Four poems of Gu Yu and Peony: Peony breaks the calyx and the cherry is ripe, which is the rainy day of Kao Valley
In the middle of April of the Gregorian calendar, the solar term valley rain is ushered in, which is in the late spring of the traditional spring, the third month of the lunar calendar.
The arrival of the valley rain solar term, indicating that spring has entered the deepest and most luxuriant period, the climate is warm, the spring rain is abundant, and the growth of 100 grains refers to all agricultural crops in ancient times, including grasses grains, root crops and vegetables. At this time, the mountains and rivers are beautiful, the green is full of fields, everything is bright and clean, and it is thriving.
Guyu is an important period in agriculture, spring plowing and spring planting, and reaching vigor at this time. The wheat fields in the north are headed, and field management is needed, the peach and plum begin to set fruits, the green leaves are full of shade and branches, and the rice in the south begins to divide the seedlings, taking advantage of the spring rain to irrigate the fields, the paddy fields are planted one after another, and the fruits and vegetables are also the peak season for vigorous growth. At this time, it is the time when the warm and humid air flow of the ocean penetrates deep into the mainland, and the sassy east wind and good rain come, and the abundant rain brings a huge driving force for the growth of all things.
It is said that at this time, the green, fat, red and thin, no longer have the light and gorgeous peach and plum blossoms in mid-spring, that is because you have not gone to the mountains and forests, because there, between the green grass and green trees, there are all kinds of mountain flowers, more lush and gorgeous, such as rhododendrons, wild roses, and unknown swaying flowers.
A peony is a mountain flower. This is probably beyond the perception of many people. Usually the peony we see is in the garden and courtyard of the plain, with its gorgeous and vigorous flowers, rich and calm attitude, it is very popular and loved. Many people, like me, think that peony is a flower tree in the Jiangnan Plain. However, peony, its original species, is indeed a wild mountain flower, growing in the Yellow River basin and the Yangtze River basin between the mountains and valleys, blooming in the late spring valley rain, as if it is a late awakening girl, open your eyes to see the green of the mountains and rivers, and show a bright smile to the farmers who work hard in the mountains.
The history of Chinese understanding and using peony is really long. Shennong's herb has peony, saying that the skin and rhizome of peony smell spicy, but cold and bitter taste, can treat the heat in the body, skin sores and swelling. There is also a saying that people used peony, as far as the Yellow Emperor period, Shennong and Qibo, they used it to cure diseases.
The name of peony should be named after rhizome medicine at the earliest, peony, refers to this shrub, similar to the mother, can be continuously propagated by rhizomes, Dan, refers to, the medicinal part of the trunk bark, outside Dan and white inside. The deer leek and rat aunt should be the common name of the ancient mountain people for the peony, because in the temperate jungle with many deer, there are often deer who eat the young leaves of the peony, and the mountain where the peony grows has many mouse nests.
In the unearthed Han Dynasty calligraphy, there is a clear record of peony treating blood stasis.
Wu Pu, a medicine scientist during the Three Kingdoms period, said that the rhizome of peony makes people light for a long time.
Tao Hongjing, a medical scientist in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, said that peonies have also been found in the mountains in the east, and the red peony is the best for medicinal purposes.
The earliest use of peony is the northern Central Plains, because in the northern mountains of Luoyang, Chang'an, there is this kind of wild peony, to the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Tao Hongjing should have discovered the Yangtze River basin in the south of the Yangtze River, there are also wild peonies.
This proves that peony is a wild and frequent herb plant from China.
Contemporary scientists have confirmed that peony originated in China, and there are nine wild original varieties, distributed in Tibet, Sichuan, Henan, Hubei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu and other places.
Peony was originally medicinal, during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, began to enter the garden artificial cultivation, at the beginning, it was also to take its medicinal value, because of that period, the lack of modern medicine, people relied on planting herbs to deal with the diseases of the four seasons.
With the peony under the artificial management in the plain area, the growth situation is good, and the flowers are gorgeous, the peony aesthetic was born, and people use the hybrid grafting method to obtain more beautiful and complex peony flowers.
In the Tang and Song dynasties, the peony aesthetic reached an unprecedented peak, becoming the "national flower" of the Tang Dynasty and the rich flower of the Song Dynasty.
Peony flowers are loved, of course, not only for flowering, but also for their medicinal properties.
The pre-Qin dynasty used the herb fragrant flowers extensively to prevent disease and plague. In the pre-Qin period, it was popular to bathe in the river in late spring and March with age-appropriate fragrant flowers to pray for blessings and get rid of diseases.
In view of the fact that at that time, the mountain rivers should be in full bloom with seasonal peonies and peonies similar to peonies, so many experts believe that the peonies here should also include peonies. Peony also has the name of wood peony.
Washing hands with the juice of orchid peony and peony flowers and placing the flowers on the head by the river is a ritual, a practical custom, and a pretty aesthetic.
In the Tang Dynasty, on March 3, it was still popular to collect peonies and wear peonies. The farmland near the capital is also planted with peony flowers, which is to meet the festival needs of the city. However, the royal family is more unconventional, using peonies instead of peonies.
This is the reason why Yang Guifei admired the peony flowers in the late spring evening of the Agarwood Pavilion and was praised by Li Bai with poems. Because compared with peonies, peonies are woody, have a longer growth cycle, and are more difficult to plant, and they are not peony flowers that ordinary people can buy all over the street for a little money.
However, because the prosperous Tang Ming Emperor and Yang Guifei brought the Tang Dynasty people a prosperous attachment and a desire for national peace, after the Tang Dynasty, the aesthetics of peony flowers quickly improved in Luoyang, Chang'an.
In the Tang Dynasty, the peony flower of Luoyang, Chang'an, became a grand reward, when the flowers were not much in late spring, the peony was rich and beautiful, vigorous and splendid to attract countless people to watch, Liu Yuxi has "only the peony is true to the national color, and the flower blooms when the city is moving".
And in the late Tang Dynasty, then the peony of every family, the road is full of flowers, crushing the ditches and paths, although the good variety, a hundred gold, but the peony flowers bloom everywhere in Chang'an and Luoyang.
The valley rain solar term is a period of spring green beauty in China's agricultural society, symbolizing prosperity, and the peony at this time is more entrusting and expressing the beauty of people's flowers and wealth, national fortune and prosperity, and eternal prosperity. Green is the background color of prosperity, red is the national color of prosperity, how can people not like it?
"Gu Yu washed the fiber and cut it into white peony.
The fragrance is open and the jade is closed, and the silver plate is lightly powdered.
The dawn is dewy and wet, and the night is cold and the moon is cold.
The family put on light makeup and leaned on Zhu Liang speechlessly. "Don · Wang Zhenbai "White Peony"
In fact, Peony and Gu Yu were officially contacted in the late Tang Dynasty.
Spring is coming to an end, and the grand late spring rain has moistened and bloomed beautiful peonies. Peony appreciation has also gradually penetrated into the homely and life situation from the carnival of outdoor viewing in late spring.
Outside the window is the rain of the valley rain season, and the sky and earth are shrouded in the greenery and seclusion of late spring.
But in the family, a white peony tree is in full bloom. That kind of smooth and smooth stretch, as if like a bright moon.
But when the poet thinks about it, he uses a very good and gentle description.
This peony is like my wife, in the drizzle and evening breeze of spring twilight, fresh, lightly leaning on the railing, gentle, atmospheric, fresh, homely, never get tired of looking at it.
This is the peony with the spring rain, its arrival, telling the green of the heaven and earth, this is Wangfu's wife, her existence, is the gentleness and fullness of home and heart.
"It's a rainy day in Kao Valley, and this is a wine with you.
The balcony has been in a frightening dream for a few days, and the country has been silent for many years.
But you have to leave a conjunction to get drunk, and it's hard to avoid the noise of bees.
Since the Biaojin lost the first move, I am ashamed to see the demon red as the champion. Northern Song · Han Qi "Peony in the North"
After the Song Dynasty, more attention was paid to solar terms and agriculture, and the cultivation of flowers was more developed than in the Tang Dynasty.
The peony then became the flower of the solar term of the valley rain.
At this time in late spring, there is more green and less red, but the peony has a unique charm, with huge flowers, highlighting the beauty of late spring, smoke and rain in late spring, and beautiful flowers bloom.
Peony is known as the king of flowers, on the one hand, the flower plate is huge, on the other hand, it is also a gorgeous flower, and all kinds of flowers are difficult to compare with that posture. But the Kao here is a compound meaning, referring to the peony is the Kao, and it also refers to the peony in full bloom, occupying the beauty of the flowers of the Guyu solar term.
It is the valley rain solar term when the peony flowers are in full bloom, and I am here to take the wine to watch the flowers.
You are the fairy flower of my dreams, and when I see you, it is as if I have seen the beauty of Mrs. Xiguo, so beautiful that people are speechless, and they can only be silent. I can only drink with everyone and quietly watch your flowers bloom and the butterflies entangle.
What do you want to ask me what I think? That is, I was originally the champion, but I was unlucky, and lost the throne of the champion, and now I see you, the peony, the sole leader here, the champion in the flower, the envy and jealousy in my heart.
So the peony is given the reputation of the best and the first.
Who doesn't want to be the winner of life, the peony flower of life and career?
"Gu Yu is like silk and dust, and the floating wax in the boiling bottle is trying something new.
The peony is broken and the calyx cherry is ripe, and the flowers are not allowed to fly but the spring. Southern Song Dynasty · Fan Chengda, "Four Seasons Pastoral Miscellaneous Sixty Songs, Its Twenty-one"
The peony blooms in the rainy season of the valley in late spring, and the good rain that moistens the hundred grains is like silk and dust, and also moistens the peony with buds and half-open.
In the farmhouse, there is a moment of leisurely time in such a season, and when you are not out to work, you can cook sake in the courtyard.
Although it is late spring and thousands of flowers are withering, the peony is different, and the curtain call of people is its beginning.
Peony does not compete with a hundred flowers, just to protect the verdant late spring. From the rural history of peony flowers, it is really not a rich flower, it is a farm flower, and a green field.
In the rainy season, the cherries are first ripe, and the peonies are in full bloom.
She is here to extend the spring, or rather, she loves the farmland and green fields, bringing people the eternal joy and comfort of spring.
Fan Chengda's peony is a transplanted home-style peony, but it maintains the wanton wild beauty of peony flowers, reflecting the pastoral scenery, which is different and charming.
"Such a scenery is not returned, and the rain in the valley is fragrant.
The east wind enters the peony heat, and the river water reaches the door anchovy fat. "From the end of the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China · Yang Qi "March Evening Passes the Zhending Army Sending Home Letters"
Hebei is one of the hometowns of peonies, and in Yi County, Sui Dynasty, Emperor Yang of Sui paid tribute to 20 boxes of local peonies here.
Therefore, there has been a tradition of growing peonies here since ancient times. Then Yang Qi himself is a Chang acquaintance in Jiangsu, and he happened to spend it in Hebei in March this year, and saw the mountains and peonies blooming here.
But there are peonies in Hebei, there are also in the south of the Yangtze River, and the Yangshan peony in the south of the Yangtze River is a famous Chinese medicinal material, the south of the Yangtze River is abundant, the rain is abundant, and the cultivated peonies are more luxuriant, and there are more varieties.
Yang Qi couldn't help but miss his hometown.
The late spring in Hebei is so beautiful, but my hometown, in the rainy season, is even better.
The spring breeze blew into the courtyard, blowing the peony flowers in the south of the Yangtze River, and the door was a belt of spring water, and the anchovies were fresh and fat.
The valley rain solar term, peony flowers in the north and south are in full bloom.
Peony Valley rainy day, look at peony, don't forget the history of peony, it is not only a rich flower, but also a flower of the mountains. It is the vast natural mountains and wilderness, the spring breeze and valley rain, which nourishes the peony rich in medicinal value, and it is the eagerness of people to love it, resulting in cultivation and grand aesthetics.
The existence of the flower of prosperity has always reminded people not to forget their roots. At the same time of development and prosperity, we should take care of the mountains and forests, so that the peony will guard the mountains and forests in late spring and spread forever.
Hatsui Katsuyuki interprets the love and beauty in the poems for you. #谷雨#