Introduction to the cliff carvings of the Drum Tower
Lu Meisong
Fujian has a long history and rich culture, and the text represented by the stone carvings of the three mountains in the city briefly records the history, culture and personnel activities of the ancient city. These stone books have become rare cultural relics and historical materials, which intuitively support the history of urban development, and vividly show the literary brilliance and calligraphy of the Fujian people and the Fujian scholars. In order to show the essence of stone carvings in the region, the cliff stone carvings of Wushi, Jiuxian, Yuewang and other mountains are specially selected, and their contents, characters and calligraphy are briefly introduced and tasted one by one, so as to help readers deeply understand the content and historical background of the inscriptions, revisit the past, appreciate calligraphy, know ancient sages, enhance the feelings of love for hometown and other places, and enhance cultural self-confidence and confidence in national rejuvenation.
For the cliff carvings in the mountains of the Drum Tower, the predecessors of literary and historical experts have done relevant surveys and statistics. This introduction aims to excavate the history behind the stone carvings and explain their connotations and implications, which I believe will be helpful for tourists when visiting these monuments.
Remember the lion rock Guo Zhiping inscription stone carving
Written by Panden
Lion Rock in front of Ao Peak
It is named after the male lion that resembles a squatting lion
Far away to the Five Tiger Mountains in the distance
According to the record of "Mindu Ji".
In the Ming Dynasty, Chen Ce, who participated in Fujian politics, once wrote poems
"Who dares to be the enemy of the five tiger heads"
Praise Lion Rock confronts Wuhu Mountain
Sit on this high point
It has the courage to defend the city of Fuzhou
Lion Rock to the west, there are square cliff carvings, 50 centimeters high, 84 centimeters wide. Regular script, 8 lines long, 7 cm in diameter. The text said: "On December 27, the seventh year of Jiajing, Fujian according to the deputy envoy Wan'an Guo Chiping, Kaihua Fang Hao, and Xiaoshan Zhixian Min Guobo came to climb in the rain, and descended from the Nine Immortals, which was very suitable. ”
Guo Chiping (1483-1556), whose name is Shouheng and whose name is Qianzhai, was born at the north gate of Wan'an County, Ji'an Prefecture, Jiangxi Province. In the twelfth year of Ming Zhengde (1517), he was a Jinshi, and he was the deputy envoy of Fujian when he climbed the mountain. Guo Chiping was Wang Yangming's personal disciple in Jiangxi, and his ideology and political ideas followed his mentor. From Zou Shouyi's "Epitaph on the Tomb of the Right Servant of the Nanjing Criminal Department in the Ming Dynasty", "The public is heterogeneous, and he knows how to learn at the age of seven", it can be seen that he is young and talented. Mr. Yang Ming gave a lecture in Jiangxi, and he was greatly excited after hearing about his studies. Later, he followed Wang Yangming to quell the Chenhao Rebellion.
In the eighth year of Jiajing (1529), Guo Chiping, then the deputy envoy of Fujian University, proposed to change the pure view to "Mr. Yifeng Temple", also known as "Yifeng Academy", "the aspirant who chooses scholars to live", and hired the squire Jinshi to teach the academy successively, which became famous and famous.
In the first month of the following year (1530), the death row prisoners of the Fujian Houguan robbed the prison and killed the county magistrate, and suddenly attacked the governor's mansion. Officials such as political envoys, senators, and commanders were killed. When Guo Chiping and his colleagues heard about this, they immediately abandoned the sedan chair and entered the mansion, looking for paper to write an example, explaining the situation to the people in the city, and offering a reward to recruit and capture the thieves. But the thieves soon broke through the prisons in Fuzhou and other places, trying to seize the arsenal. Encouraged by the bounty, the thieves were finally defeated and fled. Guo Chiping speculated that the direction of the thief's escape must be the sea, so he personally led the elite troops to Luoyuan and Lianjiang to pursue them. He prepared two large ships at the head of the Lianjiang Pavilion and rammed the thief ship together, capturing more than 50 people alive, and none of them escaped. This is also recorded in the "Epitaph of the Right Squire of the Nanjing Criminal Department in the Ming Dynasty".
In the fourteenth year of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty (1535), "in the year of Yiwei, Guo Chiping restored Fujian, and the civil rights of the scholars were welcomed. When the people heard that Guo Chiping had been promoted to the post of Fujian Inspector, they cheered and welcomed him, which shows that his decree was peaceful. During his tenure in Fujian, he maintained good social order and pursued fairness and justice under the rule of law. In May of the sixteenth year of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty, Guo Chiping was promoted to the right political envoy of Shanxi, transferred to the political envoy of the left of Henan, and in July of the eighteenth year, he was promoted to the right deputy capital of the Imperial History of the Imperial Court of the Imperial Court of the Metropolitan Procuratorate, and the prime minister of the river, and in June of the twenty-first year, he was promoted to the right attendant of the Ministry of Industry, and he was still in charge of the river, and in December he was reappointed as the right attendant of the Nanjing Criminal Department, and in May of the twenty-fourth year, he inspected Zhishi. He died in August of the thirty-fifth year of Jiajing (1556) and was given a funeral.
Guo Chiping, the personal disciple of Wang Yangming in Jiangxi, judging from the traces of his life, he has always followed the ideological realm of his teacher, building social studies, gathering disciples, curing floods, arresting liukou, breaking unsolved cases, and helping the common people, with the praise of "old Cheng Gengjie, clean wind and no evil"!
Fang Hao (1482-1530), who traveled in the mountains together, was a native of Kaihua County, Quzhou Prefecture, Zhejiang, and a political figure in the Ming Dynasty. He is friendly with Yang Yiqing, Zheng Shanfu, He Jingming, etc., and also advocates "Yangmingxue". There are many works on his life, including more than 10 kinds of works, such as "Tangling Collection", "Broken Tablet Collection", "Kunshan Collection", "Yangyu Record", "See Tree Window Manuscript", "Tingdong Smoke and Rain Edition", "Rongxi Book House Collection", etc., but most of them are scattered.
Guo Bo in the inscription stone carving is a native of Min County. Guo Bo (1494—?), known as Chengqing, known as Fangyan, was a political figure in the Ming Dynasty. In the twelfth year of Zhengde (1517), Jinshi. According to Wanli's "Fuzhou Mansion Chronicles, Election Chronicles", Fujian Juren Guo Gong's name bet: Guo Bo "Byte Fu, Chongzhi's great-grandson, Xinhua Zhixian, has spirit, and is known to Wang Yangming." Guo Bo had contacts with Lin Jun, Lin Wenzhang, Zheng Shanfu, etc., all of whom were literati and bachelors who were familiar with "Yangming Xinxue", so Guo Bo was also deeply influenced by Wang Xue.
On November 29, 1528, the famous thinker, writer, philosopher and military strategist of the Ming Dynasty, Wang Yangming, died of illness in Qinglong Port, Dageng County, Anfu, Jiangxi Province. A month later, on December 27, the seventh year of Jiajing, three Ming Dynasty politicians closely related to Wang Yangming, namely Guo Chiping, Fang Hao, and Guo Bo, braved the rain to swim together and climb the mountain. Whether it is for the sake of learning, or to pay tribute to the ancestors, although it is not known now, but in the face of this cliff stone carving, how not to let future generations reverie!
They stood on the mountain, remembering the Yang Ming ancestor in their hearts, but there was an indescribable pride in their hearts. They walked down the mountain road and walked in the rain, and the rain dripped down the rock wall and hit the stone slabs with a crisp sound, washing away the dust in their hearts. Today, we re-follow the path of the ancients, imagining that the three like-minded literati sometimes stop to talk, sometimes climb high and look into the distance, as if each of them found solace in the rain.