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(Three Heroes of Table Tennis from left: Jiang Yongning, Rong Guotuan, Fu Qifang (post-synthesis))
Jiang Yongning, Fu Qifang, and Rong Guotuan, and are known as the "Three Masters of Table Tennis". In the fifties, sixties and tenties of the last century, Jiang Yongning was one of the most famous table tennis players.
He was the country's first table tennis men's singles champion after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Jiang Yongning has participated in a total of 4 World Table Tennis Championships, is the first person in China to defeat the world champion in the World Championships, and the first Chinese person to climb the World Table Tennis Federation rankings, and is one of the founders of table tennis in the mainland.
Jiang Yongning's wife, Sun Meiying, is the main member of the national table tennis women's team, has participated in 6 World Championships, and is a famous star. The couple had two daughters.
In 1968, Jiang Yongning was framed as a "Japanese spy", and he ended his young life at the age of 41 with a rope. When Jiang Yongning died sadly, his youngest daughter was only more than 50 days old, and Sun Meiying was just 39 years old.
However, after her husband's death, Sun Meiying's bad luck is not over, what happened to her and her two daughters?
01
(Jiang Yongning)
Originally from Panyu, Guangdong, Jiang Yongning was born in Hong Kong in 1927 and had a childhood full of tears and humiliation. Not long after Jiang Yongning was born, his father ran away from home and never came back.
Jiang Yongning remarried his brother and mother when he was 4 years old, and his stepfather was a carpenter, and his meager income could not support the family at all. Jiang Yongning and his brother often carry bamboo baskets on their backs to the factory to pick up cinders and go to the dock to pick up garbage. He also poured urinals for his boss in factories and polished shoes for the Japanese.
The poor family environment made Jiang Yongning develop an introverted, cautious, and timid character.
Jiang Yongning is a table tennis genius, but his family didn't have the money to send him to learn ball, so he went to the table tennis club to pick up the ball, and later became a sparring partner, and he survived step by step.
In 1952, Jiang Yongning won the Hong Kong men's table tennis singles championship. In 10 years of the same year, the Chinese Sports Association Branch invited him to represent the Guangdong team in the first National Table Tennis Championship.
(Jiang Yongning in the early years)
Jiang Yongning is a straight board chipping style of play, often playing more than 10 or 20 rounds for a ball. When the opponent "swings short", Jiang Yongning rushed to the table with a strong step, and the fast attack made the opponent scratch his head.
In the final, Jiang Yongning defeated Fu Qifang and won the men's singles championship.
Jiang Yongning also became the first table tennis men's singles champion in mainland China after the founding of New China. His defensive and rigid style of play has opened up a precedent for cutting the middle belt attack.
After Jiang Yongning won the championship, Marshal He Long asked someone to bring him a message, hoping that he would come to the mainland to play and that all his treatment in Hong Kong could be retained.
(He Long shakes hands with Rong Guotuan and others)
At that time, Jiang Yongning was already a staff member of Hong Kong's "Sing Tao Daily", and he was well-known in Hong Kong and had a good income. But he felt that it was more meaningful for him to play on behalf of the motherland, so Jiang Yongning left Hong Kong to join the national table tennis team.
After coming to the mainland, he received a monthly salary of 135 yuan. Jiang Yongning learned that the salaries of other coaches and players were not high, so he took the initiative to ask for the salary to be lowered, and the leaders of the National Sports Commission gave him work many times, so Jiang Yongning took the highest salary of the national table tennis team.
In February 1953, the 20th World Table Tennis Championships was held in Bucharest, the capital of Romania, which was the first time that the national table tennis team participated in the World Table Tennis Championships, and Jiang Yongning went with the team.
In the men's team final, Jiang Yongning defeated the 16th World Table Tennis Championships men's singles champion - British player Leach, becoming the first table tennis player in the mainland to defeat the world champion.
Outstanding table tennis player in the mainland in the fifties. From left: Fu Qifang, Wang Chuanyao and Jiang Yongning. (Photo by Chen Leisheng)
In 1954, Jiang Yongning participated in the World University Games and won the third place in table tennis men's singles.
In 1955, Jiang Yongning won the men's singles championship of the National Table Tennis Championship again.
In the same year, Jiang Yongning participated in the 5th World Youth Friendship Festival Games and won the runner-up in table tennis men's singles.
In 1956, Jiang Yongning was awarded the title of Chinese table tennis athlete.
02
Jiang Yongning participated in the 20th, 21st, 22nd, and 23rd World Table Tennis Championships, and Jiang Yongning played the main role in each session to score points for the Chinese team.
(Jiang Yongning)
Especially in the 23rd World Table Tennis Championships, when the Chinese team played against the United States, South Korea, South Vietnam and other teams, Jiang Yongning scored 3 points in each game and helped the Chinese men's team reach the top 4.
The Japanese audience at the scene cheered for the Chinese players overwhelmingly. When the Japanese television broadcast the match between the Chinese team and the South Korean team, the announcer shouted the reactionary slogan "Defeat the Communist ×" for every point scored by the South Korean team.
Jiang Yongning, who is not tall and a little thin, is not affected by the outside world and scores for the Chinese team again and again. His leg cramped and he was soaking wet, and he scored 3 points in 3 important games, making the first contribution for the Chinese team to reach the top 4 for the first time.
Jiang Yongning also became the first male table tennis player in the mainland to rank in the top 10 in the world.
In the 50s of the last century, Jiang Yongning fell in love, and his girlfriend was Sun Meiying, a female table tennis player. She was born in Shanghai in 1929, two years younger than Jiang Yongning.
(Sun Meiying)
Sun Meiying was also born in poverty, originally picked up balls in the table tennis club, and later worked as a sparring partner, in 1947 Sun Meiying won the second place in the women's singles of the Shanghai Table Tennis Competition.
At that time, female athletes could only push, grind, and block, and their playing style was relatively passive. And Sun Meiying is an offensive style of play, which makes her stand out.
After the liberation of the country in 1949, Beijing established the Central Physical Training Class, and Sun Meiying was successfully selected.
In 1952, Sun Meiying was selected for the national table tennis team, the most famous female table tennis player in the 50s, and participated in a total of 6 World Table Tennis Championships.
In the 23rd World Table Tennis Championships in 1955, when Sun Meiying played against the British team, she scored 3 points alone and helped the Chinese women's team win the third place in the team. It's a pity that there was no video at the time, and Sun Meiying's heroic appearance on the court was not recorded.
(Outstanding table tennis player in the mainland in the fifties.) From left: Ye Peiqiong, Sun Meiying, Qiu Zhonghui)
Jiang Yongning is cautious and timid, introverted, although he likes Sun Meiying, he doesn't dare to speak. Sun Meiying was embarrassed to take the initiative out of the girl's reserve, and in the end, the kind coach Liang Zhuohui pulled them together and tied the two together.
In 1956, Jiang Yongning and Sun Meiying got married in Beijing. In 1957, Jiang Yongning retired and joined the national table tennis team as a coach. In 1958, the couple's eldest daughter, Jiang Xiaoying, was born.
After becoming a mother, Sun Meiying is still the main force of the national table tennis women's team. Jiang Yongning's time is relatively free, so he does housework at home, takes care of his daughter, and fully supports Sun Meiying to play.
In 1961, the 26th World Table Tennis Championships was held in Beijing. Sun Meiying, as the No. 1 main force of the national table tennis women's team, helped the Chinese team reach the women's team finals.
(Photo of Kimiyo Matsuzaki at the age of 74)
The opponent was the Japanese team, and the Chinese women's team led 2-1 with a big score, but finally lost to the Japanese team Matsuzaki Kimiyo, and finally lost 2-3 and was the runner-up.
After the game, Matsuzaki Jundai took the initiative to hold Sun Meiying's hand: You played the best!
After the 26th World Table Tennis Championships, Sun Meiying retired and joined the national table tennis women's team as a coach. In this way, Sun Meiying and her husband are both coaching in the national table tennis team.
Due to the busy training competition, they postponed the date of conceiving their second baby again and again.
03
In 1963, the 27th World Table Tennis Championships was about to be held in Prague, Czech Republic, and Sun Meiying saw that the newcomers of the national table tennis women's team could not take the lead, so she was ready to participate as a team member.
(Sun Meiying (right) and Qiu Zhonghui)
At this time, she was 34 years old, and she trained more than the younger players, but she broke her foot twice and became swollen. In those days, Jiang Yongning carried his wife to and from work behind his back, and massaged her ankles at night.
In April 1963, the 27th World Table Tennis Championships officially started, and Sun Meiying helped the Chinese women's team win the third place in the team as the main player.
Sun Meiying also won the women's singles championship at the National Table Tennis Championships twice. She participated in a total of 6 World Table Tennis Championships, and helped the Chinese team win the third place in the 24th, 25th and 27th women's teams and the runner-up in the 26th women's teams as the main player.
Sun Meiying cooperated with Qiu Zhonghui and won the third place in the women's doubles of the 26th World Table Tennis Championships, and Sun Meiying also won the third place in the women's singles of the 27th World Table Tennis Championships.
Sun Meiying is spicy and straightforward, and there is a great contrast with Jiang Yongning's personality, and many people are puzzled: Your personality is completely different, how can you be a husband and wife? Jiang Yongning said: I let her at home.
(Mr. and Mrs. Jiang Yongning and their daughter)
Indeed, Jiang Yongning is a good gentleman, he never says anything serious about his wife, and he doesn't squeak when his wife Sun Meiying gets angry.
In 1965, Jiang Yongning was transferred to the Beijing table tennis team as the head coach and a member of the Party Committee of the Beijing Municipal Sports Commission. Jiang Yongning went to the training hall at half past six every day to clean up, turn on the water, and lead the team to train on time at 8 o'clock.
When he got home in the evening, Jiang Yongning still had to write a training plan. Some table tennis enthusiasts wrote to Jiang Yongning for advice, and he replied to every letter. Some border guards asked Jiang Yongning to buy rackets, and after he bought them at his own expense, he nailed them in wooden boxes and sent them.
Colleagues all think that Jiang Yongning is a good person who does not have horns on his head and thorns on his body, and no one needs to be wary of getting along with him.
In 1966, a storm swept across the country, and Fu Qifang, the head coach of the national table tennis men's team, bore the brunt of the impact, and he was slandered by radicals as a "hidden spy".
(Fu Qifang (1923-April 16, 1968))
On April 16, 1968, Fu Qifang hanged himself in the building of the Training Bureau of the National Sports Commission, when his son was not yet 10 years old.
Immediately afterwards, Jiang Yongning was slandered as a "traitor" and "spy", and his unit was plastered with his big-character posters. Jiang Yongning's colleague Wang Xitian also came from Hong Kong and has been quarantined for review.
Jiang Yongning played with great resourcefulness and was known as the "vixen" in Hong Kong. Wang Xitian is brave and good at fighting, and is known as "Little Overlord" by Hong Kong fans.
When the radical faction of the Beijing Municipal Sports Commission learned of Wang's nickname as "Little Overlord," they thought he was a big bully in Hong Kong and locked him up.
Before Wang Xitian was quarantined and examined, he took a huge risk to come to Jiang Yongning and asked him to pay attention and stop talking and doing things randomly. Looking at the melancholy in his friend's eyes, Jiang Yongning's mood was very sad.
The big-character poster exposing Jiang Yongning was appallingly written: saying that he was a big traitor in Japan in the 40s, and that he couldn't wait to return to the mainland after liberation, and that he had come to grab credit.
04
Jiang Yongning returned home with a heavy heart and told Sun Meiying about the big-character poster. The spicy Sun Meiying said loudly: Let them write it, how many of the current big-character posters are true?
But since then, Jiang Yongning has been isolated in the unit, colleagues dare not approach him, and the team members are unwilling to accept his guidance. Especially after Fu Qifang's suicide, the introverted Jiang Yongning became even more pessimistic and desperate.
The introverted and cowardly Jiang Yongning has always been submissive and compromised, he has never exposed anyone, and always thinks repeatedly about whether he has said something wrong or done something wrong.
Jiang Yongning was about to burn all the letters at home, but Sun Meiying disagreed: What is there to burn?
Rong Guotuan (August 10, 1937 ~ June 20, 1968)
But Jiang Yongning still opened the drawers one by one, took out all the things with words in them, and burned them.
He lit the letters one by one, the smoke rolled in the room, Sun Meiying opened the window to breathe, but was reported by the neighbor. The neighbor is also a colleague of Jiang Yongning, Jiang Yongning has never offended him, but who knows that the other party has ill intentions and reported it.
So Jiang Yongning had another crime: secretly destroying the stolen goods.
On the morning of May 10, 1968, Jiang Yongning went to work and worriedly told Sun Meiying: You find out all the photos at home and burn them.
Sun Meiying turned out a package of photos and prepared to burn them one by one at home. After a while, Sun Meiying's team members Lin Huiqing and Qiu Baoqin came and wanted to take these photos to the boiler room of the unit and burn them.
(Emily Lam)
Sun Meiying said: Don't bother you, in case someone sees it, and says that we are transferring black materials. However, Sun Meiying did not burn the package of photos, which became the fuse for Jiang Yongning's death.
At 5 o'clock in the afternoon of the same day, eight activists from the Beijing Municipal Sports Commission broke into Jiang Yongning's house and announced to Sun Meiying: Jiang Yongning has been dictatorship.
Sun Meiying just gave birth to her little daughter for more than a month, and she confronted the other party: the top did not allow the house to be raided. One of them pushed her: if you don't copy the homes of the revolutionary masses, you want to copy the homes of the counter-revolutionaries.
Eight people rummaged through boxes and cabinets at home to find evidence and took the bag of photos. One of them is a photo of Jiang Yongning when he was a child, and there is a small sun flag on the clothes he wears, which they think is ironclad evidence that Jiang Yongning is a "Japanese spy".
The next day, Jiang Yongning was taken away, and the other party forced him to admit that he was a Japanese spy.
(From left: Jiang Yongning, Sun Meiying, Qiu Zhonghui, Fu Qifang)
Jiang Yongning explained: At that time, there were small sun flags on my clothes, and I was born poor and had no dealings with the Japanese.
Four big men picked up wooden sticks and called Jiang Yongning, he was beaten so that his nose was blue and his face was swollen, and his face was covered with blood. Jiang Yongning got under the bed and was dragged out to continue fighting.
Jiang Yongning fainted. It was dark, the person who beat Jiang Yongning left, and after he woke up, he wiped the blood on his face while crying.
Jiang Yongning was about to go home, but the person who beat him came back from dinner and did not allow Jiang Yongning to leave. Jiang Yongning stayed in the detention cell, and no one brought him food.
On the morning of May 16, 1968, the team saw Jiang Yongning and asked him: Why is your face so swollen? Jiang Yongning did not answer, he did not dare to say that he had been beaten.
(Jiang Yongning instructs team members to train)
At 8 a.m., the radicals ordered Jiang Yongning to clean the toilet. He cleaned the toilet, then quietly went to a room on the fourth floor and never came out.
My colleague Wang Xitian didn't see Jiang Yongning all morning, so he went upstairs to look for it, and the door on the fourth floor was locked. Through the glass, he saw Jiang Yongning standing at the window. Wang Xitian thought that Jiang Yongning was going to jump off the building, and cried and shouted: Jiang Yongning, you must not do foolish things!
There was no movement inside. Wang Xitian called his colleagues, and they slammed the door open, and found Jiang Yongning hanging from the window with a rope around his neck, and his heart had already stopped beating.
05
After the news of her husband's tragic death spread, Sun Meiying passed out several times, she was only 39 years old this year, her eldest daughter was 10 years old, and her youngest daughter was only more than 50 days old. For many years afterward, Sun Meiying still deeply regretted that if the bag of photos had been burned that day, her husband might not have died.
Before her husband's bones were cold, Sun Meiying was ordered to sweep the streets. The radicals sewed a piece of cloth on Sun Meiying's clothes, which read: "Hit Sun Meiying, a member of the counter-revolutionary family."
(Nian Weisi)
Once, Sun Meiying defended her husband, and several activists beat her, but fortunately, two football coaches from the General Administration of Sports of China, Nian Weisi and Zhang Junxiu, saved her.
Just when Sun Meiying was most distressed and helpless, a man named Ge Stratuan appeared.
He is also from Shanghai, 4 years older than Sun Meiying, and is good friends with Sun Meiying's third brother. After graduating from high school, Ge Zhiyun was admitted to the electrical engineering department of a prestigious university, and later worked as an electrical engineering technician in a state-owned enterprise in Beijing.
Ge Strau Yun also had a failed marriage, he and his ex-wife were in an arranged marriage, they have long been divorced, and Ge Strau Yun has been living a single life.
Ge often visits Ms. Sun to bring snacks and fruit to her two daughters. Sun Meiying said to him: Don't come to see me, I will affect you.
(Jiang Yongning and daughter Jiang Xiaoying)
Ge Caiyun bravely said: I am not afraid! When Ge Caiyun came to Sun Meiying's house, radicals often broke in and asked Ge Caiyun where he was from? Ge Jieyun did not show weakness, and the other party asked him to take his work permit, and he shot back: You take out the certification letter of the unit and look at it.
The radicals wanted to rectify Sun Meiying, but Ge Caiyun protected her and was beaten several times. Sun Meiying felt that Ge Caiyun was a brave and strong man, and she had psychological and spiritual support.
The leader of the unit advised Ge Zhiyun: Don't get too close to Sun Meiying, otherwise your future will be over. Ge Zhiyunning wants love, not a future. In May 1969, Sun Meiying remarried Ge Caiyun with her two daughters.
Not long after Sun Meiying remarried, Li Furong secretly told her: Your problem has been solved.
(Li Furong and his wife Zhang Yuyi)
It turned out that when Premier Zhou met with the outstanding table tennis mobilizers, he saw that Sun Meiying did not come, so he asked the people from the Military Management Committee what was going on.
When the other party said that Sun Meiying had a problem, Premier Zhou immediately said: She is an athlete who was born as a student, so what can be the problem? Later, the premier asked about Sun Meiying's situation twice at the meeting.
So Sun Meiying resumed her normal treatment and returned to coach the Chinese table tennis women's team.
In 1970, Sun Meiying became pregnant, and her husband Ge Caiyun had to move to Pingdingshan, Henan Province due to work needs. Sun Meiying decided to leave the national table tennis team and go with her husband. The person in charge of the Military Management Commission was worried that the prime minister would not be able to explain if Sun Meiying asked him again, so he asked Ge Jieyun to stay in Beijing.
In December 1970, Sun Meiying gave birth to a son in Beijing and became a mother of three children.
(Jiang Xiaoying (left) and Wang Xin, a teacher from Tsinghua University, took a group photo)
Ge Caiyun is a good stepfather who is one in a hundred, and he is better to his two stepdaughters than his sons. The eldest daughter, Jiang Xiaoying, went to Yunnan to play table tennis after graduating from middle school, and Ge Zhiyun often wrote to inquire about the situation.
learned from his wife that it was difficult for Jiang Xiaoying to enter the national team, so Ge Jieyun rushed to Yunnan to take Jiang Xiaoying back to Beijing and let her take the university entrance examination.
Ge Zhiyun tutored her daughter with her homework every day, and as a result, Jiang Xiaoying was admitted to Tsinghua University. During college, Ge often cycled back and forth for five hours to deliver food to his daughter.
Jiang Xiaoying finished her undergraduate and graduate studies at Tsinghua University, Ge Caiyun went more than 200 times, and Sun Meiying only went there 4 times in total.
Although Jiang Xiaoying's sisters and younger brother are half-fathers, the three of them have a good relationship, the younger brother has a cold and fever, and the two sisters save their living expenses to buy him canned food to eat.
(Sun Meiying and He Zhili)
Sun Meiying and Ge Zhiyun have never quarreled since they remarried, and their home has always hung a photo of Jiang Yongning. In 1978, when Jiang Yongning rehabilitated Zhaoxue, the appeal materials were all written by Ge Jieyun.
In 1985, Wang Xitian, then vice chairman of the Chinese Table Tennis Association, took the lead in holding the "Sanying Cup" Table Tennis Invitational Tournament in order to commemorate Jiang Yongning, Fu Qifang, and Rong Guotuan's "Three Heroes of Table Tennis".
After Sun Meiying became a coach in the national table tennis team, she trained many famous table tennis players such as Zhang Li, Geng Lijuan, Cao Yanhua, and He Zhili.
In 1993, Sun Meiying suffered a cerebral hemorrhage and unfortunately died in Beijing at the age of 64.
(From left: Fu Qifang's daughter Fu Meilian, Rong Guotuan's wife Huang Xiuzhen and Jiang Yongning's daughter Jiang Xiaoying)
After Sun Meiying left, Jiang Xiaoying and her sister still corresponded with Ge Caiyun as before, filial piety to him, and held up his old age.
In January 2024, Jiang Yongning has been away from us for 56 years, and many old fans still miss him and miss him. His contribution to the cause of table tennis in mainland China will forever be recorded in history.
After Jiang Yongning's unfortunate early death, her widow Sun Meiying was lucky to find a good man, and the second half of her life was stable and peaceful, with no regrets.
-END-
The headline number was first released, and the whole network was opened to protect rights. Plagiarism must be investigated!