Chinese civilization, will touch the endless Chinese context, feel the vicissitudes of history up and down for more than 5,000 years."
There is still an hour before the simulcast, Wang Daqi, director of the Yuncheng Museum, and Zhao Furong, the commentator, discussed seriously, and repeatedly studied the "route" of the simulcast, the treasure of the town museum, the must-see of the collection, and the "conspicuous bag" of the museum's cultural relics, hoping that through this simulcast, more netizens will "cloud" view the museum, feel the essence of the collection at close range, and let the "national treasure" prove civilization through the Neolithic painted pottery pot, and explore the "civilization gestation" of "10,000 years of cultural history".
▲Curator Wang Daqi and docent Zhao Furong
Lead netizens to "cloud" view the Yuncheng Museum
Walk into the Yuncheng Museum and find the roots of civilization. At about 10 o'clock in the morning, Wang Daqi stood in the Yuncheng Museum, leading netizens to start a dialogue across time, space and history, decoding Yunbo, and exploring the development of Chinese civilization. The narrator Zhao Furong interacted with netizens cordially, and under her eloquent narration, netizens felt as if they were in the scene, touching the civilization, culture and the glory of those cultural relics bred by the "great river flowing eastward", attracting millions + netizens to watch and praise.
Decoding a museum
Explore the cultivation and development of Chinese civilization
Yuncheng, known as "Hedong" in ancient times, is one of the important birthplaces of the 5,000-year-old civilization of the Chinese nation. Wang Daqi introduced that the Yuncheng Museum, as a concentrated display place for the history and culture of the region, tells the history of Chinese ancestral culture, from the fossil of the "Century Dawn Ape" 45 million years ago, to the ancient legends such as "Shunge South Wind", "Ancestor Silkworm Raising" and "Yu Chisel Dragon Gate", and then to the history of the exploitation and utilization of the salt lake by the Chinese ancestors for more than 4,600 years...... A visit to the Yuncheng Museum is like starting a journey to feel the origin of mankind and the early history of Chinese civilization.
The basic display of Yuncheng Museum is based on the theme of "East of the Great River", which is based on the special geographical location of Yuncheng, rich cultural relics resources and heavy cultural history. It is composed of 6 historical thematic exhibitions, including Chinese roots, treasures from the museum's collection, spring and autumn of salt, outstanding people of the earth, civil engineering Huazhang, and Tiaoshan Fengyun. The collection resources have distinctive characteristics, unique value and distinct regionality.
"In Yuncheng, grabbing a handful of soil can bring out the milk of civilization!" This is a sentence that every Yuncheng person is proud of, and it also highlights the important position of Yuncheng in the origin of mankind and the development of Chinese civilization. Netizens listened to Zhao Furong's explanation and left messages and calls.
Wang Daqi and Zhao Furong focused on promoting the "treasure of the town hall" - Neolithic painted pottery pots.
▲Dongzhuang type faience pot
Courtesy of Yuncheng Museum
Zhao Furong introduced that the Neolithic Age generally refers to the stage of 12,000-4,000 years ago. At present, the earliest Neolithic cultural site found in Yuncheng is the first phase of the Dongguan site of the ancient city of Yuanqu, which is called the "pre-Yangshao cultural stage" in the academic circles, about 6400-7000 years ago.
Although this faience pot is small, it has a pivotal "status". Unearthed in the early Yangshao culture of Yuncheng representative site - Ruicheng Dongzhuang site, about 6200 years ago, is a typical artifact of the Dongzhuang type. Folded edges, curled lips, corseted neck, round belly, bottom of the abdomen retracted, round bottom, clay red pottery. The body of the vessel is made of brown-red pottery clothes as the background color, and the triangular geometric patterns are painted in black, forming a rhythmic, graceful and smooth decoration. As the center of view shifts, there will be changes in the diamond grid, the "m" grid, and the swirl pattern. The contrast between the black and brown-red colors on the faience complements each other, breaking through the symmetrical pattern format and reflecting the artistic imagination and aesthetic taste of the potter.
▲The exhibition hall of Yuncheng Museum
Photo by Shanxi Evening News reporter Sun Jiasen
How is such a beautiful faience made? Zhao Furong asked questions to netizens and gave professional answers. Faience is first made of red and black mineral materials and white clay, and then painted on the pottery body to form a beautiful pattern. These painted clay blanks are roasted in a kiln at a high temperature (900°C), cooled, and then wiped with soft grass or coarse cloth to create a gorgeous effect. The fire-burned paintings do not fall off, they have been sleeping in the ground for thousands of years, and they are still as beautiful as new when they are unearthed.
The representative site of the middle period of Yangshao culture in Yuncheng is the Xiyin site in Xia County. In February 1926, Mr. Li Ji, then an anthropology teacher at the Institute of Chinese Studies of Tsinghua University, and Mr. Yuan Fuli of the China Geological Survey visited Jinnan and found a large area of prehistoric pottery shards everywhere in Xiyin Village.
▲The exhibition hall of Yuncheng Museum
Photo by Shanxi Evening News reporter Sun Jiasen
In October of that year, Mr. Li Ji presided over the archaeological excavation. The excavation of the Xiyin Village site is the first field archaeological excavation independently conducted by the Chinese, and Mr. Li Ji is also known as the "father of Chinese archaeology". Among them, the first excavation result of the Xiyin Village site that attracted the attention of the world was the unearthed "half of the artificially cut silkworm cocoon specimen".
The era of the site of Xiyin Village (temple ditch type) is about 6,000 years ago, which belongs to the legendary Yellow Emperor period, which can't help but remind netizens of the ancient legend of "the ancestor raised silkworms and reeled silk". Later, new archaeological discoveries related to silkworms were discovered in the surrounding areas of Xiyin, which shows that Jinnan was an important birthplace for Chinese ancestors to cultivate mulberry and silkworms.
The second excavation result of the Xiyin Village site that attracted the world's attention was the faience ornamentation. The excavation of the site of Xiyin Village has shaken Andersen's claim that the faience culture originated in the West. Through the study of the excavation materials of the Xiyin Village site, Mr. Li Ji believes that "China has a culture before the written history, which is an inherent culture".
Walking in the Yuncheng Museum, a fire ignites the light of civilization; A pool of salt, prosperous city east of the river; A city, a group of people to protect the source of China. In the one-hour simulcast, netizens were immersed in the "cloud tour" of the Yuncheng Museum, and some netizens called "shopping is not enjoyable", Wang Daqi and Zhao Furong warmly invited everyone to "be sure to go to Yuncheng and check in the museum on the spot." ”
▲ faience pot Yangshao mid-period
The ruins of Xiyin Village, Xia County, Yuncheng City were unearthed
Collection of Yuncheng Museum
Courtesy of Yuncheng Museum
Invited Expert: Xie Yaoting, Professor, School of Archaeology, Culture and Museums, Shanxi University, Doctoral Supervisor.
▲Professor Xie Yaoting
The origin and development of Chinese civilization is a phased process
"From the origin of civilization to the formation of civilization, it has a process." As a well-known expert in the field of culture and museums in Shanxi, Professor Xie Yaoting has presided over or participated in a number of field archaeological excavation projects, and has won many honors such as "Top Ten New Archaeological Discoveries in China". In his view, the exploration of the origin of Chinese civilization is a process in itself, which is full of challenges and fun. In particular, the Jinnan region is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization and has made historic contributions to the development of Chinese civilization.
Talking about the theme of "Civilization Breeding" in "10,000 Years of Cultural History", Professor Xie Yaoting first started from the geographical location. He said that Shanxi is located in the Central Plains and the north of the hub area, according to the literature here is the region of Jizhou, since ancient times is the intersection and integration of ethnic and cultural places, known as the "mountains and rivers in the surface", the special geography, climate and soil and other natural environment and the developed human environment since ancient times, gave birth to the ancient and splendid civilization genes, in the origin and formation of a pluralistic civilization has made a unique contribution.
Moreover, from the perspective of natural resources, the development and utilization of salt and copper ore have irreplaceable natural advantages in the origin and formation of civilization. According to documentary records and archaeological discoveries, as early as 5,000 years ago, the salt pond has been developed and utilized, coupled with the development of silkworm reeling and dry farming, the southern Jinnan region as the core area of China took the lead in entering the ranks of civilization.
The origin of Chinese civilization can be traced back to more than 6,000 years ago, or even earlier, jade, painted pottery, ancient writing, large-scale buildings, ancient rituals, sacrifices, family organizations and other discoveries at both the material level and the spiritual level, these factors show that the origin of Chinese civilization can be traced back to an earlier era. Talking about Shanxi's contribution to Chinese civilization, Professor Xie Yaoting said that from writing, ancient cities, observation and timing, agriculture, salt industry, to metallurgy, silk weaving, and ritual music system, these important historical evidence has witnessed Shanxi's contribution to the development of Chinese civilization.
▲Yuncheng Museum at night