Gu Shiyun is a native of Jianshe Town, Chongming District, born in 1952. He was conscripted into the army in 1970 and discharged from the army in 1973, serving as the village party branch committee and the captain of the 16th team in the same year. In 1974, he served as the secretary of the party branch of the brigade, took the first college entrance examination in December 1977, entered the Department of Political Science and Education of Shanghai Normal University in May 1978, and taught in Jianshe Middle School after graduating in July 1980. In January 1985, he served as the secretary of the party branch of the school. In November 1998, he was transferred to the principal of the school. After leaving office in August 2009, he served as the party building supervisor of Chongming County Education Bureau. After his retirement in 2012 to the end of 2021, he successively served as the responsible inspector of the Chongming District Education Supervision Office and the full-time supervisor of adult training at the Yangfan Education Evaluation Center. He is now a member of the Chongming District Literature and History Research Association. © This article is published with authorization, please contact this official account for reprinting, submission and consultation.
Reminiscences of the Old Past: Childhood Fun (Part II)
Childhood life was difficult, and the problem of lack of food and clothing plagued every family. In the countryside, it is rare to see a few families who have a comfortable life. In those years, the whole country went through difficulties, the people tightened their belts, and the hard life is still vivid in my mind. But hardships are hardships, and children's playful nature is still irrepressible. A generation has a generation's way of living, and a generation has a generation's way of playing. These ways of playing may be laughed at now, but in those days, it was the inevitable choice of children to have fun in the midst of suffering, and the innocence and childlike fun in it can only be experienced by our generation.
Fifth, the summer fun world is big
Compared with the winter vacation, the summer vacation has a longer activity time, a broader activity world, and more colorful activities, and the children's playful nature has been brought into full play.
1. Sticky knows, Chongming speaks and knows. The children twist a triangle at the top of the reed, and some use bamboo strips to bend into a circle and insert it into the top of the reed, and then twist the spider web. Because the spider web has the stickiness of hunting flying insects, it is also used to stick and trap. There are two ways to play after sticking to Zhizhi: one is to roast Zhizhi on the fire, and there is a piece of meat on its back that can be eaten and roasted very fragrantly, and the other is to use the seed shell of purslane (pig grass) to cover Zhizhi's eyes and release it. The blindfolded knowers will scream in the air while flying lifelessly, until they can't see, and the end will definitely be miserable.
2. Catch the night with you. The nocturnal bands are a type of cicada, medium in height and blue in the lake. Staying on tree trunks or other crops that are not very tall, their cries often have a "squeak, squeak" sound. Relatively speaking, the night belt is easy to catch. In the old days, people called people with status as Mr., so there was a nursery rhyme that belittled Mr. : Bring it at night, bring it at night, and Mr. Niang takes off his pants.
3. Pick up the shell. Knowing the shell is a traditional Chinese medicine, every year knowing the molting season, the insect embryo that has been dormant in the ground for three years will crawl out of the ground and molt after the rain. Knowing that the shell is molting on the small trees and reeds, it can be picked up at hand, and on the small trees in the forest farm, the shell is even more. After the shell is dried, it can be sold in pharmacies. At that time, rural families were not wealthy, and the children would give the money to their parents to subsidize the family.
4. Raising the Baby's Day. Also known as a dog, it is a chirping autumn insect with flying wings. Keep it in a cage, feed it a little bean leaves and pumpkin flowers every day, and after eating, it will make a kind of "chick, chick" sound, and its survival period will be as much as half a month. The children would hang the small cages under the eaves, and sometimes take them out, screaming louder than who raised them.
5. Raise a weaver. Weaving Niangniang is also called promoting weaving, and there is a story called "Promoting Weaving" in "Liao Zhai", which is also a kind of autumn insect that eats bean leaves, and its body size is much smaller than that of the festival. On summer nights, it makes a "squeak, squeak" weaving sound. When the children catch it, they also keep it in a cage.
6. Raise Titicaca Niang. Titica Niang is also known as the sarong and tube Niang, with a big belly and a larger body than the festival. On summer nights, flocks of Titicaca girls will make a "Titicaca" cry in the grass. Because its sound is like the rotation of the bobbin pole between the warp bamboo heads during the warp, it is called a sarong. The feeding method and growth period are similar to those of the two autumn insects mentioned above.
7. Catch fireflies. A firefly is a type of insect that emits light at night. In the summer, children chase fireflies in the grass. After catching them, some of them will be put in bottles, and some of them will be put in mosquito nets, so that they can see the light when they sleep. There was also such a nursery rhyme back then: Fireflies, red at night, red wherever they fly. Because it glows while flying, like a meteor in a summer night, fireflies are often called swimming fireflies in the accent of Chongming people.
8. Catch the frog and fight the frog. The bloom is the cricket, and the Chongming people call the fighting cricket the fighting cricket. After the corn was harvested, there were more blooms in the field. Wherever there is corn firewood, it can be found, and it can also be found in piles of broken bricks. After it was caught, everyone put it in the basin and used the blooming grass to fight, so that the two bloomers could fight.
9. Learn to swim. Children learn to swim without a teacher. When it's hot, seven or eight-year-olds learn to swim with older children. It's called learning, in fact, playing with water, for a while to fight with a small hand to fight with water, for a while to pull Lu Qing to hit the foot hole, and sometimes to close his eyes and hold his breath, and fight in the water. Chongming often says: Tie the knot and hit the foot hole. One is to refer to children learning to swim, and the other is to describe some people who can't do things.
10. Take a cold water bath. Learning to swim is the premise of a cold bath, and if you can't swim, you can't take a cold bath. And the cold water bath in Chongming is swimming. It's a hot day during the summer vacation, and children often go to soak in the water. After learning to swim, they obtained the right to freedom in the water, and they played in the water with all their hearts, compared to backstroke, sidestroke, and diving (Chongming is called into the top of the head). I have a junior high school classmate who inserted a thin reed rod into his nostril when he was submerged in the top of his head, and one of the thin reed rods more than an inch long remained deep in the nasal cavity until he was taken out by the doctor when he participated in the glider physical examination in the second grade of junior high school.
11. Catch cockworms. In those days, there were many frogs, and there were holes everywhere on the river beach, by the ditch, and in the low fields. On hot days, the worms will also come out of the hole, but when they see people, they will flee into the hole. The children will find a way to catch the worms: one is to use a bamboo pole to insert it diagonally on the edge of the hole to block the way for the frogs to retreat, which is called rejecting the worms in Chongming dialect; In those days, the cockworm was also edible, in addition to boiling, the most common way to eat was to eat the soup with the clamshell pulp. Wash and husk the cockroaches, pound them into a meat pulp, add them to water, filter out the bone residue, and boil the soup with the meat slurry water, which is extremely delicious.
12. Touch the crab. At that time, Chongming's water source was clean and the ecology was good, and there were many crabs in the ditch and river. If you touch a few ditches, you will be able to catch dozens of crabs. After the rain, go to the shallow water at the head of the ditch and catch a few soft-shell crabs (newly molted crabs). For example, if you touch crabs in the crab holes of the ditch and the ditch, all the crabs that come out are old hairy crabs. Sometimes there are two crabs in the same hole, and they touched it today, and they will have it again in a day or two. Touching crabs in crab holes is called crabs, and stepping on sludge crabs with your feet in a half-waist-deep ditch river is called stepping crabs. After touching the crab, the small roasted noodles drag the crab, and the large one is skewered with potato vines to sell in the town, and ten crabs in a string can be exchanged for two dimes.
13. Carry the net to grab the white fish. Compared with fishing, the fun of carrying a net to grab a white fish is even greater. With a mouthful of nets, make good net bars on both sides. Two children carried the net in front, while the rest followed behind to grab fish. Carrying the net forward, there will be white fish jumping around at any time, and those white fish jumping in the reeds will be grabbed by the children behind. When the net is carried to the top of the ditch, the fish has nowhere to escape, and it will jump like a shooting star. At this time, the children were so happy that they would catch most of the bags of fish in the bags of dried noodles.
14. Stealing melons and picking picks. During the summer vacation, it is the harvest time of melons and fruits. At this time, the children will be wild and interesting again, and they will start to steal melons and pick peaches. Especially by the ditch river where the cold water bath, if anyone grows melons and fruits, it is inevitable that the children will take the sheep. When I was a child, peaches were relatively rare, and there were few grafted peach trees, all of which were half-ripe wild peaches and cracked peaches, but in the famine years, they would also feel particularly delicious. At that time, the vegetable melons planted at home were not only easy to grow but also had high yields, and everyone was not rare. But stealing melons is a kind of wild fun for children, especially the collective planting of watermelons, when it is the turn of girls to look at melons, a group of bare-bottomed boys, including some boys who have just developed and are still sparsely hanging a few hairs, are swaggering to pick up melons. The little girl who looked at the melon could only watch secretly, but she was ashamed to say anything. The children triumphantly returned to the river and smashed open the watermelon with their fists, and you and I gnawed on it one by one.
Summer vacation is like a stage for children, where children play with all their hearts and perform children's plays. So much so that when the summer vacation was about to end, I hurriedly started to do my summer homework.
Sixth, there is a lot of fun and wild fun in ordinary play
The fun of childhood is not only big, there are many projects, but also full of all kinds of wild fun. Not only did the children play a variety of fame during the above period, but they also tried their best to show their playfulness talents in normal times. Now that I think about it, the various amusements of Ordinary Chenguang are full of all kinds of wild fun.
1. Luo bamboo. At that time, there were many families with bamboo gardens, and children often went to the bamboo gardens to visit the bamboo gardens. Like little monkeys, they often climb up and down from bamboo to bamboo, turning over and over. Climb higher than whom, better than whom's bucket flips.
2. Climb trees. Tree climbing is a regular activity for children, and there is no parent who would stop them from doing so. The children are in the trees, competing to who can climb faster and higher. At that time, there were many children, and parents let go. After picking a variety of wild fruits from the trees, the children will throw them at each other.
3. Sheep grass, also called sheep grass to win or lose or cut chickens and sell meat. Children use the sheep grass they pick to win or lose, this kind of activity, I have a special expression in the article "Picking sheep grass", this article will not repeat it.
4. Dig out the bird's nest, also called 剿 ("剿" word, read chāo, the meaning of attack) will be the kiln. At that time, the best ones to suppress were sparrow holes, yellow vine holes and partridge holes. The sparrow is called mahjong in Chongming dialect, and its hole is often made in the corrugated of the tile house or the buckle of the grass house, and it is easier to suppress. Yellow vine is a small bird that lives in the reeds, slightly smaller than a sparrow, and feeds on the insects and reeds on the reeds. Now that the ditch reeds are gone, this bird is rare. One is to catch small birds to raise, and the other is to cook bird eggs to eat. The most interesting thing is digging the partridge's nest, it lays five eggs, you catch two, and it will continue to lay. It's really a black partridge, two hundred and five, and the bird's eggs are stolen and confused.
5. Raising silkworm babies. During the Qingming Festival, the mulberry tree grows young leaves, which is the natural season for raising silkworms. Back then, the people who set up the stalls were also very good at children's business, and they got silkworm seeds from nowhere to sell them to students. Students who buy silkworm seeds will tear up the paper full of silkworm seeds and divide it with everyone. We all put silkworm seeds in our chests like babies to keep them warm and incubate, and even take them out to see them during class. As soon as the young silkworms emerge from the shell, we carefully put them in a cardboard box and pick the tender mulberry leaves to feed. When it was time to spin the silk, we put it on the lid of a teacup and let it spit out the old cotton wool that the mother used to polish her hair.
6. Mulberry picking, also called mulberry fruit picking, mulberry picking. At that time, the forest farm planted mulberry and raised silkworms, and on the occasion of the Dragon Boat Festival, it was the time when the mulberry fruit of the tree was ripe. Going to the forest farm to pick mulberries has become a great fun for children. There are many and large mulberries there, and everyone picks them and eats them at the same time. When the basket of mulberries was filled, the stomach was also full, and the lips were already black.
7. Wrestling, Chongming is called wrestling and rolling. The grass in spring seems to be covered with a green carpet, and everyone wrestles and rolls on this carpet with all their hearts, making the grass green, and when they go home, they will be scolded by their mothers, and it is difficult to wash off the grass green.
8. Tiger Jump. The Tiger Jump is also called the sideways somersault, and its action characteristics are as follows: both hands are successively supported on the ground, the head is down, the feet are up, and the side is rotated and flipped. This activity is more difficult, and the average person does not turn much and does not turn well, and the action is not standard. My elementary school classmate Miao Sheng is light and flexible, and he can jump dozens of tigers in one breath on the playground. The grass in spring is the best practice place for children to learn to jump.
9. Fishing for wheat dogs. The wheat dog is a small black worm that grows on the edge of a wheat field, and it has a small hole one by one, and this worm has a head like a lion's head. Dig open the surface of the ground at the edge of the wheat field, and you will reveal small holes one by one, put wheat mangs or small garlic leaves into the holes, pluck a few gray ears of wheat, dust the dust at the mouth of the hole, gently pat the ground with your hands, and say while patting: Wheat dog, wheat dog, hurry up and eat soup, eat some wine, eat some vegetables, move when you come out, and move if you don't come out. After a while, on the wheat mangs and small garlic leaves, black wheat dogs were brought out by 扚 (diǎo, tila).
10. Fishing for yellow eels. When I was a child, pesticides were rarely used in the rice fields, and as soon as the rice fields opened, the yellow eels that were dormant in the ground began to burrow and inhabit the ridges, and even came out of the holes to hunt at night. As long as the rice fields are irrigated, you can always catch a lot of yellow eels. The eel clip used to catch yellow eel is a serrated clip made of bamboo chips. At night, the yellow eel wanders in the water, illuminates it with a flashlight, and then grabs it with a light clip. The hook used to catch the yellow eel is sharpened with the steel wire of the bicycle wheel or umbrella bone and then burned and bent, and after putting on the earthworm, it gently twitches at the mouth of the yellow eel, and the yellow eel will be hooked after a while.
11. Fishing for cauliflower eels. When the rape flowers bloom, spring is in full bloom, and it is also the season for the eels in the ditch to swim and mate. At dusk in this season, use the lead hook to string the earthworm, go down to the ditch, the eel is the easiest to take the bait, Chongming is called throwing the eel, there will be a lot of harvest in one night.
12. Fishing. Childhood fishing is the most primitive. With a sewing needle, called a lead in Chongming dialect, put it on a kerosene lamp to burn a red hook, it becomes a fishing hook, wear the line, tie it to a small bamboo pole or reed stalk, it becomes the simplest fishing rod. Dig a little earthworm and it becomes a natural bait. Children will make their own fishing tackle and find bait. A group of children gathered at the edge of the ditch, trout, McClippers, small crucian carp or something, they would be hooked at any time. If someone catches a larger crucian carp or a small carp, everyone will be ecstatic.
13. Fishing for blackfish, which is the easiest and most fun way to catch fish. Back then, there were many blackfish in the ditch. This fish is ferocious and feeds on small fish. In early summer, when blackfish spawn, the eggs are usually laid on the weeds. During spawning and hatching juveniles, the old black fish is surrounded by black fish filament, for fear that other organisms will prey on the eggs or fry. At this time, tie the fishing hook with a hair ball or a small field chicken, and gently shake the water surface by the fish eggs or fry with the hook, and the old black fish mistakenly thinks that it is attacked and jumps up to bite the hook, and a black fish weighing two or three catties will easily take the bait. The black fish is still relatively stupid, among the male and female black fish, one is fished, and the other will be hooked.
14. Crab fishing. After autumn, the weather is cooler, there are fewer people touching crabs, and more people fishing for crabs. Fishing rods for crabs, with reed stalks and thin bamboo rods can be, tie a two-foot-long shoe bottom line on the rod, tie a section of field chicken or yellow eel meat on the line as bait, insert the rod into the edge of the ditch foot, start from 20 minutes, and there are generally crabs on the rod. When the rod is lifted, the crab is still eating the bait, and when it is about to be brought to the surface of the water, it is copied with a basin, and there will be an old hairy crab. There are also crabs to use crabs, bend two bamboo pieces of about 80 centimeters into a semi-circular bamboo ring, cross and fix, pocket a 40 centimeters square mesh under the net, tie the bait in the net, install a rope on the crab dumpling, tie a float, use a bamboo pole to install a hook, when the crab eats the bait, the crab hook out can be caught.
15. Row crab. Make a net bag, open an opening in the front part of the net bag, face the bottom of the river, install iron feet on the edge of the mouth, install a crossbar in the front and upper part of the net bag, tie the trawl rope to the crossbar, and the net is done. Children with great strength use nets to remove crabs. During the crab flood, if you line up by the river for an hour, you will definitely get dozens of crabs.
16. Listen to crabs. Folk proverb: West wind is cool (the word "cool", the same as "province", the meaning of blowing), crab feet itch. It means that in autumn and winter, when the northwest wind blows, the crabs will migrate to the big river to the Yangtze River. At this time, crabs often climb up at night by the sluice gates, by the foil that blocks fish and shrimp, and even by the embankment that holds back the water. When the crab climbs, it makes a "chirp, chirp" sound, which is the sound of spitting bubbles when it breathes. At this time, you can use a water and electricity torch to shine on it, and you can catch it accurately. The foil side of the sluice gate is the best place to listen to crabs, and the friends have laid sacks there very early in order to grab a good position. Sometimes, in order to occupy a good position, they will fight with each other.
17. Small cooking rice. During the autumn harvest season, the autumn crops in the fields are harvested, and the children are busy picking up ears of rice and soybeans in the harvested fields. After picking up the soybeans, I played the game of cooking rice. Everyone dug a stove hole on the ridge, set up a small iron pot or a small iron basin, brought firewood, fried soybeans in the small iron pot, and the soybeans of the picnic were fried black and fragrant, and everyone was particularly energetic to eat.
The vast world of the countryside provides a broad stage for children to play. And the ordinary kinds of play, so that the children found a variety of natural wild fun, leaving a lot of indelible childhood memories.
The 74 plays in the above six aspects are the general entertainment items of our generation in childhood. Limited to personal knowledge, the actual entertainment is more than that. With the passage of time, few of these amusement projects have survived to the present day, and most of them no longer exist. If they are not collected, many projects will be permanently lost to history. Compared with today's children, the playground of our childhood is very broad! Life is like a dream, and in a few decades, we have all become rare people. Reminiscing about the past, the fun of childhood still comes to mind clearly. The passing years are bitter, but the innocence and childlike joy that ripple in my heart are unforgettable. "Share hardships, find joy in suffering, endure suffering, be happy and forget suffering. "This is a true portrayal of the childhood life of our generation. It is this bittersweet companionship that makes us find the joy of childhood and finish the drama of childhood fun.
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