Thyroid diseases include thyroid nodules, simple goiter, thyroid malignant tumors, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, etc., with the attention to health examination in recent years, the detection rate of thyroid diseases is getting higher and higher, how to eat for patients with thyroid diseases, how to eat to be scientific and healthy, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College) experts from the Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology to popularize the health knowledge of thyroid diseases from the perspective of scientific diet.
Dietary recommendations for various thyroid disorders
1. Hyperthyroidism (avoid iodine diet)
Patients with hyperthyroidism are prominently characterized by hypermetabolic syndrome and hyperactivity. It belongs to the types of "fiery" and "impotence" classified in traditional Chinese medicine.
(1) The diet should be supplemented with calories and nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and B vitamins;
(2) Eating peanuts and their products has the effect of inhibiting the synthesis of thyroxine. Traditional Chinese medicines such as Suzi, white mustard seed, and rapeseed have similar effects;
(3) According to the clinical syndrome differentiation, it is advisable to eat the following foods: watermelon, beans, celery, goldenrod and other cool foods, fungus, lily, mulberry, wolfberry, soft-shelled turtle, duck and other yin-nourishing foods, yam, gourd, jujube and other spleen-strengthening foods;
(4) Avoid hot or irritating foods such as chili, ginger, mutton, strong tea, and strong coffee.
2. Hypothyroidism (iodine-appropriate diet)
Hypothyroidism shows the manifestations of insufficient metabolism of the body, such as fatigue, drowsiness, indifference, listlessness, etc., which belongs to the traditional Chinese medicine classification of "qi deficiency", "yang deficiency", "yin and yang deficiency" and other manifestations.
(1) Most of this disease is a traditional Chinese medicine yang deficiency syndrome, and it is advisable to eat products that nourish the kidney and warm yang, such as animal kidney, mutton, sparrow meat, dog meat, finch eggs, fish bladder, sea cucumber, shrimp, prawn, gourd, leek, yam, walnut meat, wolfberry, etc.
(2) Strengthen the replenishment of amino acids and protein intake.
(3) Avoid eating cold, raw and cold food, and avoid eating cabbage, rape, cabbage, cassava, walnuts, etc., so as to avoid goiter;
(4) Limit high fat: edible oil, peanuts, walnuts, almonds, sesame paste, ham, pork belly, cheese, etc., and limit cholesterol-rich foods such as animal brains, offal, etc.
3. Thyroiditis (low iodine diet)
(1) Acute purulent thyroiditis. Most of them are yang, empirical, and heaty, and the diet should be based on light and low-oil foods, and it is advisable to eat more fiber-rich foods. It is advisable to drink more water or drinks to help clear away heat and detoxify. Avoid spicy and fishy hair, and eat less sweet and greasy food.
(2) Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. If there is a manifestation of hyperthyroidism, refer to hyperthyroidism for dietary care, and if hypothyroidism is present, refer to hypothyroidism for dietary care. It is advisable to eat products that nourish the kidneys and warm yang.
4. Goiter (iodine-appropriate diet)
Goiters include simple goiter, endemic goiter, and hyperiodine goiter. Dietary iodine deficiency has the greatest impact on the incidence of endemic goiter, after the liberation of the mainland to strengthen the management of salt, in the last century because of the lack of iodine intake of the common people, the incidence of endemic goiter is extremely high, in order to prevent insufficient iodine intake, the mainland popularized iodized salt, the average iodine content of iodized salt is about 2000-3000ug per 100g. At present, the state does not force the addition of iodine to salt, so both iodized salt and non-iodized salt can be bought. By adding a certain proportion of iodine to table salt, endemic iodine-deficient goiter has been basically eliminated.
In some coastal areas where iodine is abundant in the natural environment, there are also many patients with goiter, and the reason is not iodine deficiency, but due to eating iodine-rich seafood or drinking iodine-rich water, the body will take in too much iodine, thereby hindering the organic process of iodine in the thyroid gland and resulting in goiter. Therefore, this goiter is called a high-iodine goiter. This type of goiter cannot be prevented with iodine. Foods containing a lot of iodine generally include various types of seafood such as kelp, seaweed, marine fish, and jellyfish skin.
2. Iodine content in common foods
Iodine is an important element in the synthesis of thyroxine, and excessive or insufficient intake can lead to thyroid disease.
1. High-iodine foods: Seaweeds such as kelp, seaweed, and wakame are the foods with the highest iodine content in the seafood family, with an iodine content of up to 36,240ug per 100g of dried kelp, ranking first in the list of high-iodine foods. The iodine content of shrimp skin, sea shrimp and dried shrimp is slightly lower, and the iodine content in chicken essence is also very high, about 766ug of iodine per 100g. The sea shellfish family contains about 346ug of iodine per 100g of mussels.
2. Processed food or pickled food: including ham, salted fish, bacon, sausage, dried tofu or canned food, etc., generally add a large amount of iodized salt, such as about 166.6ug iodine per 100g shrimp paste, and marine fish is the lowest iodine content in the entire seafood family, 100g of small yellow croaker contains 5.8ug of iodine, 100g of hairtail fish only contains 5.5ug of iodine, and salmon, mackerel iodine content is almost the same as freshwater fish, and even lower than the iodine content of eggs and meat.
3. Cruciferous vegetables: In addition to broccoli, there are cauliflower, Chinese cabbage, bok choy, mustard greens, camellia, arugula, radish cabbage, greens, rape, cabbage, kale, watercress, snow red, kohlrabi, etc., including most of the common vegetables. Some patients have heard that cruciferous vegetables can not be eaten with thyroid disease, in fact, there are studies that show that cruciferous vegetables can inhibit the absorption of iodine by the thyroid gland, so that thyroid hormone production is impaired, only for long-term iodine or low iodine diet, people living in iodine-deficient areas or patients who are ready to undergo iodine 131 treatment have an adverse effect, other thyroid diseases are not affected, everyone can eat normally.
Expert presentation
Dr. Zheng Zhi
Chief TCM Physician
Doctoral supervisor
Head of the flagship hospital of TCM synergy
Specialty: He has rich clinical experience in immune regulation of traditional Chinese medicine, anti-aging of traditional Chinese medicine, blood diseases of traditional Chinese medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for tumors (lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, etc.), and reversal treatment of tumor drug resistance.
Dr. Weihua Zhang
Chief physician
Master's supervisor
Director of the Department of Oncology of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
Specialty: Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, immunotherapy and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for various malignant tumors. His main research direction is individualized precision treatment of lung cancer.
Wang Ting
Deputy Chief Physician
Master of Oncology
Specialties: comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, breast and ovarian cancer, chemotherapy-resistant integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment, immunology and targeted therapy, diagnosis, biopsy and treatment of complex and difficult lung nodules, and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine tumor GCP.
Mao Lihua
Graduate
Deputy Chief Physician
Specialty: The use of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine methods to treat various common and frequent diseases in anorectal medicine, such as hemorrhoids, fistulas, fissures, perianal abscesses, rectal prolapse, inflammatory bowel disease, constipation, anorectal neurosis, colorectal polyps and tumors.
Author: Guo Chunyuan, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital
Correspondent: Le Xiwen Luo Shan
Editor: Huang Menglin
Reviewer: Xie Tao
Issued: Daley Red
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