More than a century ago, the phenomenon of electromagnetism was discovered
This kind of thing can't be seen or touched
But it does exist
Unlike wired electricity, no wires are required to utilize it
For this reason, the electromagnetic waves that are used are called radios
Radio waves are everywhere in our lives
Our mobile phones, radios, and radars are all inseparable from it.
Is there any way to intuitively feel its presence?
Let's do it with the editor
Let's recreate the classic Hertz experiment!
Experimental equipment
Tin foil, wire, soft iron wire, two iron nails, light-emitting diode or small light bulb, electronic lighter in the lighter, and the marked cup
Experimental Procedure
Step 1:
Connect the electronic lighter removed from the lighter to two iron nails with wires, and fix the iron nails on the bracket so that the two tips are facing each other. (Tips: You can use a ready-made shelf, or you can use a wooden stick and foam box to DIY a simple small bracket like Xiaobian~)
Adjust the distance between the two tips so that the tips are very close together but not touching. When the spacing of the nails is adjusted to press the lighter, you will see a crackling electric spark on the tip of the nail.
Step 2:
Tie a section of iron wire to the tail of the two nails, and then cover the wire with tin foil as a transmitting antenna.
Step 3:
Similarly, connect the two ends of the light-emitting diode to the wire, straighten the wire horizontally, parallel to the foil, and place it close to the foil.
Step 4:
Pressing the lighter, it was found that the light-emitting diode was also lit at the same time as the electric spark was observed. (If the light is too strong, you can turn off the lights and close the curtains for easy observation~)
Use another white light-emitting diode and look at it from a different angle. If there is no power connection, why do LEDs emit light and where does the current come from?
Hara explained
This experiment uses common props to reproduce and pay tribute to the famous Hertz experiment in the history of physics. The Hertz experiment confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves.
Hertz's experimental equipment丨Image source network
Our installation is divided into two parts, the first part is made up of the lighter's lighter as an electric spark generator, connected by an iron nail to two pieces of tin foil as a transmitting antenna. The second part is a receiver, not far from the generator, consisting of two wires to form a receiving antenna, connected to a diode. When the lighter is discharged, the electric charge oscillates between the nails through an electric spark with a frequency of up to millions, and electromagnetic waves are generated. Electromagnetic waves are amplified by the transmitting antenna and then received at the receiving antenna, generating an induced voltage at both ends of the diode, which causes the light-emitting diode to emit light.
Hertz's discovery was epoch-making, not only confirming Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism, but also paving the way for the development of radio, television, and radar. At that time, it was Hertz that verified the existence of electromagnetic waves, so electromagnetic waves were directly called "Hertz waves", and it was not until many years later that they were renamed "electromagnetic waves".
The internal structure of the lighter lighter丨Image source network
In fact, this is due to the generation of piezoelectric ceramics, when pressing the electronic lighter to apply external pressure to the piezoelectric ceramics, the two ends of the piezoelectric ceramics will instantly generate tens of thousands of volts of high voltage, which will form an electric spark at the tip, thus igniting the flame. However, because it is an instantaneous discharge, it will not cause harm to the human body, and will only make you feel a little crispy and numb.
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