The right is to meet the back of the character turtle crane birthday and spend money
Wang Xianlong
What is as fascinating as a flower in the world? That's one of China's ancient coins – spending money. There are many varieties of money, such as: town treasury money, furnace money, carving mother money, palace money, reward money, birthday money, auspicious money, ornament money, letter money (as a voucher or credit coins or money-shaped castings), Xingle money, Shangliang money, temple money, etc. There are also many types of money, such as: money, zodiac religion, auspicious patterns, horse money, chess, money, game money, temple money, chips, substitute coins, hollows, special-shaped hanging, mechanism coins, silver hand-carved money, secret money, neighboring money, etc. To a certain extent, it can be said that all kinds of commemorative coins and medals newly minted in the modern mainland are the inheritance and innovation of the ancient art of spending money.
Spending money is a special variety in the ancient coinage of the mainland, it has the form of money, and is not used for general circulation, it is the most beautiful material material that inherits the thousand-year-old Chinese civilization. Spending money is also called disgust (yā) to win money (pressure to win money, bet to win money). Because most of these money have patterns and patterns, they are commonly known as "spending money". Since most of the money spent is for collectors to enjoy, it is also called "playing money". There are many paintings of people, animals, flowers and other paintings on this coinage, so it is also called "painting money". Japanese numismatic collectors call it "picture money" (picture books are now also spoken of in schools). And because this kind of coin is often minted with auspicious words, it is also called "auspicious money". However, people still often refer to it as "spending money". Although spending money in history is not a genuine item and cannot be regarded as "currency", people often refer to it as "cultural relics" and "ancient artworks". Carefully examine the past dynasties to spend money, a variety of calligraphy is available, the pattern is rich in content, involving history, geography, religion, mythology, customs, folk feelings, culture, entertainment, calligraphy, art, crafts, sex education and other aspects, in-depth research, there is a lot of knowledge.
What is the most humanistic, intellectual, instrumental, and educational aspect of spending money? That's how to spend money on birthdays. Spending money on birthday celebrations is among the best in promoting the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation. The amount of Chinese birthday money is less, the variety is not much, the content of the coin is quite varied, the subject matter is diverse, and the artistic expression is very strong, which is indeed well deserved in promoting the return of the excellent traditional cultural value of the traditional folk culture concept.
In ancient times, most of the birthday celebrations were worn in auspicious words or squares, and the good wishes of looking forward to the full house of children and grandchildren and longevity and happiness. Such as: Tsubaki pine longevity (Tsubaki pine: two kinds of long-lived trees), turtle age crane longevity, turtle crane Qi longevity, Fu longevity, long live, pine and cypress Tsubaki, longevity with the sun and moon, long hair (chánɡfā) its auspicious, longevity 100 years old, blessing such as the East China Sea, longevity than Nanshan, longevity and wealth, gold and jade, many sons and grandchildren, happiness and longevity, ten thousand years of glory, melon (dié) Mianmian (瓞: small melon; Mianmian: The appearance of continuity. It's like a continuous vine with many melons of all sizes. Quoted as a blessing to the prosperity of the descendants), Xiong Zhen Ye (xié) Ji [Xiong, 罴: In ancient times, it was believed that bears and 罴 were yang animals. Refers to a boy, meaning many children and many grandchildren. Ye Ji (xiéjí), and Xie's auspiciousness], Wei Xiong Wei Zhen, Fu Shou Kangning, Crane and Deer Tongchun, Precious and auspicious, prolong life, Nian Nian Ruyi, Sui Sui Ping, Fu Lu Shouxi, Ronghua Fugui, Guizi Lansun, Gui Ling Crane (suàn: count), Thousand Xiang Yunji, Baifu 骈臻 (pián zhēn: and to, together with the arrival), Wan Fu Yu (yōu: na; So) the same, Bailu is the lotus (hè: negative; Withstand; Courtesy) and so on.
Because I like to spend money that is more beautiful than flowers, I once bought a birthday money at the door of the old post office. Gong Shiyuan's editor-in-chief Harbin Map Publishing House's "Atlas of Chinese Spending Money" named this money as "Right Fu Yu Xingguan Figure" to spend money, I think it is more appropriate to call it "Right Fu Yu Back Character Turtle and Crane Birthday Celebration".
This money was created in the Northern Song Dynasty. Song Zhenzong said that "the gods of heaven descended" and Xingdao. Huizong even regarded himself as the "Taoist leader". Therefore, during the Northern Song Dynasty, people respected Taoism. This birthday celebration money, whether it is the content of the money or the picture on the back, has the connotation of the immortal bones in it. However, if you look closely at this money, it can be judged to be a high imitation of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.
Appreciate the money, generally from its pit and three phases of a material, no matter what, today will spend this money to take pictures of the appearance, look at the Fang family appreciation, for its approximate era, good or bad, can also be benevolent and wise.
The first acquaintance with the book. A closer look can be seen that the face of this product "the right to meet, respect the noble day, I would like to dedicate it, that is, I wish Chun Song the longevity of the year, hope to accommodate, I would like to dedicate." A total of 25 Chinese characters, regular script style, vertical vertical reading, its character glyph is larger, the layout is coordinated, the strokes are horizontal and vertical, cleverly adhesive, very clear. Judging from the book, the glyph is dignified, and it can feel a bit clumsy; Judging from the style of calligraphy, it has the characteristics of spending money in the Song Dynasty (unfortunately it is an imitation of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China). The whole body of the book is obviously influenced by Huizong's thin gold body, and there is also a little taste of Song style, between the seven-point thin gold body and the three-point Song style.
In the Qian text, "right Fu Yu" is a common head-up phrase in Taoism to invite the gods and spirits (also known as "right Fu Yi"). The right is respectful, in ancient times, the right side of the chariot and horse was where the warrior of the protector was located, and this place refers to the direction of the disciple's worship, and there is the meaning of respecting and protecting the saint. "Fu" means to bow down; "Encounter" refers to the following things to state (equivalent to the current colon), and there is also "treatment; Hospitality" means. Therefore, the ancient meaning of "Fu Yu (to)" is to use as a way for subordinates to report to superiors, to bow down (equivalent to honorifics such as "present"). Nowadays, it is the most used chapter table for Taoism. It is expressed as a kind of salute to the emperor and the gods by his subordinates or mortals, and begins with a volt, followed by the following content.
There are different interpretations of "zun ci", which literally means an honorific title for the mother (respectful loving mother), and if so, the nature of the money should be that the money was specially minted by the dignitary Jujia (ɡǔ) to commemorate the mother's birthday. Another explanation is to refer to gods in general. In this way, the nature of the coin can be inferred as a special coin specially minted by Taoism at the Shousheng Dojo Festival. When a text is delivered at a puja, it is accompanied by this money to communicate with the sacred. Its purpose is to worship the gods, not to be a commemorative coin minted for someone. The author prefers the former.
The meaning of "Tsubaki Song's longevity" in Qian Wen. "Tsubaki", "Zhuangzi Wandering": "In ancient times, there were great Tsubaki; Eight thousand years old as spring; Eight thousand years old is autumn. "Because of the longevity of the big chun, the ancients used it as a metaphor for the longevity of the elderly." Pine", the evergreen tree, the longevity is better than the old pine of Nanshan, which is a metaphor for the old man who is forever young like a green pine, and has a long life. "Tsubaki pine" is the Tsubaki tree and the pine tree, the ancients believed that the two longest-lived trees, metaphor for longevity, are looking forward to wishing the elderly a long life and good health. Song Dynasty female lyricist, representative of the Graceful Words School, known as "the first talented woman in the ages" Yi'an Jushi Li Qingzhao "Longevity Le Nanchang Birthday" words: "A slight cold should wait." Looking at the six leaves on the side of the sun, the first show of the step (蓂荚mínɡ jiá). Love Jing wants to hang Fusang, leak the remnant silver arrow, 杓 (biāo) back swing bucket (dǒu). Qing Gao Hong (hónɡ) At this time, a pearl is cut in the palm of his hand. There is a good look, and it is a good couple. To this day, the day is full of nobles. Glory, Wenbu Forbidden City, one by one gold medals and green ribbons. It is more worth Tang Tang (dì) even yin, tiger charm Xiong Shi, and the river is guarded. The situation is close at hand, and after the morning and twilight heavy (zhònɡ) enters the Chengming Dynasty. Look at the colorful clothes to compete, Lan shame jade (zhòu). I wish Qianling, referring to Songchun than longevity. This poem not only annotates the meaning of "Tsubaki Song" very well, but also explains the content of the picture and text on both sides of the back of this money, "this situation, this scene, this scene".
Looking back at its back, it is a group of two masters and servants with a pine, a star (the sun), a crane, and a turtle. An old woman wears a bucket with a high brim and a short brim, wide at the bottom and narrow at the top, with a double layer of forward protruding scarves (hats). There is also a round colored ball on the top of the hat (the head will shake at any time when you move or walk, and it is very smart). The old woman had kind eyebrows, a high nose and a round face, and her face was radiant and radiant. The chubby face shows the graceful and luxurious beauty, and the large plump and round earlobes show the natural ladylike blessing (a beautiful earring can be seen on the right earlobe). A beautiful earring can be seen on the right earlobe. She wears a crane (robe; The coat is ankle-length, with large sleeves hanging down to the ground, and a strap at the chest placket. The placket of the crane is paired with a collar in the middle coat, forming a good layer and matching effect, and it is an excellent outfit for leisure. The old woman sat on the Taishi's chair with a gentle expression. The right hand holds the dust whisk drooping, and the left hand is naturally placed on the end of the dust whisk handle. Sitting on the pine, on the upper left is the lush foliage of the green and tall old green pine. A crane flutters in front of her (meaning: the crane wishes a birthday, the pine crane prolongs the year, the pine crane is in the same spring, and the Zhijie is high). In front of the old man is a boy, with a scarf and hair tied up, facing the woman, holding a sword or a cane or a guqin, standing there upright and chic, obeying the call of the master at any time, and serving the dog and horse for longevity. In front of the old woman's knees, a spirit turtle looks up and looks at the sky, and freezes the posture of "Turtle Ginseng Beidou". In the whole picture, the three carriers of living things, animals, plants, and people, represent all living beings in the world, and they all come to congratulate the old woman on her birthday. In the upper right corner of the picture, there is a dot above the pine branch - star (sun), which symbolizes the sun and means "the height of longevity". The designer has thought of this, which shows its ingenuity and subtlety. This is exactly: "Whoever is Dongyang is thin, and he is condensed with paint." Yaolin finally separated itself from the wind and dust. Try to look at the crane, it is still an immortal. The province can clear the words and wave the jade dust, and the real must protect the whole truth. How romantic is Taoist. should not be with Shu guests, but love Zhuo Wenjun. "A natural, concise, simple, pure and lofty Taoist aesthetic image jumps in front of you, impressively, can be described as a stroke of genius. The richness of the meaning of this money is astonishing.
Sub-visual casting. The exhibition of this product, looking at the face, can be seen that its casting is regular, and the thin edge is round. It can be measured that it has a diameter of 59.5 mm, a round diameter of 10 mm, a thickness of 2 mm, and a weight of 38.6 grams. Its casting phase shows that it is square and round, flat and clean, and the wheel is clean. Looking at the character outline, the depth is straight and straight, and the drum is naturally convex. The back ornament is highly convex and the lines are clear, and the figures, stars (sun), animals and plants are still clearly recognizable despite many years. There is no need to go into detail, although it cannot be asserted that the official furnace is cast, but at least it is also the private furnace of the time (this imitation should be a private casting).
Look at the rust phase again. At a glance, it can be seen that this product is rusty and old, and it is from the dry pit cellar in the north or passed down from generation to generation. Thin rust thick pulp, rust color alternate, natural distribution, pulp mature, old skin, solid and not bad.
Look at the material. Looking at its yellowish material, it can be seen that it is a brass texture, and the copper color is even more ripe. Obviously, the identification of rust and pulp is obvious. This product has a long age, and the state of the elderly is distinct, which can be described as a rich and simple natural formation.
After some appreciation, several scrutinies, the positive and negative contents of this money are poured with the most extreme blessings. According to the aforementioned and the three phases of this product, especially the ornamental characteristics, it can be concluded that it is the Song Dynasty imitation of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and it can be more clear that it is the Song Dynasty's spending money, and the total amount remains are very small. Therefore, it is not hypocritical to say that this is a very collectible object, which describes and reflects the rare high imitation of the filial piety culture of the Song Dynasty. Its actual value is much more than that. This version of the proposition itself is rich in a lot of information elements, which can help us to deeply study and understand the customs and concepts of celebrating the mother's birthday (equivalent to the current birthday celebration of the old mother, Mother's Day), and the monetary and cultural value contained in it is even more immeasurable.
Marx's "Capital" said: "If capital has a profit of 50 percent, it will take risks; If it has 100 percent profits, it dares to trample on all the laws of the world." From ancient times to the present, as long as there is a collection, it must be accompanied by imitation and counterfeiting. The falsification of spending money has also been around for a long time and is deeply rooted. Therefore, when we collect and appreciate money, we must remove the false and keep the true, improve our own appreciation ability, and enrich our collection.
Not to mention the authenticity of this money, just as the spring world commonly says that "there is no truth or falsity in spending money". Although it is a high-imitation thing, the economic value is not too high, but its connotation has been inherited. It inherits the ancient Chinese culture of filial piety and filial piety. Respecting and loving the elderly is a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation. The ancients said, "Filial piety is the foundation of virtue." Since ancient times, Chinese have advocated filial piety and love for the elderly, carried forward the culture of filial piety and respect for the elderly, and advocated "filial piety, the scripture of heaven, the righteousness of the earth, and the deeds of the people". Filial piety is the foundation and source of all moral feelings, and the Chinese nation has always regarded filial piety as the first of virtue, the foundation of life, the treasure of the family, and the way to govern the country. The cultural and artistic value of this money is not inferior at all. There is a fault in spending money, there is no fault in culture, and the virtue of filial piety is always there. As an uncirculated piece of money, it doesn't matter whether it's true or not, but the traditional cultural knowledge it transmits is priceless and eternal. "The old and the old, the young and the young", respect for the elderly, love for the elderly, filial piety for the elderly, respect for the elderly, and the national religion, social education, family education, and preaching. Twenty-four filial piety, filial piety is greater than the sky.
This money, for the purpose of celebrating the birthday of the elderly, still has a certain positive role in the contemporary social tutoring and family style, and still has great practical significance. The family is the cornerstone of national development, national progress and social harmony. Whether a society is happy or not, it is very important to see whether the elderly are happy or not. As long as Cangjie's inspiration is not extinguished and the beautiful Chinese is not old, the centripetal force of the magnet-like family style and filial piety will live forever.
We Chinese, no matter how high the appearance is, but the nature in our bones loves money (although spending money cannot be spent as money, it is also a different kind of money). This money itself is auspicious and festive, coupled with the fact that it appears with the ideology of honoring the mother and wishing the old mother a long life, and has experienced the baptism of many years, which contains a deep respect for the old and love the old and filial piety and respect for the old Chinese national filial piety culture, so it is a collection of thousands of pets in one, collecting, wearing, appreciating, and reciting are all appropriate, precious! As spring friends often say: "Those who see are destined, those who receive are blessed, and those who understand are long-lived." ”
About author:Wang Xianlong, a plain teacher, is an ordinary cultivator.