Promote the healthy development of the new rural collective economy

Original title: Promote the healthy development of the new rural collective economy

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China focused on comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and proposed to "develop a new type of rural collective economy". Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee has attached great importance to doing a good job in the "three rural" work, steadily promoted the reform of the rural collective property rights system, developed a new type of rural collective economy, promoted the steady increase of farmers' property income, and effectively promoted the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas and the coordinated development of urban and rural areas.

The new type of rural collective economy is an economic form in which collective members make use of the resources owned by the collective and achieve common development through cooperation or association, and is an important form of socialist public-owned economy. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Accelerate the construction of a modern rural industrial system, develop a new type of rural collective economy, in-depth implementation of rural construction actions, and promote common prosperity." "Vigorously developing a new type of collective economy is an important strategic measure to promote common prosperity in rural areas, and we must explore diversified ways to promote the healthy development of the new rural collective economy and add impetus and vitality to the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization.

This year's No. 1 document of the central government proposes to "encourage practical exploration and institutional innovation in all localities, strengthen the integration and efficiency of reform measures, and stimulate the vitality of rural revitalization" and "deepen the reform of the rural collective property rights system and promote the healthy development of the new rural collective economy". Strengthening institutional innovation is not only a summary of the experience of the sustained development of the mainland's rural collective economy since the reform and opening up, but also an important guarantee for the healthy development of the new rural collective economy in the new era. Compared with the traditional rural collective economy, the new rural collective economy should accelerate reform and innovation in the basic management system, property rights system, benefit distribution and grassroots governance, so as to promote the accelerated development of rural productive forces, comprehensively promote rural revitalization, and lay a solid agricultural foundation for promoting Chinese-style modernization.

We should speed up the innovation of the management system and add vitality to the healthy development of the new rural collective economy

The development of a new type of rural collective economy is a major institutional innovation in the development of the mainland's rural economy in the new era. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Consolidate and improve the basic rural management system and take the road of common prosperity." "The basic rural management system is the institutional foundation of rural revitalization. The basic management system of the rural collective economy on the mainland is a two-tier management system based on household contract management and combining centralization and decentralization. To reform and improve the basic rural management system, it is necessary to give full play to the advantages and functions of the new rural collective economy, better protect and realize the rights and interests of peasant households in contracted management, explore ways and means to solve the problem of fragmentation of contracted land, and solve the problem of "two skins" in a unified manner. First of all, it is necessary to take the relationship between peasants and land as the main line, and constantly give new connotations to the system of combining centralization, decentralization, and management. Enhance the momentum of development, explore the "three powers" separation model, actively build a new agricultural management system dominated by unified management at the collective level, respond to the needs of market-oriented and large-scale development, strengthen the service function of rural collective economic organizations, develop moderate-scale operations, guide small farmers and modern agriculture to connect organically, and continuously expand the strength of the new rural collective economy. Second, it is necessary to persist in taking the protection of peasants' rights and interests in accordance with the law as the starting point and the end goal, unswervingly uphold the system of collective ownership of rural land by peasants, unswervingly uphold the basic status of household contract management, do a good job in demonstrating and guiding the circulation of land contract management rights, standardize the circulation of rural land management rights, and ensure that the interests of farmers are protected.

We should speed up the innovation of the property rights system and increase the impetus for the healthy development of the new rural collective economy

The so-called new type of rural collective economy refers to an economic form with clear property rights relations, clear member boundaries, reasonable governance mechanisms and benefit-sharing mechanisms, and the implementation of equal consultation, democratic management and benefit sharing within the scope of rural areas, with farmers as the main body and relevant stakeholders through alliance and cooperation. The reform of the property rights system is an intrinsic requirement for stimulating the vitality of agricultural and rural development, and is an important task for protecting peasants' property and achieving common prosperity. In 2016, the mainland proposed to gradually build a socialist rural collective property rights system with Chinese characteristics with clear ownership, complete powers, smooth circulation and strict protection. When the phased task of the reform of the rural collective property rights system is basically completed, the No. 1 document of the Central Committee in 2022 and 2023 has put forward the policy opinions of "consolidating and improving the achievements of the reform of the rural collective property rights system". Through the reform of the property rights system such as asset clearance and capital verification, equity quantification, and confirmation of organizational membership, the rural collective economy has achieved outstanding results in "clear ownership", but it is still necessary to accelerate the reform tasks of "complete power" and "smooth circulation". First of all, it is necessary to enhance the "hematopoietic function" of the development of the new rural collective economy itself. Enhance the service competitiveness of the new rural collective economy in protecting national food security and cultivating rural characteristic industries, and actively explore the operation mechanism of the new rural collective economy in terms of resource contracting, property leasing, intermediary services and asset participation based on rural natural conditions, resource endowments and industrial foundations. Second, it is necessary to break down the institutional obstacles that affect the smooth flow of resource elements and protect the rights of members of rural collective economic organizations. Promote the rational flow and optimal allocation of various factors of production between urban and rural areas, improve the market utilization efficiency of idle rural assets on the basis of promoting the confirmation of rural land rights, and make efforts to solve the practical difficulties of new-type rural collective economic organizations in the production and operation of asset mortgages and financing, and establish equal competition conditions with other economic entities.

Accelerate the innovation of the distribution system and realize the sharing of benefits of the new rural collective economy

The development of a new type of rural collective economy is conducive to raising the income level of peasants and promoting the common prosperity of rural peasants. In December 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized when inspecting and investigating the high-quality "double-high" sugar cane base in Huang'an, National Modern Agricultural Industrial Park: "It is necessary to explore the establishment of a more stable interest linkage mechanism, so that the majority of farmers can share the fruits of rural reform and development." "In view of the problems of the rural collective economic development in the joint agricultural belt agricultural mechanism is not stable enough, and the income distribution gap between regions and groups is large, it is necessary to further consolidate the new rural collective economy and agricultural belt farming mechanism, better play the important role of collective economic organizations, and let more rural households reasonably share the value-added benefits of the whole industrial chain through various forms such as employment-driven, guaranteed dividends, and shareholding cooperation; To create a new type of community of collective economic interests in rural areas, it is necessary to take into account the needs of the state, collectives, and peasants, and adopt different forms of share distribution. For example, Yuanjia Village, Liquan County, Shaanxi Province, has been aiming for common prosperity for many years, adhering to the "traditional collective economy + joint-stock reform" model, and comprehensively using various forms such as equity cooperation to build a sustainable and stable community of interests, so as to drive the surrounding villagers to get rich together.

Accelerate the innovation of governance systems and promote the steady development of a new type of rural collective economy

To develop a new type of rural collective economy, we must take into account the economic and social attributes, and while striving to increase farmers' income, we must continue to innovate the rural governance system and take the road of good rural governance. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, a social governance pattern combining autonomy, rule of law and rule of ethics has been formed at the grassroots level in rural areas. We must continue to improve the grassroots governance system, actively explore the "party branch +" interest connection model, boost the village collective economy, and effectively improve the modernization level of the rural governance system and governance capacity. First of all, it is necessary to improve the leadership mechanism of village party organizations over grassroots organizations such as the new rural collective economy. General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed: "No matter how the rural social structure changes, no matter how various economic and social organizations develop and grow, the leadership of rural grassroots party organizations cannot be shaken, and the role of fighting fortresses cannot be weakened. "It is necessary to continuously enhance the political and organizational functions of grass-roots party organizations, and give full play to the important role of grass-roots party organizations in enhancing the ability of rural collective economic leaders to perform their duties, the ability to cultivate talents within collective economic organizations and the ability to serve new agricultural business entities. Second, improve the risk prevention and control system for the operation of the new rural collective economy. With the continuous improvement of the socialist market economy, the rural collective economy is participating more and more in market economic activities, and strengthening the management and supervision of the rural collectives with the "three capitals" is an important measure to solve the problem of supervision at the grassroots level, rectify the corruption and unhealthy tendencies around the masses, promote the continuous extension of the comprehensive and strict management of the party to the grassroots level, and earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the masses. It is necessary to improve the management system of rural collective funds, assets, and resources, ensure that the system is used to manage power, affairs, and people, standardize management, strengthen supervision, and gradually form a management system and operating mechanism with clear property rights, clear rights and responsibilities, efficient management, democratic management, and proper supervision, so as to promote the development and growth of the collective economy, increase peasants' incomes, and promote sound and rapid economic and social development in the rural areas.

(Jiang Ming, Author's Affiliation: Xi'an University of Technology)

Source: Shaanxi Daily