In modern history, due to the weakening of China's national strength, China has been humiliated and invaded by foreign powers. But during the Beiyang period, there was such a person, he was not afraid of the great powers, and personally led the troops to recover Outer Mongolia with a total area of about 1.8 million square kilometers, so that Outer Mongolia briefly returned to the territory of China, this person is "Xu Shuzheng".
Among the many warlords in the Beiyang period, Xu Shuzheng was really a man of all-round talent in civil and military affairs. In his early years, he was admitted to Xiucai, and later went to Shandong to defect to Yuan Shikai and started his military career. Later, he went to Japan to study military affairs, and after returning to China, he became a confidant of the Beiyang warlord Duan Qirui.
Xu Shuzheng's debut after returning from school was during the Xinhai Revolution, when he followed the Beiyang Army south to suppress the revolutionary army.
Xu Shuzheng is a very strategic person and has won Duan Qirui's trust, so this official was promoted quickly. After just 14 years in the army, he was already in charge of the then War Department, and also used the kickback from the purchase of American arms to establish Beijing Zhengzhi Middle School (now the high school affiliated to Beijing Capital Normal University).
In 1918, Xu Shuzheng recruited new soldiers in Anhui and Henan, and formed a border guard army of 3 divisions and 4 brigades, preparing to send troops to recover Outer Mongolia. Subsequently, Xu Shuzheng personally led the 3rd Brigade of the Border Guards into Outer Mongolia. On November 22, the Beiyang government promulgated the Proclamation of the President of China, announcing the abolition of Outer Mongolia's autonomy, which meant that Outer Mongolia officially returned to China.
Later, in order to consolidate the rule of Outer Mongolia, Xu Shuzheng began to establish border banks in Outer Mongolia and Tangnu Wulianghai and other places, promote vegetable cultivation, strengthen the Chinese culture and education of Outer Mongolians, encourage Mongolians to settle, develop reclamation and animal husbandry, and set up industries, and asked the Beiyang government to deploy 7 brigades in these areas.
However, because the Beiyang government was busy with the warlords at that time, it had no time to take care of anything else, so it did not follow Xu Shuzheng's advice. In addition, in 1920, Xu Shuzheng was suddenly removed from the post of border envoy in the northwest, and then, in 1921, the Zhiwan War broke out, the Anhui system was defeated, Xu Shuzheng completely lost power, and was also wanted by the Beiyang government.
At this time, after learning that the Beiyang government in China was caught in infighting, Outer Mongolia once again took the opportunity to announce its secession from China. At this time, the Beiyang government had just experienced the Zhiwan War, and it was no longer able to take care of the matter of "Outer Mongolia". After that, the Chinese government could not recover Outer Mongolia again.
After the Anhui War, Xu Shuzheng was wanted by the Beiyang government and was forced to flee to Japan. Later, he tried to support Duan Qirui's comeback, contacted Sun Yat-sen and Zhang Zuolin to form an anti-direct triangular alliance, and once invaded Fujian and organized the founding of the military and political system to set up the government, but soon failed.
In 1924, Feng Yuxiang staged a coup d'état in Beijing, put President Cao Kun under house arrest, and Duan Qirui returned to the mountains and became the provisional ruler of the Republic of China. As Duan Qirui's confidant, Xu Shuzheng was appointed as a political envoy to Europe, the United States and Japan, and led a delegation to Europe and Japan, during which he met with Stalin, Mussolini and Emperor Hirohito.
On December 10, 1925, Xu Shuzheng led a delegation back to Shanghai. After that, he wanted to unite with warlords such as Sun Chuanfang and Zhang Zuolin to oppose Feng Yuxiang. In addition, Xu Shuzheng had assassinated Feng Yuxiang's uncle Lu Jianzhang before, so Feng Yuxiang hated him to the core, so he ordered Zhang Zhijiang to arrest Xu Shuzheng.
On December 30, 1925, Xu Shuzheng was arrested by Zhang Zhijiang when he left Beijing via Langfang by train. A generation of heroes, but ended up like this, it's really distressing