Soon after the New Year, a friend came to Zheng and prepared to accompany him to Jiaying on the north bank of the Yellow River to watch. After we set the time, I put down the phone, looked at the calendar, and didn't think that the day I had agreed to be the 24th "rain" solar term.
It is also strange to say that on the eve of the upcoming "rain", the weather is still sunny during the day, and in the morning of the arrival of the "rain" solar term. It turned into a light rain, which formed a strong contrast with the temperature of more than 20 degrees a few days ago. While I am amazed at the accuracy of our "rain" weather forecast, I also sigh that we can still enjoy the solar term dividends of thousands of years of agricultural civilization today.
The 24 solar terms are mainly aimed at the Yellow River Basin, which is the crystallization of the wisdom of the agricultural civilization in the basin after constantly learning nature and summarizing the laws of nature. The summary of the trade-offs summed up the 24 lunar solar terms of the year, which was used to guide the agriculture of the Central Plains and the lives of the people engaged in agricultural production, and then as the yin and yang culture intervened in a larger range of political culture, the background color of the cradle of Chinese culture was included in the content of one of the four ancient civilizations in the world and shined.
When I came to Jiaying Temple, the wind stopped and the rain stopped, and I stopped for a long time when I stood in front of the mountain gate.
From Kangxi to Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty, the Yellow River broke five times, and the danger was full of dangers. Looking at the river like a line, it was overwhelming in an instant. Caught off guard, people saw the terrible water situation of the Yellow River and the helplessness of losing their homes.
Yongzheng, who had come to Wuzhi to participate in the flood control and sacrificed the Yellow River god four times, allocated 2.88 million taels of silver, covering an area of about 890 acres, and took the Qing Dynasty's "Engineering Practice Rules" as the building standard, and created the largest and most authoritative Yellow River management command center in the Yellow River Basin here. Emperor Yongzheng combined the river administration, the Taoist government office and the Yellow River river god into one, and built a collection of palaces, temples and health departments of the trinity of the power organization, for which the Yongzheng Emperor personally inscribed a plaque - Jiaying concept.
In the fourth year of Yongzheng, (1725 AD), this Jiaying concept of Taihang Mountain in the north, the Yellow River in the south, facing the south and back to the north, with a broad field of vision and good feng shui, took three years to complete the construction. It was built in the first year of the Yongzheng Dynasty's most financially poor years. Therefore, the construction cost of 2.88 million taels of silver is enough to show Yongzheng's will and determination to govern the river in the new year.
Jiaying view of the mountain door is three rooms wide, two deep, the top of the mountain single eaves construction, under the eaves five steps on the bucket, solemn and solemn, on both sides of the door, the use of mountain shadow wall, and the gatehouse take advantage of each other, the stone lion outside the door is mighty and introverted, the roof is covered with blue glazed tiles, looking from afar, quiet and unassuming, steady and without losing the atmosphere, her overall tone and the surrounding environment are integrated, in the elegance and prestige of the majestic righteousness, revealing the supreme respect for the gods in the courtyard. Wandering outside the door, a sense of awe arises spontaneously.
The mountain gate is one of the material carriers of history and culture, she has precipitated extremely rich historical and cultural connotations, witnessed generations of passers-by in history, and condensed the days and nights of the officials who governed the river......
Beyond the Jiaying View Mountain Gate, a hexagonal heavy eaves, a circular umbrella-shaped pavilion covered with yellow glazed tiles stands on the central axis of Jiaying Temple. In the pavilion, there is a bronze tablet cast in the second year of Yongzheng. There is the imperial book of "Yongzheng Imperial Pen Seal" on it, and the twenty-four solar terms turn into twenty-four green dragons, hovering over the head of the stele and the stele body, and the unicorn of the dragon's head, the ox body, the lion tail, and the eagle's claw are pressed under the stele body.
The unicorn is known as the "river jiao", which is a symbol of the bane of the Yellow River's flooding. Yongzheng hopes to use the power of the "Son of Heaven" and the power of nature to suppress the root of the Yellow River and ensure the tranquility of the river.
Look at the Jiaying view of the inscription, after the completion of the Jiaying view (AD 1727) year, the Yellow River water clarified more than 2,000 miles, lasting more than 20 days, Yongzheng hereby issued an edict, the national officials were promoted to a level.
Walking on the central axis and looking at these buildings in front of her, she is obviously different from the previous ancient buildings in form. The ancient architectural forms here are refined, and then the details and decorations are cumbersome, and the overall form is tough, which is clearly distinguishable from other ancient architectural details in the Yellow River Basin. This kind of "Engineering Practice Rules" that stereotyped and standardized the dimensions of columns, beams, bucket arches and other components is another law on ancient architecture formulated by the Ministry of Industry of the Qing Dynasty after the Northern Song Dynasty's "Construction Style", which is a further strengthening of Confucian etiquette culture in the field of architecture and sacrifice, and it is also the inheritance and innovation of the Northern Song Dynasty's "Construction Method".
These official-style sacrificial buildings set up on the central axis form a great architectural visual contrast with the local architectural groups of the river government office and the Taoist government office of the east and west courtyards, and the "view" as a continuation of Taoism to thank the emperor for his grace, here also shows the relationship between Taoism and imperial power. It is said that this is a river temple, but the inscription of Yongzheng is Jiaying concept. Maybe there may be a festival "fate" with Taoist priests here. After all, Yongzheng is also one of the believers who often eats "pills" and hopes for immortality.
As an important place of worship, the official-style building on the central axis of Jiaying Guan, she has a serious tone and a restrained form, symbolizing the official identity and behavior, but the rigorous, refined, and unforgettable architectural decoration symbols give birth to a profound aesthetic taste and a strong historical and cultural complex. Although Jiaying Concept and Shandong Qufu Confucius Temple, Luoyang Guanlin, Jiyuan Jidu Temple and other traditional ancient sacrificial buildings present different colors in different eras, her temple layout, architectural settings, three-entry courtyard and Confucius Temple, Guanlin, Jidu Temple and other places are no different.
Jiaying Guan, the largest official-style river temple in the Yellow River Basin, imitates the imperial power idea of the Forbidden City design and architecture, reflects the Qing government's attitude of attaching importance to the flooding of the Yellow River, and uses this architecture to show future generations, they are as diligent as the dynasties of the Central Plains regime of the Han nation.
From Dayu to control the water, to Qin Shi Huang to run the horse and repair the embankment, from the Han Wu Emperor to worship the white horse jade bi sinking the river, to the Han Ming Emperor who ordered the virtuous minister Wang Jingzhi River...... Here you can see the ministers of the previous dynasties and think of the different ideas of their different dynasties.
Governing rivers and repairing books are the basic national policies of various dynasties, and they have connected the cultural roots of thousands of years.
The wind swayed and jingled the wind chimes on the ancient buildings of Jiaying, like a gentle slow music that had been played for more than 200 years, lingering in people's ears from different angles. The smoke and rain are hazy, the sky and the earth are still the same, and in the slight coolness, I seem to see the grand scene of the former officials queuing up here to worship.
Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty focused on "river affairs and water transportation" as the outline of the dynasty, and visited the Yellow River many times to inspect the river work, and discussed with the river ministers about the strategy of river control, because the wind blowing on the Yellow River also made the rulers of the Qing Dynasty lose color. Therefore, Jiaying concept also enshrines the "wind god" and "rain god" in addition to Dayu.
The designer of the Jiaying concept has melted his respect for the Yellow River, the reverence for the water god of the Yellow River, and the admiration for the wise ministers who governed the river in the past dynasties into the official buildings on the central axis of the Jiaying concept.
This unique architectural group of temples, temples and government offices, the opening of palaces, temples and temples in one historical precedent, breaking their different missions and positions in history and culture, is unique in the history of the Yellow River.
"Historical Records: Feng Zen Book" says: "The four blasphemers, what is also, river, river, Huai, Jiye." "River, River, Huai, and Ji" are four large rivers that flow to the sea alone, and the ancients called them "four desecrations". Now, whether it is the "Huaiyuan Temple" of Tongbai County to worship the Huai River, the "Jiangdu Temple" of Chengdu to worship the Yangtze River, the "Jidu Temple" of Jiyuan to worship the water god of the Jihe River, or the "Heyuan Temple" of Qinghai to worship the Yellow River in the Yellow River Basin, and the "River Temple" of the Yellow River in Jinan, Shandong, etc., they are far from the Jiaying concept in terms of pattern, momentum, design, ideas and building technology.
"The Sect of the Four Blasphemy", this is Yongzheng's name for the Yellow River. In his proclamation to the god of the Yellow River, he listed the Yellow River as the first of the "four desecrations" in the world, so Jiaying Guan is the largest river temple in China, and she dwarfs other river temples in terms of architectural scale, scientific research, artistic value, historical significance, etc.
Using culture as the background and history as the carrier, this is the unique aspect of Jiaying Guan's reward for the heroes of river governance. Different from the traditional culture in which the "view" is based on the myth of the ethereal, the heroes of the Jiaying concept of river governance are all generations with the experience of river governance, have tasted the lessons of success and failure, and shoulder the mission of the Yellow River Anlan and are arduous, so the heroes of the Jiaying concept of river governance represent the development of the Yellow River civilization for 5,000 years, and the strategy of governing the Yellow River in the Central Plains of the Han nation is condensed.
The difficulty in controlling the Yellow River lies in sediment. The statues of generations of heroes who have been fighting the river here are truly the monuments of our national spirit. He also symbolizes our national spiritual inheritance of not being afraid of difficulties, living endlessly, and striving for benevolence, and is the spokesperson of our Yellow River civilization!
Jiaying concept is not only a river temple, she is also an ancient Chinese building, the last architectural monument in the Yellow River Basin.
Looking at the history of world architecture, European architecture, Islamic architecture and ancient Chinese architecture are known as the world's three major architectural systems, and only the artistic charm of ancient Chinese architecture has passed through time and space, affecting East Asia and witnessing our lives today......
Jiaying concept comes from history......
Author's resume: Hu Gengchen, a native of Zhengzhou City, has a university degree. Profession: Director, screenwriter, published novels, essays, reportage. He has directed many film and television dramas, and has won many industry and national awards such as "Peony Award" and "Five Ones".