The noisy city makes people feel depressed and irritable, but the quiet mountains and forests make people feel comfortable. Walking leisurely along the bamboo forest path, the fresh mountain breeze is not cold, the golden sun is warm and warm, the fragrance of wild flowers mixed with the smell of the earth makes people feel refreshed, and the sound of pine waves, streams, birdsong and laughter also seems to merge into a pleasant symphony.
Standing on the top of the mountain, looking around, the rocks are steep, the peaks are winding, the pines are upright, the sea of clouds is churning, and there are brilliant colorful glows and birds spreading their wings, everything seems silent and harmonious, and the literati and artists who climbed the mountains are full of poetry. The following shares Fan Chengda's climb to Heng Mountain, inscribed a poem of seven laws, a metaphorical image of the jaw couplet, and the ending is even more lingering.
Step into Hengshan
Southern Song · Fan Chengda
There should be someone living across the stream, and the green yin pavilion smells the chicken at noon.
The pine roots are thin, and the bamboo shoots are all over the mountain and the phoenix tails are together.
The ink-dyed deep clouds are like miasma, and the silk comes from a light rain that does not become mud.
There is no riding to chase each other, and the horses are idle and believe in the horseshoe.
Fan Chengda, whose name is Zhineng, is known as Shihu Jushi, born in Wu County (now Suzhou), and served as an official to participate in political affairs. In his later years, the poet lived in seclusion in Shihu in Wu County, and devoted himself to creation without asking about the affairs of the court. Fan Chengda's idyllic achievements are remarkable, comparable to Tao Yuanming, a Gaoshi in the Jin Dynasty.
Many of his works depict rural life and vividly depict beautiful pastoral pictures. This poem was written during the poet's tenure from Wu County to Guilin, when the poet, who was nearly 50 years old, passed by Nanyue Hengshan and climbed the mountain by the way.
The gist of the poem is that at noon, the crowing of roosters can be faintly heard in the depths of the greenery, and the poet speculates that there may be people living on the other side of the stream. The pine roots of the road are like thin and hard dragon tendons, and the bamboo shoots all over the mountains are like neat phoenix tails.
The dark clouds on the mountainside were like ink and miasma, and the drizzle was silky, and the mountain did not look muddy and difficult to walk. Although there is no noisy drum music and honor guard at this moment, the poet can trust the reins and play leisurely.
Hengshan is located in the territory of Hunan, the terrain is precipitous, there are 72 peaks on the mountain, among which the five peaks such as Zhurong and Tianzhu are the most famous. Tourists from all over the world flocked to the world, and Fan Chengda also climbed the dangerous peak with great interest. The poet did not sit in a sedan chair or take a guard, he wore light clothes and followed the crowd of climbers, leisurely watching the scenery while chatting freely with the crowd.
The opening is an inverted syntax, expressing the writer's feelings of entering the mountain. At noon, because of the vegetation in the mountains, although the noon sun is very dazzling, but because of the green shade, the poet does not feel the heat at all. The sound of roosters crows reflects the quietness in the mountains and forests, and the so-called birdsong mountains are even more secluded. Because of the clear stream, tall trees and clouds obstructing the view, the poet guessed that "there should be a house to live in" not far away. This sentence not only leaves the reader room for reverie, but also shows that the poet has a surprise in his heart.
"The pine roots are thin on the road, and the bamboo shoots are all over the mountains and the phoenix tails are together", these two sentences describe the scenery in the mountains and forests. Deep in the mountains are pine and cypress and bamboo forests. Ancient pine trees stand tall and their roots of different thicknesses are exposed to the surface, and after a mountain rain, new bamboo shoots emerge all over the mountains, flourishing neatly. The author uses "dragon tendons and phoenix tails" as a metaphor, and modifies them with the words "thin and qi", showing the author's superb ability to express himself.
The neck couplet transcribed the weather changes in the mountains, "The ink dyes the deep clouds like miasma, and the silk comes from the light rain and does not become mud." "Thick clouds like ink, light rain like silk, the weather changes frequently in the mountains and forests, the sky is clear, suddenly the dark clouds are thick, the mountain rain continues, although people are caught off guard, but the poet is not panicked. The light rain fell to the ground, and the mountain road was moist and mudless, which did not affect the people to walk forward slowly, not to mention that the poet also seemed to want to emulate Mr. Dongpo, "Bamboo canes and mango shoes are lighter than horses, and a cloud of smoke and rain is Ren Pingsheng." ”
The ending is even more lingering, "There is no riding to blow and chase each other, and the rest of the horse hoof." "Riding and blowing refers to the attendants riding on horses and playing musical instruments when officials go out; The poet does not like the noisy atmosphere, but prefers to wander alone in the woods, not only to empty himself, but also to enjoy himself with the people.
Fan Chengda's poem is fresh and natural, with a leisurely and elegant artistic conception, which depicts what the author saw and heard when he ascended Hengshan, and expressed the poet's tranquil state of mind. As a court official, the author did not let people brag on the road, but dressed lightly and simply, idlely believed in horses, showing the noble sentiments of talents, and also conveyed a leisurely and selfless state of mind, and more euphemistically revealed the author's boredom with the eunuch journey and his desire for pastoral life.