After the founding of New China, the situation was not optimistic, and the Western countries led by the United States blockaded the mainland, and also led the "United Nations Army" to land at Inchon to fight, burning the beacon to the border between China and the DPRK, seriously threatening the border security of the mainland.
During the period of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea, more than 20,000 people were captured by the volunteers, and the highest level was Wu Chengde, acting political commissar and director of the Political Department of the 180th Division of the 60th Army of the 3rd Corps.
In 1912, Wu Chengde was born in a poor peasant family in Songwenzhuang, Xinjiang County, Shanxi Province.
In the thirties of the last century, Japan launched a war of aggression against the mainland, and the Chinese nation and the Chinese revolutionary cause had come to the brink of life and death.
In 1937, Wu Chengde abandoned his pen from Rong and came to Taiyuan, Shanxi, to participate in the Shanxi military and political training class led by the Communist Party of China, and officially joined the Communist Party of China in September, in 1939, Wu Chengde's Shanxi Provincial Political Security Team was reorganized into the 213 Brigade of the Shanxi New Army, Wu Chengde served as the instructor of the 3rd Battalion of the 57th Regiment, and led his troops to participate in the Hundred Regiment Battle, the Battle of Zhongtiao Mountain and other anti-sweeping battles.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Wu Chengde made persistent efforts, followed the troops to participate in the liberation of Taiyuan and other cities, and made certain contributions to the founding of the Republic, and on the eve of the founding of New China, Wu Chengde was transferred to the 60th Army as the political commissar of the 180th Division.
After the outbreak of the Korean War, Wu Chengde's unit was reorganized into the Chinese People's Volunteer Army, and was ordered to go to the Korean front, and in 1951, the 180th Division of the 60th Army of the Third Corps to which Wu Chengde belonged arrived on the battlefield, just as the Volunteer Army launched the fifth campaign, and Wu Chengde's army did not have time to rest, so it was thrown into battle.
With the advancement of the campaign, due to insufficient logistical support, the situation of our army was not very optimistic, Mr. Peng decided to let the troops return to the north of the 38th parallel for rest, and Wu Chengde led the 180th Division to cover the retreat of the main force.
Unexpectedly, the speed of the enemy's advance was very fast, the 180th Division was in the enemy's encirclement, and the encirclement was getting smaller and smaller, in order to avoid the danger of annihilation of the whole army, the 180th Division headquarters ordered to disperse and break through.
In the process of breaking through, Wu Chengde encountered a team of 300 wounded, and at this time, Wu Chengde actually shot his own war horse, saying:
"Comrades, I am with you!"
However, under the condition that the enemy intensified the contraction of the encirclement, it became very difficult to break through, and nearly 7,000 people of the 180th Division were captured.
Subsequently, Oh Sung-deok was sent to the Busan "war criminal" prison, where although the enemy coerced and lured him, he never betrayed his country and did not give up his belief in returning to the motherland.
In July 1953, the Korean Armistice Agreement was signed and came into effect, and the two sides began to exchange prisoners of war in batches.
In that era of radical ideology, the identity of "prisoners of war" was easily associated with "spies" and "traitors", and there was not much difference, so Wu Chengde, who returned to the country, did not have applause and flowers, but was arranged to the "Management Office of Returned Prisoners from Prisoners" in Changtu, Liaoning, nominally for recuperation, but in fact for review.
At this time, Wu Chengde had to face his identity as a "sinner", someone asked him to bear the responsibility for the defeat of the 180th Division, Wu Chengde said that he could not bear it, in this case, Wu Chengde's "inspection" never passed, under great pressure, Wu Chengde found Guo Tie, but the latter said:
"Only if you die in North Korea can you prove that you are not a traitor. ”
In June 1954, the higher authorities issued the results of the repatriation of Wu Chengde's batch of prisoners of war, and Wu Chengde was expelled from the party and military positions, and arranged to work in Dawa Farm in Panjin, Liaoning.
Since then, Wu Chengde has worked the farm to do his job, even if he was criticized during the "Cultural Revolution", but he survived.
In 1980, the central authorities issued the "Opinions on the Review and Handling of the Problem of Returned Personnel from Captured Volunteers" to re-examine the captured personnel of the Chinese People's Volunteers.
In March 1996, Wu Chengde died of illness at the age of 84, and old leaders such as Bo Yibo and Chai Zemin laid wreaths to him.