The theory of traditional Chinese medicine believes that some drugs can play a leading and guiding role, introducing other drugs into certain parts or areas, which may be a certain meridian divided by the theory of meridians of traditional Chinese medicine, or a certain organ divided by the theory of internal organs of traditional Chinese medicine, so as to have the effect of directly reaching the disease, which is the meridian inducing medicine. Ancient Chinese medicine scholars also made in-depth metaphors for the directional selection and guiding role of menstrual medicine, such as You Zaijing of the Qing Dynasty said in "Medical Reading" that "if there is no guide, the soldier will not reach the thief realm, and if the medicine is not introduced, it will not be able to pass the disease".
Xiao Wang asked, "Teacher Xie, I would like to ask about the historical evolution of the theory of Chinese medicine citation, is it okay?"
Teacher Xie nodded, "The theory of quoting scriptures is a very important part of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine. The history of this theory can be traced back a long time, even to the era of the Shennong Materia Medica. ”
Xiao Wang's eyes widened, full of curiosity, "Shennong's Materia Medica? That's one of the classics of Chinese medicine!"
"Yes," Teacher Xie nodded, "In the Shennong Materia Medica, there is a sentence that says: '(Cinnamon) is the first to hire a messenger for all medicines', which can be regarded as one of the earliest signs of quoting the scriptures. ”
"Notes on the Materia Medica" Tao Hongjing: "Fungus cinnamon." The taste is spicy, warm and non-toxic. It is mainly used to treat all diseases, nourish the spirit, and color, and hire a general messenger for all medicines. ”
The gradual development of the theory of quotations
Xiao Wang showed a clear expression, "Then how did the theory of quoting scriptures gradually develop?"
Teacher Xie smiled and explained, "The theory of quoting scriptures gradually developed and matured during the Jin and Yuan dynasties. At that time, the physician Zhang Yuan attached great importance to the use of menstrual medicines, and he called these drugs 'medicines'. He clarified the menstrual inducing drugs corresponding to the different meridians, and emphasized the distinction between the upper and lower drugs. This can be seen as the prototype of the theory of quotations. ”
Zhang Yuan (1131~1234), the word Jiegu, now Yixian County, Hebei Province, he has been smart since childhood, 8 years old should be "Tongziju", 27 years old to try "Jingyi" Jinshi, because of the "temple secret" and fell off the list, then abandoned Shi to practice medicine. Jiegu's emphasis on the differentiation of viscera syndrome and the cultivation of stomach qi had an important influence on Li Gao's creation of a systematic spleen and stomach theory characterized by "replenishing soil", and eventually became the most prominent theoretical feature of the "Yishui School".
Xiao Wang listened carefully, "Zhang Yuan's theory provided the foundation for later doctors, right?"
"Yes," Teacher Xie nodded, "Li Dongyuan is a student of Zhang Element, and he inherited and carried forward Zhang Element's theory of quotation. In his book "The Heart Method of Medicine", he clearly recorded the two chapters of "Dongyuan Messenger" and "Guide to the Scriptures", and also added a lot of guide drugs. These theories laid a solid foundation for the development of the theory of quotations. ”
Li Gao (1180~1251), the word Mingzhi, is a native of Zhengding, Hebei Province, and called himself the old man of Dongyuan in his later years. He is one of the "Four Masters of the Jin Yuan" in the history of Chinese medicine, and the founder of the "Spleen and Stomach Theory" of Chinese medicine, he emphasizes the important role of the spleen and stomach in the human body, because in the five elements, the spleen and stomach belong to the central soil, so his doctrine is also called the "Replenishing Earth School".
The two chapters of "Dongyuan Report Envoy" and "Zhujing Guide" have also added a lot of guide medicines, such as the hand lung Taiyin meridian guide medicine bellflower, and the hand Shaoyang meridian guide medicine Chuanxiong.
Xiao Wang asked with great interest, "So how did the theory of quoting scriptures develop later?"
"At that time, Li Dongyuan's idea of quoting scriptures had a profound impact on later generations," Mr. Xie continued, "The clinical application of menstrual introduction drugs has become more common and in-depth. Many physicians have followed this theory, and combined with actual clinical practice, they have continuously enriched and expanded the theory of scripture citation. ”
Xiao Wang Thought Wearing!
Later, the meridian inducing medicine gradually evolved from guiding the efficacy of other drugs to reach each meridian, and gradually evolved into inducing viscera and parts. Teacher Xie replied, "For example, Zhu Danxi's "Addendum to Materia Medica" mentions that oxknee can lead medicine downward. Li Shizhen first put forward the term 'citing scriptures and reporting envoys' in the "Compendium of Materia Medica: Preface", cimicifuga leads to the upward movement of Yang Ming and Qing Qi, and Bupleurum leads to the upward movement of Shaoyang Qingqi. ”
Zhu Zhenheng (1281~1358), male, the word Yanxiu, a famous medical scientist in the Yuan Dynasty, a native of Yiwu, Wuzhou (now Yiwu, Jinhua, Zhejiang), because of a beautiful stream in his former residence, named "Danxi", scholars respected him as "Danxi Weng" or "Mr. Danxi".
Teacher Xie then said: "You Zaijing mentioned in "Reading Secretaries of Medicine" that if a soldier has no guide, he will not reach the thief realm, and if there is no medicine to guide him, he will not be able to get through the disease. In addition, Wu Tang also listed the chapter "Quotation from the Scriptures" in his "Book of Medicine and Disease". "
You Yi (1650-1749), whose name is in Jing, is known as Clumsy Wu, alias Feeding Heshan, is a native of Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province, and studied under the famous doctor Ma Yu in Suzhou. He studied Zhang Zhongjing's writings in particular deeply, and wrote the three volumes of the Jin Kui Yao Lu Xin Dian (1729) and the Typhoid Guanzhu Collection (1810), which were very influential works for the study of Zhongjing's theory. He also wrote eight volumes of "Jin Kuiyi" (1768), two volumes of "Medical Reading Secretaries" (1729), and one volume of "The Case of the Jingxianglou Doctor", all of which are in the world.
Wu Tang (1758-1836). The word bow passes, with Heng. A native of Huaiyin County, Jiangsu. At the beginning of Confucianism, because of the mourning of the death of his father and nephew, he concentrated on medicine. Later, he went to Beijing to participate in the copying and proofreading of the "Siku Quanshu", and saw the "Treatise on the Epidemic of Warmth" (Wu Youke), admired his words, and then studied the art of heart medicine for more than ten years. Later, he summed up his experience and reviewed the ancient medical scriptures and the study of various scholars of warm diseases, including Ye Tianshi, and wrote the book "Differentiation of Warm Diseases". In the book, the theory of distinguishing yin and yang and distinguishing between water and fire is proposed, and the three focal points are used to distinguish the syndrome of temperature disease, the upper focus is on the heart envelope and the lungs, the middle is focused on the spleen and stomach, and the lower is focused on the liver and kidneys, which refers to the stage of disease. This theory and Ye Gui's dialectic of guarding qi and blood constitute the core of the theory of warm disease. In addition, "Wu Jutong Medical Case" and "Medical Illness Book" are all engraved in the world.
How to use menstrual medicine such as Zhang Zhongjing and Li Gao
Xiao Wang continued: "Teacher Xie, I would like to ask you to give a detailed example to explain the application of menstrual inducing medicine. ”
Teacher Xie smiled and nodded, "Of course you can, menstrual medicine is a very important part of traditional Chinese medicine." They are like the 'guides' in the prescription, which can guide other drugs to the viscera meridians where the disease is located, so as to drive away evil spirits, correct the pathological bias of the human body, and promote the body to return to normal. ”
Xiao Wang listened intently, "In his "Treatise on Typhoid Fever" and "Jin Kui Yaolu", there are many prescriptions that are applied to the compatibility of menstrual inducing drugs. For example, he used bellflower in Sanwu Baisan to guide croton to expel the evil qi in the chest, and treat phlegm obstruction in the chest and dyspnea. ”
Teacher Xie nodded, "Yes, this is a good example. The bellflower acts as a guide in this formula, acting like a small boat to help other medicines get where they need to go. "
Xiao Wang continued to ask: "Are there any other examples?"
"Of course," Mr. Xie continued, "for example, Wuling San uses Guizhi Xuan to channel yang qi and guide other drugs to promote water and dampness on the surface of the muscles. In Li Gao's "Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach", the formula clears the stomach and disperses the throat to cure the symptoms of unclear throat and swollen gums, and the recipe dissipates fire and detoxifies, and introduces all kinds of medicines to Yangming, which plays the function of clearing the stomach and cooling the blood; Wang Qingren in "Correcting Mistakes in the Medical Forest" in Xuefu Zhuyu Tang is mainly used to treat blood stasis syndrome in the chest, and the bellflower in the prescription opens the lung qi and carries medicine upward; oxknee breaks the stasis through the meridian and leads the blood stasis downward, and the two are used together to guide the medicine to play the function of invigorating blood and regulating qi. ”
Xiao Wang nodded hurriedly!
Teacher Xie then said: "The "Taiping Huimin and Pharmacy Formula" in the gentian laxative liver soup is bitter and cold, and the medicine is introduced into the liver, the liver and gallbladder are discharged, the liver is cleared of dampness and heat, and the symptoms of hypochondriac pain, bitter mouth, deafness and swelling are treated. The Wu Zhu in the Zuojin Pill in the "Danxi Heart Method" leads Coptis chinensis into the liver, conducts heat downward, clears the liver fire, lowers stomach qi, and eliminates all diseases. The list goes on. ”
Xiao Wang carefully wrote down these points, and then asked, "Is the role of the menstrual inducing medicine in the prescription usually an assistant?"
Teacher Xie nodded, "Yes, in most cases, the menstrual inducing medicine appears in the prescription as part of the adjuvant. However, in some cases, the inducing drug can act as the main drug and play a more important guiding role. ”
Xiao Wang asked curiously: "Is there an example of the situation where the menstrual inducing medicine is used as the main medicine?"
"Of course there is," Mr. Xie continued, "For example, the bellflower in the bellflower soup in "Treatise on Typhoid Fever" is the king's medicine, and its function is to guide licorice into the lungs to treat pulmonary carbuncle cough, sore throat and other symptoms. There is also the gypsum in the White Tiger Soup, which is also a Jun medicine, which guides other medicines into the Yangming Sutra to treat qi and heat and other symptoms. ”
Xiao Wang took these points more seriously!
Teacher Xie smiled and said: "The Bupleurum in "Taiping Huimin and Pharmacy Formula" is also a Jun medicine, which soothes the liver and relieves depression at the same time, guides other drugs into the liver meridian to treat menstrual irregularities, chest tightness and hypochondria and other symptoms. ”
Quotations from the Origins of Medicine
The sun meridian, Qiang live, in the lower cork, small intestine, bladder also.
Shaoyang Sutra, Bupleurum, in the lower green skin, gall, three Jiao also.
Yang Ming Sutra, Cimicifuga, Angelica Angelica, in the lower one, gypsum, stomach, large intestine also.
Taiyin meridian, white peony medicine, spleen, lungs also.
Shaoyin meridian, knowing the mother, heart, and kidneys. Yin meridian, green skin;
In the following, Bupleurum chinensis, liver, envelope also. The medicine of the above twelve meridians is also.