In the April 26 issue of Warm Heart, we read 15 articles focusing on: vitamin D, immuno-oncology, Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium nuclide, malnutrition, maternal and infant, capsule endoscopy, gut-lung axis, antibiotic resistance, celiac disease, urbanization, Novartis, ADM, Fusen Pharmaceutical, Tonghua Dongbao Pharmaceutical, Raman, DSM-Firmenich.
The daily newspaper was published by R. AI-assisted creation generation, manual review and proofreading.
Science: Vitamin D regulates the composition of intestinal bacteria and promotes anti-tumor immunity
Science——[56.9]
(1) This study revealed a novel mechanism by which vitamin D enhances anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy effect by regulating the composition of intestinal microbiota;(2) Deletion of Gc globulin or increase of dietary vitamin D (VD) intake can improve the availability of VD in mouse organs and tissues, which can enhance the anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy response of mice to transplanted tumors;(3) Experiments such as microbiota transplantation have shown that intestinal microbiota mediates the effect of VD availability on anti-tumor immunity in mice;(4) High VD availability affects the gut microbiota by acting on intestinal epithelial cells, especially increasing the abundance of Bacteroides fragilis, and oral administration of Bacteroides fragilis can improve tumor resistance in mice while maintaining dietary VD intake;(5) In humans, higher serum VD levels are associated with reduced cancer risk, and higher VD availability (as reflected by VDR target gene expression signatures) is associated with better prognosis and immunotherapy response in cancer patients;(6) These findings reveal that VD, The association between gut microbiota and anti-tumor immunity provides a new perspective for cancer treatment.
【Original Information】
Vitamin D regulates microbiome-dependent cancer immunity
2024-04-25 , doi: 10.1126/science.adh7954
Domestic team Nature sub-journal: Fusobacterium nucleates subsp. nucleates that promote bowel cancer was found in the Chinese population
Nature Communications——[16.6]
(1) Peirong Ding from the Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Youwen Qin from BGI and their team published a study to assemble the largest intestinal metagenome of early-onset colorectal cancer (yCRC) to date based on two independent cohorts, and found that the association between CRC microbiome and age in adulthood is limited;(2) Species known to be associated with colorectal cancer, such as Clostridium commensalus, Streptococcus oral, Micromonas parvum and Hungatella hathewayi, were significantly enriched in both elderly and young adult patients;(3) Through metagenomic analysis at the strain level, it was found that the abundance and occurrence rate of Fusobacterium animalis (Fa) in the fecal microbiota of CRC were higher than those of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), and were associated with the occurrence and development of bowel cancer.
【Original Information】
Consistent signatures in the human gut microbiome of old- and young-onset colorectal cancer
2024-04-22 , doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-47523-x
Nature: Comparison of four treatments for children with severe acute malnutrition
Nature Communications——[16.6]
(1) intestinal injury is prevalent in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM), leading to systemic inflammation, stunted growth, and developmental failure, as well as increased mortality; (2) subcutaneous teduglutide (a recombinant glucagon-like peptide 2 analogue) significantly reduced intestinal mucosal injury biomarkers in 125 children with SAM, while the other three interventions (oral or nasogastric bovine colostrum, N-acetylglucosamine, budesonide) had no significant effect on these biomarkers, but the latter three reduced the systemic inflammatory marker CRP, and N-acetylglucosamine reduced the number of days of diarrhoea;(3) teduglutide and bovine colostrum increased the depth of the glandular fossa of the intestinal mucosa, suggesting that they may have promoted mucosal regeneration;(4) all interventions were shown to be safe;(5) This study suggests that teduglutide may be the most promising intervention that warrants further phase III clinical trials, and that other interventions may also be beneficial and warrant further investigation.
【Original Information】
Malnutrition enteropathy in Zambian and Zimbabwean children with severe acute malnutrition: A multi-arm randomized phase II trial
2024-04-17 , doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-45528-0
Li Ming + Yan Jingyu + Deng Yanjie: Mother's supplementation of specific probiotics can improve the baby's flora and immunity through the gut-breast axis
Gut Microbes——[12.2]
(1) Li Ming from Dalian Medical University, Yan Jingyu from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Deng Yanjie from Dalian Women and Children's Medical Center and their team found that supplementation of sialic acid (SA) and probiotics (Pro) during breastfeeding by mothers could regulate the biosynthesis of sialylated human milk oligosaccharides (S-MO) in breast milk through the gut-milk axis, thereby improving the intestinal flora and immune response of neonates; Pro can regulate the intestinal microbiota of female mice, increase the content of salivary lactose (6'-SL) in breast milk, and promote the colonization and immune development of Lactobacillus reuteri in neonatal mice;(3) The lack of 6'-SL in the milk of St6gal1 knockout female mice disrupted the intestinal microbiota structure of offspring and hindered the development of immune tolerance, and SA+Pro intervention alleviated the allergic reaction of neonatal mice by promoting the synthesis of 6'-SL and the development of intestinal microbiota in neonatal mice;(4) In human mammary epithelial cells MCF-10A, the Gpr41-PI3K-Akt-PPAR pathway was involved in regulating the synthesis of 6′-SL in the mammary gland after SA+Pro intervention.
【Original Information】
Sialic acid-based probiotic intervention in lactating mothers improves the neonatal gut microbiota and immune responses by regulating sialylated milk oligosaccharide synthesis via the gut-breast axis
2024-04-17 , doi: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2334967
Shanghai Jiaotong University: A new capsule endoscope helps early diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases
Biosensors and Bioelectronics——[12.6]
(1) Daxiang Cui, Ning Tang, Wei Wang, and their team from Shanghai Jiao Tong University have successfully developed a novel near-infrared fluorescence capsule endoscope (NIFCE) for the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases;(2) NIFCE can excite and capture near-infrared fluorescence images to specifically identify small mucosal microlesions and submucosal lesions, and can also capture conventional white light images to detect lesions with obvious morphological changes;(3) The first collaborative system that can realize NIFCE multi-attitude control and long-term power supply at the same time is constructed, which solves the problem of excessive energy consumption caused by NIFCE emission of near-infrared light (NIRL);(4) In vivo experiments, NIFCE works synergistically with the probes that actively aggregate tumors to specifically "illuminate" tumor tissues without harming normal tissues, so as to achieve specific detection and penetration;(5) This study shows that NIFCE is a major advance in the field of capsule endoscopy and shows great potential for the efficient realization of early targeted diagnosis of various gastrointestinal diseases.
【Original Information】
An ingestible near-infrared fluorescence capsule endoscopy for specific gastrointestinal diagnoses
2024-03-24 , doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116209
New carbon bead adsorbent Yaq-001: improve intestinal tract and cure liver disease
Good——[24.5]
(1) This study explored the therapeutic potential of Yaq-001, an inabsorbable, gut-restricted engineered carbon bead sorbent in the model of liver cirrhosis and acute exacerbation of chronic liver failure (ACLF), and evaluated its safety and tolerability in clinical trials;(2) Yaq-001 can rapidly adsorb endotoxins and significantly reduce liver injury, fibrosis progression, portal hypertension, renal dysfunction and mortality in ACLF;(3) Yaq-001 has a positive effect on endotoxemia, hyperammonemia, hepatocellular death, Systemic inflammation and organ transcriptomics have a significant impact on severity and modulate inflammation, cell death, and aging in the liver, kidney, brain, and colon; (4) Yaq-001 reduces intestinal permeability of organoids and positively affects microbial composition and metabolism; (5) Yaq-001 as a device met its primary endpoints of safety and tolerability in clinical trials.
【Original Information】
Clinical, experimental and pathophysiological effects of Yaq-001: a non-absorbab le, gut-restricted adsorbent in models and patients with cirrhosis
2024-04-15 , Yogurt: 10.1136/Gutznol-2023-3306999
Nature: Antibiotic treatment weakens the lungs' bacterial defenses
Nature Communications——[16.6]
(1) Studies have revealed that clinical broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy may weaken lung defense against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae by destroying intestinal microbial diversity and inhibiting short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production;(2) Human microbiota transplantation experiments have revealed that antibiotic-induced microbiota changes affect lung antimicrobial immunity through SCFA receptors FFAR2 and FFAR3;(3) FFAR2/ FFAR3 knockout does not affect the production of pulmonary cytokines and immune cell infiltration during Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, but affects the gene expression of inflammatory monocytes and lung neutrophils;(4) FFAR2/FFAR3 protects against Klebsiella pneumoniae infection through inflammatory monocytes;(5) Antibiotic-induced microbiota changes impair the antimicrobial activity of inflammatory monocytes controlled by FFAR2/FFAR3.
【Original Information】
Clinically used broad-spectrum antibiotics compromise inflammatory monocyte-dependent antibacterial defense in the lung
2024-03-30 , doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-47149-z
Combination of gastric acid drugs and antibiotics, or increased colonization of resistant bacteria in the intestine
Gut Microbes——[12.2]
(1) This study found that the combination of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and antibiotics significantly increased the risk of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) colonization in the gut microbiome;(2) a matched case-control study of 282 intensive care unit patients found that the concomitant use of PPIs and antibiotics was a significant risk factor for CRE colonization;(3) Whole-genome sequencing analysis of the gut microbiome of 98 patients (47 CRE carriers and 51 non-CRE carriers) showed that the gut microbiota differed with the use of PPIs in both CRE and non-CRE groups;(4) In CRE carriers, the transfer between mobile gene elements (MGEs) carrying carbapenem resistance genes (CRGs) was higher in the PPI-treated group than in the non-PPI-treated group;(5) Studies have shown that the combination of PPIs and antibiotics increases the risk of CRE colonization by promoting the transfer of drug-resistant genes between bacteria in the gut microbiome;(6) Therefore, improving the use of PPIs and antibiotics may help reduce the risk of CRE colonization and thus improve patient outcomes.
【Original Information】
Proton pump inhibitors increase the risk of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae colonization by facilitating the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria in the gut microbiome
2024-04-18 , doi: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2341635
Patients with celiac disease are at increased risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (meta-analysis)
EClinicalMedicine——[15.1]
(1) This study revealed that celiac disease (CD) is a strong risk factor for esophagogastric reflux disease (GERD), and that a gluten-free diet (GFD) can significantly improve GERD;(2) CD patients were 3 times more likely to develop GORD when they consumed a gluten-containing diet than in the control group, and the risk was more than 10-fold higher than that of those who consumed GFD;(3) CD was significantly associated with esophagitis, and its risk was nearly 5 times higher than that of the control group;(4) GFD is more effective than 8 weeks of proton-pump inhibitor therapy in non-CD patients with GORD in preventing recurrence of GORD symptoms in CD patients;(5) Pediatric CD patients are more likely to develop GERD than adult CD patients.
【Original Information】
Coeliac disease is a strong risk factor for Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease while a gluten free diet is protective: a systematic review and meta-analysis
2024-04-16 , doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102577
Nature: The impact of dietary changes from urbanization in South Africa on the microbiome and disease
Nature Communications——[16.6]
(1) This cross-sectional study analysed the diet and gut microbiome of rural and urban Xhosa people in South Africa, with urbanized Xhosa people having higher intake of energy, fat, and animal protein compared to rural dwellers on traditional diets, which is associated with reduced gut microbiota diversity and shifts in microbial metabolic pathways;(2) higher levels of deoxycholic acid in the stool of urban residents, which is associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer, but similar concentrations of short-chain fatty acids compared to rural residents;(3) Fecal viral composition is associated with different gut bacterial communities, showing significant differences between urban and rural areas, as well as differences in the composition of food and skin microbiota along urbanization gradients;(4) This study suggests that the dietary shift in urbanization in South Africa has led to significant changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome, and further research is needed to determine whether reverting to specific components of the traditional diet can prevent the rapid growth of NCDs.
【Original Information】
Diet changes due to urbanization in South Africa are linked to microbiome and metabolome signatures of Westernization and colorectal cancer
2024-04-20 , doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-46265-0
诺华Lutathera获FDA批准一线治疗GEP-NETs
(1) On April 23, Novartis announced that its drug Lutathera received FDA approval for the first-line treatment of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) in children 12 years of age and older;(2) Lutathera became the first approved therapy specifically for pediatric patients with GEP-NETs;(3) Lutathera has been shown to have a comparable safety profile and consistent drug exposure levels in patients aged 12-17 years;(4) GEP-NETs are rare cancers that are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease and are often unresectable.
【Original Information】
Novartis radioligand therapy Lutathera® FDA approved as first medicine specifically for pediatric patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
2024-04-23 , Novartis
ADM Bacillus subtilis DE111 was approved for marketing by the National Health Commission
(1) On April 23, ADM announced that its Bacillus subtilis DE111 probiotic was approved for marketing by the National Health Commission, (2) DE111 probiotic has passed a rigorous quality and safety review and can be sold in the Chinese market, (3) ADM became the first and only supplier to supply Bacillus subtilis food ingredients to the Chinese market, and (4) DE111 probiotic supports digestive health and immune function and is suitable for use in a variety of foods and beverages.
【Original Information】
ADM's new intestinal health probiotic was approved for marketing by the National Health Commission
2024-04-23 , FoodTalks
Fusen Pharmaceutical's marketing authorization application for "Compound Potassium Biphosphate Injection" was accepted
(1) On April 23, Fusen Pharmaceutical announced that the marketing authorization application for compound potassium hydrogen phosphate injection developed by its subsidiary was accepted by the State Food and Drug Administration;(2) The drug is used as a supplement of phosphorus in complete parenteral nutrition therapy, as well as for the treatment of hypophosphatemia caused by certain diseases;(3) Compound potassium hydrogen phosphate injection is a phosphorus supplement for the treatment of hypophosphatemia in adults and children by intravenous infusion, and is also used for parenteral nutrition in adults and children;(4) The product is a national basic drug in Class B of medical insurance, with high safety, fast absorption and action, Phosphorus and potassium supplementation will provide more treatment options for adult and pediatric hypophosphatemia and parenteral nutrition patients after marketing.
【Original Information】
The voluntary announcement of the marketing authorization application of "compound potassium hydrogen phosphate injection" was accepted
2024-04-23 , Oriental Fortune Network
Tonghua Dongbao Pharmaceutical's "THDBH120 for Injection" weight loss indication was approved for clinical trial
(1) On April 25, Tonghua Dongbao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. announced that the clinical trial of the THDBH120 for injection developed by its subsidiary Dongbao Zixing for weight loss indication has been approved by the State Food and Drug Administration;(2) THDBH120 for injection is a GLP-1/GIP dual-target receptor agonist for the treatment of overweight or obese patients;(3) The R&D investment of the drug has reached approximately RMB 59.22 million, and the diabetes indication has entered the phase 1a clinical research stage;(4) Tirzepatide, the world's first drug of its kind developed by Eli Lilly and Company, has been approved by the FDA.
【Original Information】
Tonghua Dongbao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. announced the clinical approval of the clinical application for the indication of GLP-1/GIP dual-target receptor agonist (THDBH120 for injection).
2024-04-25 , Tonghua Dongbao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
DSM-Firmenich partners with Raman to launch synbiotic products
(1) On April 24, DSM-Firmenich and Raman announced a strategic partnership to launch synbiotic products for infants and young children, (2) among the new products, DSM-Firmenich for breast milk oligosaccharides and Raman for probiotics, (3) new synbiotic products to help mimic the gut microbiota of breastfed infants and promote the development of the infant immune system and gut microbiota;(4) Studies have shown that human milk oligosaccharides can selectively promote the growth of specific probiotic strains, help the body fight harmful bacteria, and enhance intestinal barrier, immunity, and brain function.
【Original Information】
dsm-firmenich and Lallemand Health Solutions unite to launch synergistic synbiotic solutions for early life nutrition
2024-04-24 , DSM
Thanks to the reviewers of this issue: mildbreeze, Jiu Qingchen, registered dietitian Chen Binlin, RZN, Yuanhuan'er, Zhang Tailiu, Richard
Click here to read the daily reports for the past 10 days:
0425 | Today's Nature Double: Gut-Hepatic Axis Immune Regulation + Mini Colon Model
0424 | Health Hub: Multi-article focuses on how the gut affects whole-body health
0423 | Today's Cell: Jiang Changtao/Qiao Jie/Pang Yanli/Zheng Minghua/Jia Yanxing, etc. have made a major breakthrough in bile acids
0422 | Expert voices: Two articles in Cell focus on microbiota and cancer treatment
0421 | Food as Medicine: 10 articles focusing on dietary interventions in disease
0420 | Science Debunked: The Bacterial Phage-Germ "Arms Race" in the Gut
0419 | Cheng Gong/Zhu Yibin/Wang Jinglin et al. Science breakthrough: clever use of symbiotic bacteria to block the transmission of mosquito-borne viruses
0418 | Focus on special populations: maternal and infant intestinal flora and health
0417 | High-score Nature sub-journal: Bringing together the power of global players to help intestinal microbiome research
0416 | Multi-article focus: To protect the gut, no one can do without immune cells and microflora