The world is full of fragrant flowers in April, and the land of Lingnan is full of spring.
How can growers choose the right varieties and varieties in the orchard and flowers in the flower field? "2024 Guangzhou Agricultural Leading Varieties and Main Technologies" is here as scheduled, providing practical and efficient solutions for the majority of growers.
Rural revitalization, industry first, "fruit plate" upgrading project is a key agricultural and rural project in Guangdong Province. Delicious fruits, add a little sweetness to a good life. At present, it is an era in which consumers change from being full to eating delicious and expensive, and it is an era in which agricultural products are sold at different levels and at high quality and high prices. Optimizing the industrial layout, vigorously promoting new and excellent varieties, and promoting quality improvement are important directions for the transformation and upgrading of Guangzhou's fruit industry.
In recent years, Guangzhou, the city of flowers, has vigorously empowered the high-quality development of millions of projects with the "beautiful economy" of flowers. In 2023, Guangzhou's flower planting area will be about 350,000 mu, and it has become an important production base for foliage plants and potted flowers in the mainland. At the same time, Guangzhou continues to promote the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and the flower industry has gradually changed from a single production to a deep integration model integrating production, sales, scientific research, sightseeing and tourism.
In 2024, Guangzhou will select 57 leading agricultural varieties and 26 main technologies in Guangzhou based on the development of leading industries and the needs of agricultural producers, covering grain, vegetables, fruit trees, flowers, livestock and poultry, aquatic products and other fields.
In order to facilitate the majority of growers to have a target, understand, grasp and scientifically select excellent leading varieties and main technologies, we will focus on introducing some fruit trees, flowers, vegetable varieties and technologies this year in the form of pictures and texts, and now launch the 2024 Guangzhou agricultural leading varieties "Fruit Trees and Flowers".
Fruit Trees
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Banana No. 4
With delicate flesh and sweet taste, bananas have always been loved by people. However, in recent years, Guangdong has been hit by banana wilt disease, and banana cultivation has been declining, and many banana farmers have turned to Guangxi, Yunnan and other places to plant. Zhongjiao No. 4 banana came into being, which means that we don't have to worry about not being able to eat good local bananas! Zhongjiao No. 4 banana has a field resistance to Fusarium wilt No. 1 and No. 4 physiological species, with good yield and good yield, and the average plant yield of the first plant is 22.5 kilograms, which is suitable for planting in the central and southern parts of our city. The growth cycle of the newly planted banana is 380-400 days, the false stem is 2.3-3 meters high, there are many green and rusty brown spots, and the leaves are thick. The fruit spike is compact, the fruit finger is slightly curved, the flesh is light yellow, sweet, and the content of soluble solids is high. Plant at the right time to avoid budding in the low temperature period of winter.
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Pink miscellaneous No. 1 pink banana
The chubby "Pink Miscellaneous No. 1" smells like an apple, so everyone also calls it "Apple Powder Banana". Powdered banana No. 1 has good yield, yellow fruit after ripening, thin skin, creamy or milky white flesh, soft and smooth flesh, and sweet taste. "Powderza No. 1" is highly resistant to banana wilt No. 4 and medium resistant banana wilt No. 1.
- Red Sun No. 3 papaya
Papaya is sweet and tender, nutritious and beautiful. Hongri No. 3 papaya is a small-fruited papaya variety, with compact, umbrella-shaped, and vigorous trees. The first ripening period is from the end of September to the beginning of October. The skin is smooth, the flesh is red, tender and juicy without residue. It is suitable for planting in the central and southern parts of the city from February to March. Pay attention to the prevention and control of ring-spot mosaic virus disease, powdery mildew, aphids, red spiders and other diseases and insects.
- Emerald guava
Crisp and sweet, fruity. Jadeite guava, easy to become a flower, early fruit, abundant and stable yield, good quality. Grafted seedlings or cuttings can flower and bear fruit in the same year of planting, planted in Guangzhou, flowering period from April to December, and fruiting period from July to April of the following year. In terms of cultivation management, flowers should be thinned, fruit thinning and fruit bagging should be carried out in time, and the peel should be harvested when it turns white-green, and attention should be paid to the prevention and control of anthracnose, orange fruit flies, scale insects, aphids, etc. The yield of adult trees per mu is more than 3000 kg.
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Yuehong No. 5 dragon fruit
Booming, sweet and sweet, dragon fruit is becoming more and more the darling of the fruit market. Yuehong No. 5 dragon fruit has few and short branch thorns, high self-flowering and fruit-setting rate, strong flowering and fruit setting ability, high and stable yield, and strong cold tolerance. The fruit is oblong, with an average single fruit weight of 310 grams, bright red skin, white flesh, smooth flesh, sweet flesh, and good quality. It is suitable for planting in our city from February to November. Pay attention to the prevention and control of cankers, snails, ants, moths and butterfly larvae.
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Xianjin serves lychees
Eat 300 lychees a day, and do not hesitate to be a Lingnan person. "Lingnan Fruit King" lychee will be ripe and listed in another month.
Xianjinfeng, who has the reputation of "Lychee Queen", is a late-maturing lychee variety with high and stable yield, and the fruit is resistant to storage and transportation. In Guangzhou, the flowering period is early to mid-April, and the ripening period is 7-10 days later than that of glutinous rice balls and cinnamon. The flesh of the fruit is yellow, waxy, delicate, juicy and sweet, with a honey fragrance.
- Jinggang red glutinous lychee
Jinggang red glutinous lychee is another well-known late-maturing lychee variety in Guangzhou, the fruit is dark bright red, flat heart-shaped, the fruit is large, the flesh is thick, crisp, and the taste is sweet. High yield and stable yield, more resistant to lychee downy Phytophthora ply.
Flowers
- Four seasons flower orchid
The orchid fragrance is full of paths, and the breeze comes from Xu. The four-season flower orchid is suitable for greenhouse cultivation in our city, and the flowering period is from July to January of the following year, and the resistance is strong. The plant is semi-erect and has good growth potential. The flowers are yellow-green in summer and autumn and red in winter, with a delicate fragrance. Generally, the flowers begin in late August, and the flowering period of a single branch (branch) is about 1 month. From August to September, the high temperature and heat are shady to avoid burning edges or scorched edges of the leaves. Pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases such as anthracnose, soft rot, virus diseases, thrips and shellworms.
- Xiao Fenglan
The slim little phoenix orchid is suitable for greenhouse cultivation in our city. The growth potential is strong, the tillering power is strong, the plant type is erect, the leaves are sword-shaped, green, shiny, the peduncle is erect, the flowers are orange, and there is a fragrance. Under the cultivation of Guangzhou facilities, it begins to flower in late January, and the flowering period is 35-45 days, with strong resistance to stress and adaptability.
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Anthurium
Delicate and lovely. Anthurium Xiaojiao, won the national potted flower "Golden Flower Award", red series of small potted flowers, strong growth potential, good ornamentality, compact plant type, green and dark leaves, Buddha flame bud is red, compared with other varieties, Anthurium Xiaojiao has stronger gloss, leaf color is greener, not easy to fade in summer, very distinctive. Anthurium has strong disease resistance and adaptability, and is suitable for greenhouse cultivation in our city.
- Broad-flowered red-fried coarse ribs
It also won the product category award of the National Potted Flower Special Exhibition, "Guanghua Red Coarse Rib Grass", which is a new variety of small and medium-sized foliage in the red series. The leaves are slightly narrow and ovate, the leaf margins are yellow-green, there are irregular yellow-green patches, the overall leaf color is dark red, bright and stable, and the Buddha flame bracts are green. It is more resistant to heat and strong light. It is suitable for greenhouse cultivation in our city, and the market prospect is good.
Main technology
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High-quality and efficient cultivation technology of Sunshine Rose grapes
Thin skin, crispy meat, sweet taste, seedless, aromatic, "a bite of sunshine and a bite of rose", Sunshine Rose has won the love of countless people with its unique taste and nutritional value. The high-quality and efficient cultivation technology of Sunshine Rose grapes creates suitable conditions for grape growth and development through the construction of facilities and scientific and standardized technical measures, and produces high-quality Sunshine Rose grapes.
In Guangzhou, it is recommended to use a north-south steel frame and a rain-sheltered greenhouse to grow grapes. Transparent film is installed on the roof of the shed to prevent rain, anti-bird nets are installed around it, horizontal grids are built in the shed, and integrated water and fertilizer systems are installed. The production of winter fruits requires insulation and polishing facilities.
Before planting, the soil is improved with organic materials or decomposed organic fertilizer, and an appropriate amount of quicklime is applied to adjust the soil to pH 7-8, so that the soil is loose and fertile, and suitable for root growth. Monocyanamide is used to break dormancy and promote germination.
Do a good job of seedless and swelling treatment at the flowering and fruiting stage, thinning flowers and fruits, setting ears and controlling production, bagging and other work. Scientific fertilization and watering. Keep the soil moist at the seedling stage, which is conducive to the growth and development of plants. According to the water and nutrient requirements of different growth periods such as before germination, after germination, fruit ripening and before harvesting, the fruiting trees should be reasonably controlled or irrigated and fertilized. Do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insects, focusing on the prevention and control of powdery mildew, downy mildew, gray mold, thrips, green blind bugs and other pests and diseases.
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Cultivation and flowering regulation technology of Chinese orchid
The cultivation and flowering period control technology of Orchid sinensis summarized a set of production technologies for precise cultivation and regulation of annual flowering of Orchid sinensis, which solved the problems of low flowering rate and scattered and inconsistent flowering period.
It is recommended to use a mixed substrate of crushed stone (1-2 cm diameter): coarse coir or peanut shell = 1:1 for the cultivation medium.
When the orchid enters the vegetative growth period, different formulas of water-soluble fertilizer are applied at a certain frequency according to the different growth stages of the reproductive period, the stemming stage and the flowering stage to ensure sufficient nutrient supply.
Flowering regulation is also crucial. Avoid watering for three days before and after each control treatment, the application amount of plant growth regulator solution in each pot is about 200 ml, and the plant growth regulator solution sprays the surface of the substrate until the bottom of the pot drips. Plant life regulators can be cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine, gibberellin, naphthalene acetic acid. At the same time, depending on the needs of different varieties, 1-3 times, if multiple treatments are required, the interval is not less than 7 days.
Author丨Huang LihaoEditor丨Nong CaijunContact Nong Caijun丨18565265490
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