87, Chiang Ching-kuo "tolerates" the DPP's third eye on Taiwan Ye Yonglie

The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) is the protagonist of the "green camp" and is the second largest party in Taiwan after the Kuomintang in terms of the number of members.

When the DPP was first founded in 1986, it had only 10,000 members. On the eve of its victory in the March 2000 election, the DPP had grown to 160,000 members.

Only two months after the DPP won the 2000 general election, the number of DPP members soared to 300,000 as the DPP became the ruling party.

The eight years that the DPP has been in power for eight years have been a period of great development for the DPP. Since the DPP has been the ruling party for the past eight years, quite a large number of people have applied to join the DPP. As of January 1, 2008, the DPP had about 1 million members, which is a considerable number in Taiwan, which has a population of only 23 million.

The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) is the abbreviation of the "Democratic Progressive Party". When it was founded in Taipei on September 28, 1986, it was an opposition "opposition party" with the Kuomintang as its opponent on the basis of the former "Editorial Federation" and "Public Affairs Council". At that time, it was claimed to have 20,000 to 30,000 party members (but it was actually less than 10,000).

The fact that the DPP was able to appear on Taiwan's political stage and that the DPP was able to become a formidable opponent of the KMT was related to Chiang Ching-kuo's important decision to open up the "party ban" in those years.

As everyone knows, under Chiang Kai-shek's iron fist, for a long time, the Kuomintang was "one-party dominant" and practiced the one-party dictatorship of the Kuomintang. In January 1938, Kang Ze and Liu Jianqun, leaders of the Kuomintang Renaissance Society, advocated the "Trinity Doctrine" of "one party, one leader, and one doctrine", which became the theoretical basis of Chiang Kai-shek's autocratic rule. The so-called "one political party" is the Chinese Kuomintang, the so-called "one leader" is Chiang Kai-shek, and the so-called "one doctrine" is the "Three People's Principles".

In 1949, Chiang Kai-shek retreated to Taiwan, not only still practicing "one-party dictatorship" and "party-state integration", but also implementing "hereditary party power", and designated his son Chiang Ching-kuo as the hereditary successor.

In Taiwan, the Chiang Kai-shek authorities promulgated the "Provisional Provisions for the Period of Mobilization and Rebellion" and the "National General Mobilization Law" to impose military control and declare martial law during extraordinary periods. Chiang Kai-shek strictly forbade people outside the party to form a party, and if they were discovered, they were immediately banned. Chiang Kai-shek also strictly prohibited all kinds of political activities, prohibited illegal assemblies, associations, processions, petitions, school boycotts, strikes, market boycotts, and business strikes, and imposed strict control and censorship systems on broadcasting, press, and publishing. The Taiwanese people called the Chiang Kai-shek era the "authoritarian era."

On April 5, 1975, Chiang Kai-shek, who had ruled the mainland for 22 years and had been in Taiwan for 26 years, died of illness in Taipei, ending Chiang Kai-shek's "authoritarian era".

Although the surface is still painted with the color of "democracy" and the "vice president" Yan Jiagan is the "president" in accordance with the "Constitution," Chiang Ching-kuo, the son of Chiang Kai-shek, has long been the hereditary successor of the "King James Command." Chiang Ching-kuo quickly became chairman of the Kuomintang and then "president".

Significantly, Chiang Ching-kuo made a series of important decisions in his later years, including the lifting of the ban on the party: in March 1986, Chiang Ching-kuo ordered the establishment of a "Political Reform Group" to study the reform of the political system. In early September, Chiang Ching-kuo said that he would lift the 38-year-old martial law and open up the ban on the party and the press.

Although Chiang Ching-kuo's remarks at that time were still only in the stage of "blowing the wind," the "non-party personages" on the island immediately sensitively saw the signs from them. The so-called "non-party personages" refer to the Kuomintang, and "non-party personages" are a group of dissidents who oppose the Kuomintang. On September 28, many "non-party figures" gathered at the Yuanshan Hotel. This "non-party force" was originally gathered to face the "legislator" election at the end of the year, and was preparing to set up a "support association" for the election. They chose the Yuanshan Hotel for their meeting, thinking that the more high-end social places of the Kuomintang like this, the safer it was. In the course of the meeting, some people suggested that we should take the opportunity to discuss the issue of forming a party, and declared that "the [election] support association is a transitional organization, and our goal is to form a party, and the timing of party formation is considered to be the best this year, and this year is the best today." Hsieh Changting's proposal to call this newly formed party the "Democratic and Progressive Party" was unanimously approved by the participants. The Democratic Progressive Party, the Democratic Progressive Party, was thus born.

According to Mr. Shi Mingde, former chairman of the Democratic Progressive Party, the Kuomintang secret service had already learned of this unusual trend of "non-party forces" at that time, and they had laid a net at the Yuanshan Hotel, and only waited for Chiang Ching-kuo to give an order, and then they wiped out all the representatives of the "non-party forces."

However, Chiang Ching-kuo did not issue an arrest warrant. After careful consideration, Chiang Ching-kuo decided to adopt a "tolerant policy" toward the DPP. He said something shocking, "It's easy to use power, but it's hard to know when not to use it." ”

On October 5, Chiang Ching-kuo delivered a speech at the Standing Committee of the Kuomintang Central Committee, saying, "The times are changing, the environment is changing, and the tide is changing." In response to these changes, the ruling party must adopt new ideas and new practices to promote innovative measures on the basis of democratic constitutionalism. ”

When Ma Ying-jeou heard Chiang Ching-kuo personally say that he wanted to open up the ban on the party and newspapers, he was immediately hit by an electric current that "we are making history," but many dignitaries of the Kuomintang questioned it one after another, and Shen Changhuan, the "national policy adviser," said: "This may cause our party to lose power in the future!"

At this time, Chiang Ching-kuo said a very profound sentence: "There is no eternal ruling party in the world. ”

Chiang Ching-kuo said this, in fact, it was the result of his repeated thinking for many years. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between the United States and the People's Republic of China in 1979, Taiwan has become increasingly isolated in the international community, and the Taiwanese people have become increasingly dissatisfied with the authoritarian rule of the Kuomintang, calling the Kuomintang regime a "foreign regime." Chiang Ching-kuo understood that only by ending martial law and by adopting a series of enlightened policies could he win the hearts and minds of the people, and only by winning the hearts and minds of the people could the Kuomintang not lose power. Chiang Ching-kuo used a "clever" strategy to save the declining Kuomintang. Chiang Ching-kuo believed that allowing the opposition parties to openly display their banners would make the Kuomintang more aware of the crisis, and on the contrary, would prompt the Kuomintang to get rid of many of the ills that had been in power for a long time and win the support of the Taiwan people with a new look.

Under Chiang Ching-kuo's instigation, on July 15, 1987, martial law, which had been in force for the longest time in the world, was lifted, and the people of Taiwan truly had the right to freely form parties, form associations, and run newspapers and periodicals.

Then, on 15 October, the Standing Committee of the Kuomintang Central Committee formally adopted two plans for "political reform": one was to abolish the "martial law" and the other was to open up the "party ban."

In this way, under Chiang Ching-kuo's policy of opening up the "party ban," the DPP rapidly rose to become the largest opposition party in Taiwan and a rival of the Kuomintang.

In Chiang Ching-kuo's later years, diabetes became more and more serious, coupled with retinal detachment and paralysis of his lower limbs, so he had to sit in a wheelchair and attend some meetings that he had to attend. On December 25, 1987, Chiang Ching-kuo was in a wheelchair to attend the "Constitution Day" meeting, and the venue was in chaos. This was not because Chiang Ching-kuo was no longer able to speak, but that his "presidential speech" had to be read out by He Yiwu, secretary general of the "National Assembly," while the opposition party, the Democratic Progressive Party, raised the banner of opposition and protested loudly at the venue. In the past, under the high-pressure politics of the "authoritarian era", there has always been one person in charge and everyone is silent, but now the DPP blatantly does not take Chiang Ching-kuo seriously.

Chiang Ching-kuo witnessed the frenzied clamor of the DPP at the venue, but he remained calm and calm, because the DPP was born under his promise.

Nineteen days later, Chiang Ching-kuo died suddenly.